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Nanofabrication of the gold scanning probe for the STM-SECM coupling system with nanoscale spatial resolution

Science China Chemistry 2017年第5期60卷 649-655页

作者： Fang-Fang Wang Wei Wang Xi He Lianhuan Han Jian-Zhang Zhou Zhong-Qun tian zhao-wu tian Dongping Zhan State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering College of Chemistry Liaoning Shihua University

Scanning probe is the key issue for the electrochemical scanning probe techniques(EC-SPM) such as EC-scanning tunnel microscopy(STM), EC-atomic force microscopy(AFM) and scanning electrochemical microscopy(SECM), especially the insulative encapsulation of the nanoelectrode probe for both positioning and electrochemical feedbacks. To solve this problem,we develop a novel fabrication method of the gold nanoelectrodes: firstly, a micropipette with nanomter-sized orifice was prepared as the template by a laser puller; secondly, the inside wall of micropipette apex was blocked by compact and conic Au nano-piece through electroless plating; thirdly, the Au nano-piece was grown by bipolar electroplating and connected with a silver wire as a current collector. The fabricated Au nanoelectrode has very good voltammetric responses for the electrodic processes of both mass transfer and adsorption. The advantage lies in that it is well encapsulated by a thin glass sealing layer with a RG value lowered to 1.3, which makes it qualified in the SECM-STM coupling mode. On one hand, it can serve as STM tip for positioning which ensures the high spatial resolution; on the other hand, it is a high-quality nanoelectrode to explore the local chemical activity of the substrate. The nanofabrication method may promote the SPM techniques to obtain simultaneously the physical and chemical images with nanoscale spatial resolution, which opens a new approach to tip chemistry in electrochemical nanocatalysis and tip-enhanced spectroscopy.

关键词： scanning probe SECM bipolar nanoelectrode electrochemical imaging

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Electropolishing of titanium alloy under hydrodynamic mode

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Science China Chemistry 2016年第11期59卷 1525-1528页

作者： Pei Huang Junhui Lai Lianhuan Han Fang-Zu Yang Li-Min Jiang Jian-Jia Su zhao-wu tian Zhong-Qun tian Dongping Zhan State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China School of Material Science and Engineering Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330034China

Titanium(Ti) alloys are widely used in aerospace industry due to the low density and high corrosion resistance. However, machining and polishing remain great challenges because of the hardness and chemical stability. With a home-made electrochemical machining workstation, cyclic voltammetry is performed at a wide potential range of [0 V, 20 V] to record the details of passivation and depassivation processes under a hydrodynamic mode. The results show that the thickness of viscous layer formed on the alloy surface plays a crucial effect on the electropolishing quality. The technical parameters, including the mechanical motion rate, polishing time and electrode gap, are optimized to achieve a surface roughness less than 1.9 nm, which shows a prospective application in the electrochemical machining of Ti and it alloys.

关键词： electrochemical machining electropolishing titanium alloy hydrodynamic viscous layer

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U-Pb zircon ages and petrogeochemistry and tectonic implications of gabbro and granite in southwest Lahad Datu area of Sabah, Malaysia

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第2期43卷 94-110页

作者： Zhigang zhao wu Tang Shixiang Liu Huafeng Tang Pujun Wang Zhiwen tian China National Offshore Oil Corporation(CNOOC)Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China

The southwest Lahad Datu felsic rocks were previously thought to have formed in the late Triassic as part of the microcontinental crystalline *** on U-Pb ages,geochemistry,and the Hfisotopes of zircon from the southeastern Sabah gabbro and granite,in this study,the tectonic properties of the Sabah area during the Triassic were *** weighted average U-Pb zircon ages of the gabbro and granite samples were determined to be(230.9±2.5)Ma and(207.1±3.3)Ma,*** granite had SiO_(2) contents of 66.54%-79.47%,low TiO_(2) contents of 0.08%-0.3%,Al_(2)O_(3) contents of 10.97%-16.22%,Na_(2)O contents of 5.91 %-6.39%,and low K_(2)O contents of 0.15%-0.65%.The chondrite-normalized rare earth element(REE) patterns exhibit light REE enrichment,with right-sloping *** primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagrams exhibit Th,U,La,Sr,and Zr enrichment and Nb,Ta,P and Ti depletions,i.e.,the geochemical characteristics of typical island arc igneous *** tectonic discriminant diagram indicates that the granite is a volcanic arc *** Hf isotopic an alysis of gabbro zircon revealed that the zircons have ε_(Hf)(t)values of 12.08-16.24(mean of 14.32) and two-stage model ages(t_(DM2)) of 223-491 Ma(mean of 347 Ma).This indicates that the diagenetic magma of the gabbro was mainly derived from melting of newly formed crustal *** ophiolite in southeast Sabah has existed since the early Late *** crystalline basement granite in southeastern S abah was emplaced lasted from late Triassic to early *** on previous studies and global plate reconstruction models,it is speculated that the southeastern Sabah granite may have been formed in an island arc setting,i.e.,where the oceanic crust of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean collided with the oceanic crust of the Panthalassa Ocean.

关键词： Sabah early late Triassic ophiolite granite tectonic properties

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Effect of oxide interactions on chromium speciation transformation during simulated municipal solid waste incineration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 11-20页

作者： Guodong zhao Chong tian Peidong wu Xuguang Zhang Zhikang Wang Xiaoxiang Chen Zhuo Xiong Yongchun zhao Junying Zhang State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China National Environmental Protection Engineering Technology Center for Trace Elements Pollution Control and Low Carbon Utilization of Coal Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Environmental Engineering Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China

Chromium released during municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI)is toxic and *** removal of chromium from simulated MSWI flue gas by four sorbents(CaO,bamboo charcoal(BC),powdered activated carbon(PAC),and Al_(2)O_(3))and the effects of four oxides(SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),Fe_(2)O_(3),and CaO)on chromium speciation transformationwere *** results showed that the removal rates of total Cr by the four sorbents were Al_(2)O_(3)

关键词： Cr(Ⅵ)reduction Cr(Ⅲ)oxidation Alkali oxides Acidic oxides Municipal solid waste incineration

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Frequency Domain Fatigue Evaluation on SCR Girth-Weld Based on Structural Stress

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第2期38卷 255-270页

作者： ZHANG Long zhao tian-feng College of Safety and Ocean Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

The Steel Catenary Riser(SCR)is a vital component for transporting oil and gas from the seabed to the floating *** harsh environmental conditions and complex platform motion make the SCR’s girth-weld prone to fatigue *** structural stress fatigue theory and Master S-N curve method provide accurate predictions for the fatigue damage on the welded joints,which demonstrate significant potential and compatibility in multi-axial and random fatigue ***,we propose a new frequency fatigue model subjected to welded joints of SCR under multiaxial stress,which fully integrates the mesh-insensitive structural stress and frequency domain random process and transforms the conventional welding fatigue technique of SCR into a spectrum analysis technique utilizing structural ***,a full-scale FE model of SCR with welds is established to obtain the modal structural stress of the girth weld and the frequency response function(FRF)of modal coordinate,and a biaxial fatigue evaluation about the girth weld of the SCR can be achieved by taking the effects of multi-load correlation and pipe-soil interaction into *** research results indicate that the frequency-domain fatigue results are aligned with the time-domain results,meeting the fatigue evaluation requirements of the SCR.

关键词： SCR girth weld random vibration self(cross)power spectrum structural stress method biaxial fatigue damage

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Development of SV2A Ligands for Epilepsy Treatment:A Review of Levetiracetam,Brivaracetam,and Padsevonil

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第5期40卷 594-608页

作者： Peng-Peng wu Bi-Rong Cao Fu-Yun tian zhao-Bing Gao Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesZhongshan528400China

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that is primarily treated with antiseizure medications(ASMs).Although dozens of ASMs are available in the clinic,approximately 30%of epileptic patients have medically refractory seizures;other limitations in most traditional ASMs include poor tolerability and drug-drug ***,there is an urgent need to develop alternative ***(LEV)is a first-line ASM that is well tolerated,has promising efficacy,and has little drug-drug *** it is widely accepted that LEV acts through a unique therapeutic target synaptic vesicle protein(SV)2A,the molecular basis of its action remains *** so,the next-generation SV2A ligands against epilepsy based on the structure of LEV have achieved clinical *** review highlights the research and development(R&D)process of LEV and its analogs,brivaracetam and padsevonil,to provide ideas and experience for the R&D of novel ASMs.

关键词： Levetiracetam Epilepsy Antiseizure medications Synaptic vesicle protein 2A Brivaracetam Padsevonil

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An arch-shape wood evaporator decorated by metal-organic framework for solar interface evaporation

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6661-6672页

作者： tiantian wu Liming zhao Yaning Xu Ziwei Cui Lixing Kang Yahui Cai Zupeng Chen Dan tian Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

To achieve sustainable desalination and water purification,solar interface evaporation technology is an effective means due to its high energy *** photothermal conversion materials and surface design are crucial for the interfacial solar evaporation *** to design water transport routes and thermal insulating layers simultaneously is one of the major challenges to solar interface evaporation technology ***,this work reports an arch-shaped wood evaporator(pine@carbon black(CB)-metal-organic framework-801(MOF-801)-36%)for efficient,fast and continuous interfacial solar evaporation,which is composed of an arch-shaped wood substrate,MOF-801,and CB as a light absorption *** archshaped structure has a double-sided evaporation effect,which has a synergistic effect on augmenting solar evaporation *** addition,the in-situ growth of MOF-801 in pretreated wood microchannels renders the wood evaporator a significant function of reducing the equivalent enthalpy of evaporation due to the reduction of the hydrogen bonding density of water molecules as they pass through the wood *** best evaporation rate of the arch-shaped wood evaporator can reach 2.535 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1),and the efficiency reaches 93.7%under the irradiation of 1 sun ***,it could be used for desalination and wastewater treatment to collect fresh water that meets drinking requirements set by the World Health Organization(WHO).This integrated evaporator provides an efficient way for commercial portable photothermal conversion and new ideas for advanced solar-driven water treatment technology.

关键词： arch-shaped solar evaporation wood metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) double-sided evaporation

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A viral movement protein targets host catalases for 26S proteasome-mediated degradation to facilitate viral infection and aphid transmission in wheat

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 614-630页

作者： Shuyuan tian Qingting Song Wenmei Zhou Jingke Wang Yanbin Wang Wei An Yunfeng wu Lei zhao State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management Ministry of EducationCollege of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

The infection of host plants by many different viruses causes reactive oxygen species(Ros)accumulation and yellowing symptoms,but the mechanisms through which plant viruses counteract RoS-mediated immunity to facilitate infection and symptom development have not been fully *** plant viruses are transmitted by insect vectors in the field,but the molecular mechanisms underlying virus-host-insect interactions are *** this study,we investigated the interactions among wheat,barley yellow dwarf virus(BYDV),and its aphid vector and found that the BYDV movement protein(MP)interacts with both wheat catalases(CATs)and the 26S proteasomeubiquitin receptor non-ATPase regulatorysubunit2homolog(PSMD2)to facilitate the 26S proteasome-mediateddegradation of CATs,promotingviral infection,disease symptom development,and aphid *** of the BYDV MP gene in wheat enhanced the degradation of CATs,which leading to increased accumulation of ROS and thereby enhanced viral ***,transgenic wheat lines overexpressing BYDV MP showed significantly reduced proliferation of wingless aphids and an increased number of winged *** with this observation,silencing of CAT genes also enhanced viral accumulation and reduced the proliferation of wingless aphids but increased the occurrence of winged *** contrast,transgenic wheat plants overexpressing TaCAT1 exhibited the opposite changes and showed increases in grain size and weight upon infection with *** assays demonstrated that BYDV MP interacts with PSMD2 and promotes 26S proteasome-mediated degradation of TaCAT1 likely in a ubiquitination-independent ***,our study reveals a molecular mechanism by which a plant virus manipulates the Ros production system of host plants to facilitate viral infection and transmission,shedding new light on the sophisticated interactions among viruses,host plants,and insect vectors.

关键词： babarley yellow dwarf virus movement protein reactive oxygen species aphid catalase 26S proteasomeubiquitin receptor PSMD2

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An Experimental Study on the Effect of a Nanofluid on Oil-Water Relative Permeability

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第6期20卷 1265-1277页

作者： Hui tian Dandan zhao Yannan wu Xingyu Yi Jun Ma Xiang Zhou Baikouquan Oil Production Plant PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield CompanyKaramay834000China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration Development PetroChina Liaohe OilfieldPanjin124010China Petroleum Engineering School Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Oil and Gas Development Haosheng Xincheng Energy TechnologyLtd.of SicuanChengdu610213China

The low porosity and low permeability of tight oil reservoirs call for improvements in the current technologies for oil *** chemical solutions with large molecular size cannot effectively flow through the nanopores of the *** this study,the feasibility of Nanofluids has been investigated using a high pressure high temperature core-holder and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).The results of the experiments indicate that the specified Nanofluids can enhance the tight oil recovery *** water and oil relative permeability curve shifts to the high water saturation side after Nanofluid flooding,thereby demonstrating an increase in the water wettability of the *** the Nanofluid flooding process the oil recovery was enhanced by 15.1%,compared to waterflooding *** T2 spectra using the NMR show that after Nanofluid flooding,a 7.18%increment in oil recovery factor was gained in the small pores,a 4.9%increase in the middle pores,and a 0.29%increase in the large *** results confirm that the Nanofluids can improve the flow state in micro-sized pores inside the core and increase the ultimate oil recovery factor.

关键词： Tight oil reservoir nanofluid relative permeability nuclear magnetic resonance T2 spectrum

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Enhanced UAV Pursuit-Evasion Using Boids Modelling:A Synergistic Integration of Bird Swarm Intelligence and DRL

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 3523-3553页

作者： Weiqiang Jin Xingwu tian Bohang Shi Biao zhao Haibin Duan Hao wu School of Information and Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic and Information EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China China Academy of Electronics and Information Technology China Electronics Technology Group Corporation(CETC)Beijing100041China Department ofAutomatic Control School of Automation Science and Electrical EngineeringBeihangUniversityBeijing100191China

TheUAV pursuit-evasion problem focuses on the efficient tracking and capture of evading targets using unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),which is pivotal in public safety applications,particularly in scenarios involving intrusion monitoring and *** address the challenges of data acquisition,real-world deployment,and the limited intelligence of existing algorithms in UAV pursuit-evasion tasks,we propose an innovative swarm intelligencebased UAV pursuit-evasion control framework,namely“Boids Model-based DRL Approach for Pursuit and Escape”(Boids-PE),which synergizes the strengths of swarm intelligence from bio-inspired algorithms and deep reinforcement learning(DRL).The Boids model,which simulates collective behavior through three fundamental rules,separation,alignment,and cohesion,is adopted in our *** integrating Boids model with the Apollonian Circles algorithm,significant improvements are achieved in capturing UAVs against simple evasion *** further enhance decision-making precision,we incorporate a DRL algorithm to facilitate more accurate strategic *** also leverage self-play training to continuously optimize the performance of pursuit *** experimental evaluation,we meticulously designed both one-on-one and multi-to-one pursuit-evasion scenarios,customizing the state space,action space,and reward function models for each *** simulations,supported by the PyBullet physics engine,validate the effectiveness of our proposed *** overall results demonstrate that Boids-PE significantly enhance the efficiency and reliability of UAV pursuit-evasion tasks,providing a practical and robust solution for the real-world application of UAV pursuit-evasion missions.

关键词： UAV pursuit-evasion swarm intelligence algorithm Boids model deep reinforcement learning self-play training

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