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Artemisia argyi extract subfraction exerts an antifungal effect against dermatophytes by disrupting mitochondrial morphology and function

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第1期22卷 47-61页

作者： CHEN Le ZHU Yunyun GUO Chaowei GUO Yujie zhao lu MIAO Yuhuan DU Hongzhi LIU Dahui College of Pharmacy Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065China National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China College of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China

Artemisia argyi(A.argyi),a plant with a longstanding history as a raw material for traditional medicine and functional diets in Asia,has been used traditionally to bathe and soak feet for its disinfectant and itch-relieving properties.Despite its widespread use,scientific evidence validating the antifungal efficacy of A.argyi water extract(AAWE)against dermatophytes,particularly Trichophyton rubrum,Trichophyton mentagrophytes,and Microsporum gypseum,remains limited.This study aimed to substantiate the scientific basis of the folkloric use of A.argyi by evaluating the antifungal effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms of its active subfraction against dermatophytes.The results indicated that AAWE exhibited excellent antifungal effects against the three aforementioned dermatophyte species.The subfraction AAWE6,isolated using D101 macroporous resin,emerged as the most potent subfraction.The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs)of AAWE6 against T.rubrum,M.gypseum,and T.mentagrophytes were 312.5,312.5,and 625μg·mL−1,respectively.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)results and assays of enzymes linked to cell wall integrity and cell membrane function indicated that AAWE6 could penetrate the external protective barrier of T.rubrum,creating breaches(“small holes”),and disrupt the internal mitochondrial structure(“granary”).Furthermore,transcriptome data,quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR),and biochemical assays corroborated the severe disruption of mitochondrial function,evidenced by inhibited tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle and energy metabolism.Additionally,chemical characterization and molecular docking analyses identified flavonoids,primarily eupatilin(131.16±4.52 mg·g^(−1))and jaceosidin(4.17±0.18 mg·g^(−1)),as the active components of AAWE6.In conclusion,the subfraction AAWE6 from A.argyi exerts antifungal effects against dermatophytes by disrupting mitochondrial morphology and function.This research validates the traditional use of A.argyi and provides scientific support for its antidermatophytic applicati

关键词： Artemisia argyi Dermatophyte Antifungal activity Mitochondrial structure Mitochondrial function Transcriptome analysis

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Books and Movies

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The World of Chinese 2024年第2期 100-101页

作者： zhao lu

Fang Si-Chi's First Love Paradise(HarperCollins Publishers,May 21)Lin Yi-han's debut novel is based on her experience of sexual trauma.Devastatingly,it was also her last work,with the Taiwan Residents author taking he... 详细信息

关键词： Taiwan Harper Books

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Well-dispersed Sb particles embedded on N-doped carbon nanofibers toward high-performance Li-ion battery

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 2994-3006页

作者： Ying Li Yi-Han zhao lu-lu zhao Peng-Fei Wang Ying Xie Ting-Feng Yi School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern University Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material Hebei Province School of Resources and MaterialsNortheastern University at Qinhuangdao Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHeilongjiang University

The alloy-type material Sb is widely used in the anode materials of lithium-ion batteries（LIBs） due to its high theoretical specific capacity.However,its serious volume expansion problem during alloying/dealloying of Li+limits its practical application.In this work,C-Sb composite was constructed as anode material of LIBs by electrospinning route for the first time,Sb was introduced into the polyacrylonitrile-based hard carbon and coal tar pitch-based soft carbon composite amorphous carbon fiber with a diameter of 300-600 nm,which realized high cycling stability.The C-Sb-2（the mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile to Sb source is 1:2） electrode displayed charge capacities of 1098.5,930.3,841.7,753.5,643.9 and 545.8 mAh·g-1at 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.5,1 and 2 A·g-1,respectively.And when the current density returned to 0.1 A·g-1,the charge capacity was 939.3 mAh·g-1,revealing good stability and reversibility.The introduction of Sb into the amorphous carbon improved its conductivity and addressed the volume expansion issue of high specific capacity Sb during charge/discharge.Ex-situ XRD analysis confirmed the high reversibility of the C-Sb-2 during charging and discharging.Density functional theory（DFT） calculations revealed the gradual enhancement of the interface interaction between SbxLiyand amorphous carbon（AMC） with increasing lithium content,contributing to the anchoring of alloy nanoparticles on the AMC surface and buffering the volume change of the alloy.Moreover,the gradual lithiation of Sb facilitated the electron transfer from SbxLiyto AMC.These findings hold promise for designing lithium storage materials with exceptional performance,highlighting the potential of C-Sb composites as anode materials for efficient next-generation lithium storage.

关键词： Li-ion battery Metallic Sb Carbon Electrospinning Cycling stability

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Echo State Network Based on Improved Knowledge Distillation for Edge Intelligence

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 101-111页

作者： Jian ZHOU Yuwen JIANG Lijie XU lu zhao Fu XIAO College of Computer Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks

Echo state network(ESN) as a novel artificial neural network has drawn much attention from time series prediction in edge intelligence. ESN is slightly insufficient in long-term memory, thereby impacting the prediction performance. It suffers from a higher computational overhead when deploying on edge devices. We firstly introduce the knowledge distillation into the reservoir structure optimization, and then propose the echo state network based on improved knowledge distillation(ESN-IKD) for edge intelligence to improve the prediction performance and reduce the computational overhead. The model of ESN-IKD is constructed with the classic ESN as a student network, the long and short-term memory network as a teacher network, and the ESN with double loop reservoir structure as an assistant network. The student network learns the long-term memory capability of the teacher network with the help of the assistant network. The training algorithm of ESN-IKD is proposed to correct the learning direction through the assistant network and eliminate the redundant knowledge through the iterative pruning. It can solve the problems of error learning and redundant learning in the traditional knowledge distillation process. Extensive experimental simulation shows that ESN-IKD has a good time series prediction performance in both long-term and short-term memory, and achieves a lower computational overhead.

关键词： Echo state network Reservoir structure optimization Knowledge distillation Edge intelligence Time series prediction

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The RNA m^(6)A demethylase ALKBH5 drives emergency granulopoiesis and neutrophil mobilization by upregulating G-CSFR expression

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 6-18页

作者： Yang Liu Renjie Song Zhike lu lu zhao Xinyi Zhan Yini Li Xuetao Cao Department of Immunology Center for ImmunotherapyInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSuzhouChina Frontier Research Center for Cell Response Institute of ImmunologyCollege of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjinChina School of Life Sciences Westlake UniversityHangzhouChina

Emergency granulopoiesis and neutrophil mobilization that can be triggered by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)through its receptor G-CSFR are essential for antibacterial innate defense.However,the epigenetic modifiers crucial for intrinsically regulating G-CSFR expression and the antibacterial response of neutrophils remain largely unclear.N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)RNA modification and the related demethylase alkB homolog 5(ALKBH5)are key epigenetic regulators of immunity and inflammation,but their roles in neutrophil production and mobilization are still unknown.We used cecal ligation and puncture(CLP)-induced polymicrobial sepsis to model systemic bacterial infection,and we report that ALKBH5 is required for emergency granulopoiesis and neutrophil mobilization.ALKBH5 depletion significantly impaired the production of immature neutrophils in the bone marrow of septic mice.In addition,Alkbh5-deficient septic mice exhibited higher retention of mature neutrophils in the bone marrow and defective neutrophil release into the circulation,which led to fewer neutrophils at the infection site than in their wild-type littermates.During bacterial infection,ALKBH5 imprinted production-and mobilization-promoting transcriptome signatures in both mouse and human neutrophils.Mechanistically,ALKBH5 erased m^(6)A methylation on the CSF3R mRNA to increase the mRNA stability and protein expression of G-CSFR,consequently upregulating cell surface G-CSFR expression and downstream STAT3 signaling in neutrophils.The RIP-qPCR results confirmed the direct binding of ALKBH5 to the CSF3R mRNA,and the binding strength declined upon bacterial infection,accounting for the decrease in G-CSFR expression on bacteria-infected neutrophils.Considering these results collectively,we define a new role of ALKBH5 in intrinsically driving neutrophil production and mobilization through m^(6)A demethylation-dependent posttranscriptional regulation,indicating that m^(6)A RNA modification in neutrophils is a potential target for treating bacteria

关键词： Emergency granulopoiesis Neutrophil mobilization ALKBH5 m^(6)A RNA modification G-CSF receptor

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Early diagnostic value of carotid artery ultrasound parameters combined with epicardial adipose layer thickness in coronary heart disease

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 3004-3011页

作者： Min Xu zhao-Yang lu Department of Ultrasound Suzhou Ninth People's HospitalSuzhou 215200Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease is associated with coronary atherosclerosis indicated by carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT)thickening and altered vascular elasticity.The epicardial adipose layer can secrete proinflammatory factors that promote the formation of coronary atherosclerosis.Thus,the epicardial fat layer thickness(EAT)may also predict coronary heart disease.AIM To determine the role of common carotid artery ultrasound parameters and EAT in the early diagnosis of coronary artery disease.METHODS Based on coronary angiography,patients with newly suspected coronary heart disease were divided into case(n=107)and control(n=41)groups.The carotid ultrasound parameters,including vascular stiffness(β),elastic coefficient(EP),pulse wave conduction velocity(PWV-β),CIMT,and EAT were compared between the case and control groups and among patients with different lesion numbers in the case group.Pearson correlation was used to evaluate the early diagnostic value of EAT,common carotid artery elasticity,and CIMT for coronary heart disease.RESULTS EP,β,PWV-β,CIMT,and EAT were significantly higher in the case group compared with the levels in the control group(all PluSION EAT correlated well with changes in carotid artery elasticity and CIMT in patients with coronary heart disease.The combination of EAT,carotid artery elasticity,and CIMT facilitates the early diagnosis of coronary heart disease.

关键词： Carotid artery Ultrasound Epicardial adipose layer thickness Coronary heart disease Early diagnosis

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Numerical analysis of slope collapse using SPH and the SIMSAND critical state model

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第1期14卷 169-179页

作者： zhao lu Zhuang Jin Panagiotis Kotronis Civil and Environmental Engineering University of MacaoMacaoChina Research and Development Center Shenzhen Foundation Engineering Co.Ltd.Shenzhen518000China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou510000China Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518000China Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique(GeM) École Centrale de NantesUniversitéde NantesRue de la NoëNantes44321France

Geological disasters such as slope failure and landslides can cause loss of life and property.Therefore,reproducing their evolution process is of great importance for risk assessment and mitigation.The recently developed SIMSAND critical state sand model combined with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method is adopted in this work to study slope failure under large deformations.To illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the SIMSAND-SPH approach,a series of slope collapse studies using the discrete element method(DEM)considering various particle shapes(i.***.spherical,tetrahedral and elongated)is adopted as benchmarks.The parameters of the SIMSAND model are calibrated using DEM triaxial tests.In comparison to the DEM simulations,the runout distance and final slope height are well characterized with the SIMSAND-SPH approach with less computational cost.All comparisons show that the SIMSAND-SPH approach is highly efficient and accurate,which can be an alternative numerical tool to simulate real scale granular flow.

关键词： Granular material Smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) Large deformations Landslide Critical state Slope failure Sand

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Phase field modeling of grain stability of nanocrystalline alloys by explicitly incorporating mismatch strain

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3370-3382页

作者： Min Zhou Hong-Hui Wu Yuan Wu Hui Wang Xiong-Jun Liu Sui-He Jiang Xiao-Bin Zhang zhao-Ping lu Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Institute for Carbon Neutrality University of Science and Technology Institute of Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of Materials

Ab st ra ct Nanocrystalline materials exhibit unique properties due to their extremely high grain boundary(GB) density.However,this high-density characteristic induces grain coarsening at elevated temperatures,thereby limiting the widespread application of nanocrystalline materials.Recent experimental observations revealed that GB segregation and second-phase pinning effectively hinder GB migration,thereby improving the stability of nanocry stalline materials.In this study,a mouified phase-field model that integrates mismatch strain,solute segregation and precipitation was developed to evaluate the influence of lattice misfit on the thermal stability of nanocrystalline alloys.The simulation results indicated that introducing a suitable mismatch strain can effectively enhance the microstructural stability of nanocrystalline alloys.By synergizing precipitation with an appropriate lattice misfit,the formation of second-phase particles in the bulk grains can be suppressed,thereby facilitating solute segregation/precipitation at the GBs.This concentrated solute segregation and precipitation at the GBs effectively hinders grain migration,thereby preventing grain coarsening.These findings provide a new perspective on the design and regulation of nanocrystalline alloys with enhanced thermal stability.

关键词： Phase field model Mismatch strain Second-phase precipitation Grain boundary segregation Nanocrystalline alloys

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Efficient alloy design of Sr-modified A356 alloys driven by computational thermodynamics and machine learning

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第17期112卷 277-290页

作者： Wang Yi Guangchen Liu zhao lu Jianbao Gao Lijun Zhang State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information MaterialsGuilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China

A356 alloys are widely used in industries due to their excellent comprehensive performance.Sr is usually added in A356 alloys to improve their mechanical properties.There have been various experimental reports on the optimal additional amount of Sr in A356 alloys,but their results are inevitably inconsistent.In this paper,a combination of computational thermodynamic and machine learning approaches was employed to determine the optimal Sr content in A356 alloys with the best mechanical properties.First,a self-consistent thermodynamic database of quaternary Al-Si-Mg-Sr system was established by means of the Calculation of PHAse Diagram technique supported by key experiments.Second,the fractions for solidified phase/structures of A356-xSr alloys predicted by Scheil simulation,together with the measured mechanical properties were set as the input dataset in the machine learning model to train the relation of“composition-microstructure-properties”.The optimal addition of Sr in A356 alloy was designed as 0.005 wt.%and validated by key experiments.Furthermore,such a combinatorial approach can help to understand the strengthening/toughening mechanisms of Sr-modified A356 alloys.It is also anticipated that the present approach may provide a feasible means for efficient and accurate design of various casting alloys and understanding the alloy strengthening/toughening mechanisms.

关键词： Cast aluminum alloys Alloy design Computational thermodynamics Machine learning Strengthening/toughening mechanisms

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Heterostructure design of MOFs derived Co_(9)S_(8)/FeCoS_(2)/C composite with efficient microwave absorption and waterproof functions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第34期129卷 15-26页

作者： Runrun Cheng Yan Wang Xiaochuang Di zhao lu Ping Wang Xinming Wu School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Xi’an Technological UniversityXi’an 710021China

At present, the problem of electromagnetic wave(EMW) pollution is critical, and the design of highperformance absorbers is of great significance. Based on the synergy between dielectric and magnetic losses, and between multicomponents in heterostructures, the development of light-weight absorbers with a strong absorption capability and multiple scattering is a promising strategy to achieve highperformance absorbers. In this work, CoFe-MOF precursors with a bouquet-like structure were prepared via the hydrothermal method, and Co_(7)Fe_(3)/C and Co_(9)S_(8)/FeCoS_(2)/C composites were obtained through a carbonization and sulfuration treatment during the high-temperature pyrolysis process, respectively. The experimental and theoretical results show that the Co_(9)S_(8)/FeCoS_(2)/C composite has a better EMW absorption performance, and its optimal reflection loss(RL) value is-53.9 d B at a low filler loading of 20 wt.%,which is due to the S doping that enhances the interface polarization relaxation process and improves the impedance matching characteristics. Moreover, the Co_(9)S_(8)/FeCoS_(2)/C composite can be as candidates of high-efficiency absorbers in extreme application environments.

关键词： Electromagnetic absorption Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) Bouquet-like CoFe-MOF Sulfur doping

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