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Toward Establishing a Low-cost UAV Coordinated Carbon Observation Network(LUCCN):First Integrated Campaign in China

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 1-7页

作者： Dongxu YANG Tonghui ZHAO Lu YAO Dong GUO Meng FAN Xiaoyu REN Mingge LI Kai WU Jing WANG zhaonan cai Sisi WANG Jiaxu GUO Liangfu CHEN Yi LIU Carbon Neutrality Research Center(CNRC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Middle Atmospheric Physics and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National Remote Sensing Center of China Beijing 100036China The Administrative Center for China’s Agenda 21 Beijing 100862China

In this study,we introduce our newly developed measurement-fed-perception self-adaption Low-cost UAV Coordinated Carbon Observation Network(LUCCN)*** LUCCN primarily consists of two categories of instruments,including ground-based and UAV-based in-situ *** use the GMP343,a low-cost non-dispersive infrared sensor,in both ground-based and UAV-based *** first integrated measurement campaign took place in Shenzhen,China,4 May *** the campaign,we found that LUCCN’s UAV component presented significant data-collecting advantages over its ground-based counterpart owing to the relatively high altitudes of the point emission sources,which was especially obvious at a gas power plant in *** emission flux was calculated by a crosssectional flux(CSF)method,the results of which differed from the Open-Data Inventory for Anthropogenic Carbon dioxide(ODIAC).The CSF result was slightly larger than others because of the low sampling rate of the whole emission cross *** LUCCN system will be applied in future carbon monitoring campaigns to increase the spatiotemporal coverage of carbon emission information,especially in scenarios involving the detection of smaller-scale,rapidly varying sources and sinks.

关键词： CO_(2) measurement networks power station carbon emission cross-sectional flux method

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甲烷柱浓度红外高光谱遥感反演与验证

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遥感学报 2024年第8期28卷 1968-1985页

作者：周敏强倪启晨王佳欣蔡兆男南卫东王普才中国科学院大气物理研究所碳中和研究中心北京100029 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049 中国科学院大气物理研究所香河大气综合观测试验站廊坊065400

甲烷(CH_(4))浓度变化是当前气候变化研究中的一个焦点问题。红外高光谱遥感技术已经成为探测大气CH_(4)浓度变化的重要技术手段。本文针对红外高光谱CH_(4)地基遥感反演技术,介绍了国际上重要的观测网络,包括TCCON(Total Carbon Column... 详细信息

甲烷(CH_(4))浓度变化是当前气候变化研究中的一个焦点问题。红外高光谱遥感技术已经成为探测大气CH_(4)浓度变化的重要技术手段。本文针对红外高光谱CH_(4)地基遥感反演技术,介绍了国际上重要的观测网络,包括TCCON(Total Carbon Column Observing Network),NDACC-IRWG(Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change-the Infrared Working Group)和COCCON(COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network),讨论了这些观测网络的主要特点,包括观测仪器、波段设置、反演算法、产品特性等。针对红外高光谱CH_(4)浓度卫星遥感反演,概述了国际上的CH_(4)卫星遥感发展现状。同时,以日本GOSAT(Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite)卫星为例,探讨了卫星CH_(4)遥感地基验证工作中的关键技术,阐明了地基遥感对于卫星CH_(4)遥感产品改进的重要性。最后,利用TCCON香河站的观测资料,对最新版的TROPOMI(TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument)卫星CH_(4)观测反演数据产品进行了地基验证,表明在华北地区TROPOMI CH_(4)柱浓度产品达到了其观测精度目标设定要求;TROPOMI观测得到的CH_(4)柱浓度年增长率要略高于TCCON的观测结果,两者相差0.263±0.172%/a;地基与卫星的差值具有季节变化特征,春季卫星的观测值大于TCCON观测值约0.3%,秋季卫星的观测值小于TCCON观测值约0.2%。

关键词：遥感甲烷柱浓度地基傅里叶光谱卫星验证 TROPOMI

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Analysis of XCO_2 retrieval sensitivity using simulated Chinese Carbon Satellite(TanSat) measurements

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第8期57卷 1919-1928页

作者： cai zhaonan LIU Yi YANG DongXu Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

We present a study on the retrieval sensitivity of the column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of CO2(XCO2) for the Chinese carbon dioxide observation satellite(TanSat) with a full physical forward model and the optimal estimation technique. The forward model is based on the vector linearized discrete ordinate radiative transfer model(VLIDORT) and considers surface reflectance, gas absorption, and the scattering of air molecules, aerosol particles, and cloud particles. XCO2 retrieval errors from synthetic TanSat measurements show solar zenith angle(SZA), albedo dependence with values varying from 0.3 to 1 ppm for bright land surface in nadir mode and 2 to 8 ppm for dark surfaces like snow. The use of glint mode over dark oceans significantly improves the CO2 information retrieved. The aerosol type and profile are more important than the aerosol optical depth, and underestimation of aerosol plume height will introduce a bias of 1.5 ppm in XCO2. The systematic errors due to radiometric calibration are also estimated using a forward model simulation approach.

关键词： TanSat retrieval sensitivity retrieval error simulation XCO2

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Monitoring air pollution in China from geostationary satellite： A synthetic study using simulated observations

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第11期61卷 1622-1632页

作者： Xi CHEN zhaonan cai Yi LIU Dongxu YANG Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100079 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

We simulated geostationary satellite observations to assess the potential for high spatial-and temporal-resolution monitoring of air pollution in China with a focus on tropospheric ozone(O_3), nitrogen dioxide(NO_2), sulfur dioxide(SO_2), and formaldehyde(HCHO). Based on the capabilities and parameters of the payloads onboard sun-synchronous satellites, we simulated the observed spectrum based on a radiative transfer model using a geostationary satellite model. According to optimal estimation theory, we analyzed the sensitivities and retrieval uncertainties of the main parameters of the instrument for the target trace gases. Considering the retrieval error requirements of each trace gas, we determined the major instrument parameter values(e.g., observation channel, spectral resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio). To evaluate these values, retrieval simulation was performed based on the three-dimensional distribution of the atmospheric components over China using an atmospheric chemical transportation model. As many as 90% of the experiments met the retrieval requirements for all target gases. The retrieval precision of total-column and stratospheric O_3 was 2%. In addition, effective retrieval of all trace gases could be achieved at solar zenith angles larger than 70°. Therefore, the geostationary satellite observation and instrument parameters provided herein can be used in air pollution monitoring in China. This study offers a theoretical basis and simulation tool for improving the design of instruments onboard geostationary satellites.

关键词： Air pollution Geostationary satellite Instrument parameters Retrieval error

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A retrieval algorithm for TanSat XCO_2 observation: Retrieval experiments using GOSAT data

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第11期58卷 1520-1523页

作者： LIU Yi YANG DongXu cai zhaonan Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

This study developed a highly accurate retrieval algorithm for the column-averaged CO2 dry-air mixing ratio (XCO2) to be observed by TanSat, China's carbon dioxide observation satellite that will be launched in 2015. The Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) L1B spectrum was applied in retrieval experiment, and the results were validated with ground-observed measurements from the Total Column Carbon Observing Network (TCCON). At mid-latitudes, most results fell in the 1% error region, which correspond to the performance of GOSAT algorithm. The results also showed seasonal variation in XCO2 in both hemispheres.

关键词：检索算法实验观测卫星二氧化碳中纬度地区 SAT算法空气混合研究开发

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CH_4 retrieval from hyperspectral satellite measurements in shortwave infrared: sensitivity study and preliminary test with GOSAT data

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第14期59卷 1499-1507页

作者： Jianbo Deng Yi Liu Dongxu Yang zhaonan cai Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environmen Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

One of the important science requirements of monitoring atmospheric methane abundances from hyperspectral measurements is to establish a highly accurate retrieval *** paper aimed to describe a retrieval algorithm based on a series of sensitivity study with an effective and accurate forward model,which was applied to realize online calculation of absorption coefficient and backscattered solar *** sensitivity study consisted of band selection,interference factors analysis,and retrieval model *** band selection analysis indicated that the 1.65 lm band(5,900–6,150 cm-1)associated with the 2.06 lm band(4,800–4,900 cm-1)retained more than 90%of the information content of CH4,CO2,and temperature,and more than 85%of that of H2O in the *** of the interference factors showed that H2O,temperature,and CO2will cause unacceptable errors if they are not *** also showed that revising temperature and H2O with a profile model is more efficient than with a temperature offset and a H2O scale factor model.A preliminarily test using the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite Level 1B spectral data indicated that most of the retrieval errors were less than 1%,which is acceptable for methane flux estimation.

关键词：检索算法高光谱敏感性短波红外卫星测量甲烷测试正演模型

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Observations of Dynamic Turbulence in the Lower Stratosphere over Inner Mongolia Using a High-resolution Balloon Sensor Constant Temperature Anemometer

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第3期39卷 519-528页

作者： Xiaoyu REN Yi LIU zhaonan cai Yuli ZHANG Carbon Neutrality Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

We present characterizations of the dynamic turbulence in the lower stratosphere measured by a new balloon-based system designed for detecting finer scale dynamic turbulence. The balloon-based system included a constant temperature anemometer(CTA) operating at a sampling rate of 2 k Hz at an ascent speed of 5 m s^(-1)(corresponding to a vertical resolution of 2.5 mm), an industrial personal computer, batteries, sensors for ambient temperature and humidity, an A/D converter, and others. The system was successfully launched to 24 km altitude over Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Province. Results show the spatial intermittence of the turbulence layers, with clear boundaries between turbulent and nonturbulent regions. This is the first time that the dynamic turbulence spectrum down to the viscous sub-range has been obtained throughout the lower stratosphere over China. With that, the energy dissipation rates of dynamic turbulence could be calculated with high precision. The profile of the dissipation rates varied from 7.37 × 10^(-7) to 4.23 W kg^(-1) and increased with altitude in the stratosphere.

关键词： dynamic turbulence stratosphere balloon payload high spatial resolution dissipation rates Inner Mongolia

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The exceptionally strong and persistent Arctic stratospheric polar vortex in the winter of 2019–2020

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2021年第2期14卷 74-80页

作者： Yuli Zhang zhaonan cai Yi Liu Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The Arctic stratospheric polar vortex was exceptional strong,cold and persistent in the winter and spring of 2019–*** on reanalysis data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research and ozone observations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument,the authors investigated the dynamical variation of the stratospheric polar vortex during winter 2019–2020 and its influence on surface weather and ozone *** strong stratospheric polar vortex was affected by the less active upward propagation of planetary *** seasonal transition of the stratosphere during the stratospheric final warming event in spring 2020 occurred late due to the persistence of the polar vortex.A positive Northern Annular Mode index propagated from the stratosphere to the surface,where it was consistent with the Arctic Oscillation and North Atlantic Oscillation *** a result,the surface temperature in Eurasia and North America was generally warmer than the *** some places of Eurasia,the surface temperature was about 10 K warmer during the period from January to February *** most serious Arctic ozone depletion since 2004 has been observed since February *** mean total column ozone within 60°–90°N from March to 15 April was about 80 DU less than the climatology.

关键词： Arctic stratospheric polar vortex Warm winter Ozone depletion

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Monitoring Carbon Dioxide from Space：Retrieval Algorithm and Flux Inversion Based on GOSAT Data and Using CarbonTracker-China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第8期34卷 965-976页

作者： Dongxu YANG Huifang ZHANG Yi LIU Baozhang CHEN zhaonan cai Daren Lü Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographic Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023 China

Monitoring atmospheric carbon dioxide（CO_2） from space-borne state-of-the-art hyperspectral instruments can provide a high precision global dataset to improve carbon flux estimation and reduce the uncertainty of climate projection. Here, we introduce a carbon flux inversion system for estimating carbon flux with satellite measurements under the support of ＂The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences—Climate Change： Carbon Budget and Relevant Issues＂. The carbon flux inversion system is composed of two separate parts： the Institute of Atmospheric Physics Carbon Dioxide Retrieval Algorithm for Satellite Remote Sensing（IAPCAS）, and Carbon Tracker-China（CT-China）, developed at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite（GOSAT） measurements are used in the carbon flux inversion experiment. To improve the quality of the IAPCAS-GOSAT retrieval, we have developed a post-screening and bias correction method, resulting in 25%–30% of the data remaining after quality control. Based on these data, the seasonal variation of XCO_2（column-averaged CO_2dry-air mole fraction） is studied, and a strong relation with vegetation cover and population is identified. Then, the IAPCAS-GOSAT XCO_2 product is used in carbon flux estimation by CT-China. The net ecosystem CO_2 exchange is-0.34 Pg C yr^（-1）（±0.08 Pg C yr^（-1））, with a large error reduction of 84%, which is a significant improvement on the error reduction when compared with in situ-only inversion.

关键词： retrieval algorithm satellite remote sensing CO2 carbon flux GOSAT

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Detection of Anthropogenic CO_(2) Emission Signatures with TanSat CO_(2) and with Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor(S5P)NO_(2) Measurements:First Results

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第1期40卷 1-5页

作者： Dongxu YANG Janne HAKKARAINEN Yi LIU Iolanda IALONGO zhaonan cai Johanna TAMMINEN Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Finnish Meteorological Institute Helsinki FI-00560Finland

China’s first carbon dioxide(CO_(2))measurement satellite mission,TanSat,was launched in December *** paper introduces the first attempt to detect anthropogenic CO_(2) emission signatures using CO_(2) observations from TanSat and NO_(2) measurements from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument(TROPOMI)onboard the Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor(S5P)*** focus our analysis on two selected cases in Tangshan,China and Tokyo,*** found that the TanSat XCO_(2) measurements have the capability to capture the anthropogenic variations in the plume and have spatial patterns similar to that of the TROPOMI NO_(2) *** linear fit between TanSat XCO_(2) and TROPOMI NO_(2) indicates the CO_(2)-to-NO_(2) ratio of 0.8×10^(-16) ppm(molec cm^(-2))^(-1) in Tangshan and 2.3×10^(-16) ppm(molec cm^(-2))^(-1) in *** results align with the CO_(2)-to-NOx emission ratios obtained from the EDGAR v6 emission inventory.

关键词： TanSat CO_(2) Remote sensing city carbon emission climate change

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