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Organic matter transformation ratio, hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency and shale oil enrichment type in Chang 7_(3) shale of Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, NW China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2023年第1期50卷 14-26页

作者： zhao wenzhi BIAN Congsheng LI Yongxin LIU Wei DONG Jin WANG Kun ZENG Xu ZWZ Academician Research Studio PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&DevelopmentBeijing 100083China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

The major enrichment type of shale oil in the Chang 7_(3) shale of Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin is *** paper analyzes the organic matter transformation ratio,hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency and roof/floor sealing conditions of the Chang 7_(3) shale,and evaluates the major enrichment type of shale oil in this *** average organic matter transformation ratio of the Chang 7_(3) shale is about 45%;in other words,more than 50%of the organic matters have not transformed to hydrocarbons,and the lower the maturity,the greater the proportion of untransformed organic *** cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of the transformed hydrocarbon is 27.5% on average,and the total proportion of untransformed organic matters plus retained hydrocarbons is greater than 70%.The relative hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of the Chang 7_(3) shale is 60%on average,that is,about 40% of hydrocarbons retain in the *** Chang 7_(3) shale corresponds to Chang 7_(1+2) and Chang 8 sandstones as the roof and floor,respectively,and is further overlaid by Chang 6 shale,where extensive low porosity and low permeability–tight oil reservoirs have formed in the parts with relatively good porosity and ***,the Chang 7_(3) shale is tested to be in a negative pressure system(the pressure coefficient of 0.80–0.85).Therefore,the roof/floor sealing conditions of the Chang 7_(3) shale are *** retained hydrocarbons appear mostly in absorbed status,with low *** is concluded that the medium–high mature shale oil is not the major enrichment type of shale oil in the Chang 7_(3) shale,but there may be enrichment opportunity for shale oil with good mobility in the areas where the sealing conditions are good without faults and fractures and oil reservoirs are formed off Chang 7_(1+2),Chang 6 and Chang ***,low–medium mature shale oil is believed to have great potential and is the major enrichment type of shale oil in the C

关键词： organic matter transformation ratio hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency sealing condition continental shale oil major enrichment type Chang 7_(3)shale Triassic Ordos Basin

Evapotranspiration of an oasis-desert transition zone in the middle stream of Heihe River, Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第5期6卷 529-539页

作者： LiWen zhao wenzhi zhao Linze Inland River Basin Research Station Chinese Ecosystem Network Research Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

As a main component in water balance, evapotranspiration is of great importance for water saving and irrigation-measure making, especially in arid or semiarid regions. Although studies of evapotranspiration have been conducted for a long time, studies concentrated on oasis-desert transition zone are very limited. On the basis of the meteorological data and other parameters（e.g. leaf area index（LAI）） of an oasis-desert transition zone in the middle stream of Heihe River from 2005 to 2011, this paper calculated both reference（ET0） and actual evapotranspiration（ETc） using FAO56 Penman-Monteith and Penman-Monteith models, respectively. In combination with pan evaporation（Ep） measured by E601 pan evaporator, four aspects were analyzed：（1） ET0 was firstly verified by Ep;（2） Characteristics of ET0 and ETc were compared, while the influencing factors were also analyzed;（3） Since meteorological data are often unavailable for estimating ET0 through FAO56 Penman-Monteith model in this region, pan evaporation coefficient（Kp） is very important when using observed Ep to predict ET0. Under this circumstance, an empirical formula of Kp was put forward for this region;（4） Crop coefficient（Kc）, an important index to reflect evapotranspiration, was also analyzed. Results show that mean annual values of ET0 and ETc were 840 and 221 mm, respectively. On the daily bases, ET0 and ETc were 2.3 and 0.6 mm/d, respectively. The annual tendency of ET0 and ETc was very similar, but their amplitude was obviously different. The differences among ET0 and ETc were mainly attributed to the different meteorological variables and leaf area index. The calculated Kc was about 0.25 and showed little variation during the growing season, indicating that available water（e.g. precipitation and irrigation） of about 221 mm/a was required to keep the water balance in this region. The results provide an comprehensive analysis of evapotranspiration for an oasis-desert transition zone in the middle stream of Heihe

关键词： evapotranspiration pan evaporation water requirement arid region oasis-desert transition zone

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深共晶溶剂在生态地质样品分析中的应用研究

华东地质 2024年第1期45卷 78-87页

作者：赵文志谢旭张兵兵张锦涛何添中国地质调查局哈尔滨自然资源综合调查中心黑龙江哈尔滨150039 东北地质科技创新中心辽宁沈阳110034 自然资源部哈尔滨黑土地地球关键带野外科学观测研究站黑龙江哈尔滨150086

新型绿色溶剂的开发和利用是当前的研究热点。将绿色溶剂替代传统溶剂用于生态地质样品前处理过程,可以减少对实验人员及环境的危害。深共晶溶剂因其具有可生物降解性、低环境影响、低成本和易于合成等优点,逐渐被应用于生态地质样品中... 详细信息

新型绿色溶剂的开发和利用是当前的研究热点。将绿色溶剂替代传统溶剂用于生态地质样品前处理过程,可以减少对实验人员及环境的危害。深共晶溶剂因其具有可生物降解性、低环境影响、低成本和易于合成等优点,逐渐被应用于生态地质样品中分析物的提取和分离。文章在介绍深共晶溶剂的概念、制备方法和主要理化特性的基础上,综述了该技术在水、土壤和生物样品检测中的最新研究进展,并对其应用前景进行了展望,认为深共晶溶剂是一类有望替代传统有毒有害溶剂的新型绿色溶剂,但仍需要解决其高黏度的缺点,同时要加强提取机理研究和与多种检测方法联用技术的研究。

关键词：深共晶溶剂生态地质样品绿色化学样品制备提取技术

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基于陷阱法采集的河西走廊戈壁荒漠甲虫数据集

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生物多样性 2024年第2期32卷 91-97页

作者：任嘉隆王永珍冯怡琳赵文智严祺涵秦畅方静辛未冬刘继亮山西师范大学地理科学学院太原030031 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院临泽内陆河流域研究站兰州730000 宁夏大学生态环境学院银川750021

戈壁荒漠甲虫多样性对气候变化和人类活动干扰的响应十分敏感,甲虫数量、多样性及其功能性状可用于评估戈壁荒漠生态系统的健康与稳定。戈壁荒漠甲虫分布及多样性月动态变化数据积累可为荒漠生态系统动物多样性保护与维持机制研究提供... 详细信息

戈壁荒漠甲虫多样性对气候变化和人类活动干扰的响应十分敏感,甲虫数量、多样性及其功能性状可用于评估戈壁荒漠生态系统的健康与稳定。戈壁荒漠甲虫分布及多样性月动态变化数据积累可为荒漠生态系统动物多样性保护与维持机制研究提供数据支撑。河西走廊中部是戈壁荒漠主要分布区之一,2012年研究组在河西走廊中部的甘肃省临泽县北部干旱荒漠国家沙化土地封禁保护区内建立了地表甲虫分布及多样性的长期监测样地。本数据主要汇集了戈壁荒漠地表甲虫物种组成、物种照片、活动节律、数量及功能性状信息数据。该数据集可用于典型荒漠甲虫种属识别、典型甲虫种功能性状比对及其时空分布格局对气候变化及人类活动扰动的响应研究。

关键词：河西走廊戈壁荒漠地表甲虫功能性状活动节律

陆相中高成熟页岩油“组分流动”条件及其在提高页岩油产量中的作用

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石油勘探与开发 2024年第4期51卷 720-730页

作者：赵文智卞从胜李永新刘伟秦冰蒲秀刚江建林刘诗局关铭董劲申玉坦中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083 中国石油勘探开发研究院赵文智院士工作室北京100083 中国石化石油化工科学研究院北京100083 中国石油大港油田公司勘探开发研究院天津300280

基于中国陆相页岩油区重点试采井的生产曲线、生产制度、烃产物数量和产出烃构成随时间的变化等资料,开展页岩油精细馏分切割和页岩油组成变化对宏观流动性影响的试验以及分子动力学数值模拟,提出页岩油“组分流动”概念,并对组分流动... 详细信息

基于中国陆相页岩油区重点试采井的生产曲线、生产制度、烃产物数量和产出烃构成随时间的变化等资料,开展页岩油精细馏分切割和页岩油组成变化对宏观流动性影响的试验以及分子动力学数值模拟,提出页岩油“组分流动”概念,并对组分流动的形成机理与条件进行探讨。研究表明:(1)在地下页岩微纳米孔隙中,轻烃、中质烃和重烃会按相似相溶原理发生混相,使重烃等难流动组分以分子聚集体方式“悬浮”在轻烃和中质烃溶剂中,从而显著降低其黏度并增加流动性和流动量;(2)小分子芳烃是组分流动发生的载体,气态烃和轻烃含量越高,越利于抑制胶质和沥青等重组分形成尺寸更大的聚集体,并增加其塑性变形能力,组分流动效果越好;(3)较高的地层温度可降低蜡质等重烃组分黏度,提高其流动性;(4)保存条件、地层能量和生产制度对控制轻烃组分含量、流出速度和形成稳定的“组分流动”都有重要作用,是页岩油多组分烃形成最优配伍和最大流动量的重要影响因素。地下页岩油“组分流动”概念的提出对于提高页岩油单井产量和累计采出量具有重要意义。

关键词：陆相纯页岩型页岩油中高成熟页岩油微纳米孔隙多组分烃组分流动相似相溶分子聚集体

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高效液相色谱法测定水中草甘膦

工业微生物 2024年第2期54卷 128-130页

作者：谢旭赵文志姜士龙孟军方晶晶中国地质调查局哈尔滨自然资源综合调查中心黑龙江哈尔滨150086 湖北国土资源职业学院湖北武汉430000

文章研究利用高效液相色谱法测定水中草甘膦这一分析方法的有效性。用C_(18)(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以磷酸盐缓冲液、乙腈为磷酸盐缓冲液(35∶65,V/V)为流动相,流速为1.0m L/min,用高效液相色谱法进行测定;检测波长为302 nm。该... 详细信息

文章研究利用高效液相色谱法测定水中草甘膦这一分析方法的有效性。用C_(18)(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以磷酸盐缓冲液、乙腈为磷酸盐缓冲液(35∶65,V/V)为流动相,流速为1.0m L/min,用高效液相色谱法进行测定;检测波长为302 nm。该方法检出限为0.063μg/L,相对标准偏差为0.10%。对于试验中草甘膦的回收率表现出了高度准确性,回收率范围达到了97.6%~100.1%。在10μg/L目标物本底质量浓度下进行加标试验,回收率表现为97.57%;而在100μg/L目标物本底质量浓度下的加标试验中,回收率则显著提高至99.8%;150μg/L目标物本底质量浓度的加标回收率达到了99.2%。该方法检测结果准确、可靠,且回收率较高,适用于检测水中草甘膦。

关键词：草甘膦高效液相色谱法分析方法验证

The ecological role of dew in assisting seed germination of the annual desert plant species in a desert environment, northwestern China

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第2期8卷 264-271页

作者： ZHUANG Yanli zhao wenzhi Linze Inland River Basin Research Station Chinese Ecosystem Research Network Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

It is important to understand the effects of dew events on non-mucilaginous seed germination of annual desert plant species during dry seasons, which is critical to maintaining long-term soil seed banks in a harsh desert environment. We hypothesize that dew deposition also assists in the non-mucilaginous seed germination of annual desert species. A common field dew treatment experiment was conducted in the Linze Inland River Basin Research Station to investigate the effects of dew deposition on the seed germination of four annual species, including Agriophyllum squarrosum, Corispermum mongoficum, Bassia dasyphylla and Halogeton arachnoideus. The results showed that the presence of dew significantly increased seed germination percentages and decreased the nonviable seed percentages of B. dasyphylla and H. arachnoideus, whereas there was no such trend for the seeds of C. mongolicum and A. squarrosum. The ecological effects of dew on the seed germination and viability of the annual desert plants were species specific. Although dew wetting is insufficient to cause seed germination, it may help in priming the seeds.

关键词： dew deposition seeds hydration and dehydration seeds viability

The effect of hydrologic process changes on NDVI in the desert-oasis ecotone of the Hexi Corridor

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第12期57卷 3107-3117页

作者： zhao wenzhi CHANG XueLi Linze Inland River Basin Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geography and Planning Ludong University

In the arid inland river basins of northwestern China,human activities control almost all the surface hydrologic *** potential effects of these altered hydrologic processes are gradually becoming clear,especially since the 2000 implementation of the integrated water resources management projects in the Shiyang River,the Heihe River,the Tarim River,and the Shuler *** the appearance of these eco-hydrology changes and consequent environmental effects in the oasis has attracted broad attention,related research is still ***-hydrological process changes in the desert-oasis ecotone were investigated in the Pingchuan irrigation district in the middle reaches of the Heihe *** results showed that the annual average amount of surface water irrigation during the past 20 years has decreased by 1.498×107 m3,while the annual average amount of well irrigation has increased by 1.457×107 m3,since 2000,when the State Council of China approved the water diversion scheme for the Heihe River *** groundwater depth before the water diversion scheme generally varied between2.44–3.19 m(average 2.73±0.24 m),while that after the water diversion scheme has varied between 3.08–4.01 m(average3.79±0.62 m).The distribution area of3 m groundwater depth increased from 853 to 3843 ***,although the hydrologic processes changed dramatically,no significant effects on vegetation productivity in the desert-oasis ecotone were detected during the study period.

关键词：水文过程荒漠绿洲 NDVI变化过渡带河西走廊黑河流域中游地下水埋深调水方案

Species-specific traits determine shrub-annual interactions during a growing season

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第3期7卷 403-413页

作者： GeFei ZHANG wenzhi zhao Linze Inland River Basin Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River BasinCold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

Stress gradient hypothesis predicted that facilitative interactions usually increase in intensity and are importance with abiotic *** contrast,facilitation may be lost in time,when it involves the growth of benefactors or *** is known about which response pattern is more common in arid *** present an empirical study to explore shrub-annual interactions at the community and individual level along the course of a single growing season in a desert steppe in northwest *** the severity of drought stress may increase in time due to uneven precipitation during plant growing *** assessed growth responses of annuals in understory where two dominant shrubs were *** responses showed a switch from weakly positive to more strongly positive beneath Calligonum mongolicum,whereas from positive to negative beneath Nitraria sphaerocarpa during the growing ***,annual species with contrasting functional traits showed distinct growth responses to canopies *** was evidence of an increase in soil moisture below the canopy of shrubs,but a decrease in potential evaporation rate and photosynthetically active radiation,which can partly explain these species-specific *** conclude that the balance between competitive and facilitative effects in shrub-annual interactions is not only governed by the severity of stress but also determined by plant traits,such as canopy structure of shrubs and functional traits of their understory annuals.

关键词： competition facilitation functional trait stress gradient temporal variation