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Fiber-dominated Soft Actuators Inspired by Plant Cell Walls and Skeletal Muscles

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第3期20卷 982-991页

作者： Luquan Ren Qian Wu Qingping Liu Lei Ren Kunyang Wang Xueli Zhou Zhenguo Wang Yulin He che zhao Bingqian Li Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun130022China School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM139PLUK School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Changzhou Institute of TechnologyChangzhou213032China

Morphing botanical tissues and animal muscles are all fiber-mediated composites, in which fibers play a passive and active role, respectively. Herein, inspired by the mechanism of fibers functioning in morphing botanical tissues and animal muscles, we propose two sorts of fiber-dominated composite actuators. First, inspired by the deformation of awned seeds in response to humidity change, we fabricate passive fiber-dominated actuators using non-active aligned carbon fibers via 4D printing method. The effects of process parameters, structural parameters, and fiber angles on the deformation of the printed actuators are examined. The experimental results show that the orientation degree is enhanced, resulting in a better swelling effect as the printing speed increases. Then, motivated by the actuation mechanism of skeletal muscle, we prepare active fiber-dominated actuators using active polyurethane fibers via 4D printing and pre-stretching method. The effect of fiber angle and loading on the actuation mode is experimentally analyzed. The experimental results show that the rotation angle of the actuator gradually decreases with the angle from 45° to 60°. When the fiber angle is 0° and 90°, the driver basically stops rotating while shrinking along the loading direction. Based on the above actuation mechanisms, identical contraction behaviors are realized both in passive and active fiber-dominated soft actuators. This work provides a validation method for biologically actuation mechanisms via 4D printing technique and smart materials and adds further insights to the design of bioinspired soft actuators.

关键词： Bioinspired Biological materials Fiber-mediated composites Actuator 4D printing

Decreased soil pH weakens the positive rhizosphere effect on denitrification capacity

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 905-915页

作者： Jun WANG Zongxiang ZHANG Fei LIANG zhao che Yongkang WEN Manyu ZHANG Wenjun JIN zhaorong DONG He SONG College of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The stimulating effect of rhizosphere on denitrification is considered to be an unavoidable loss of soil nitrogen(N)and detrimental to crop N use efficiency,which is regulated by crop growth and soil *** acidification,occurring rapidly in many intensive farming lands,affects both crop growth and soil properties,thereby altering rhizosphere effect on ***,the mechanism by which soil acidification regulates rhizosphere denitrification still remains ***,we determined the denitrification capacity(DC)and associated community compositions of nirK-and nirS-type denitrifiers in maize rhizosphere and bulk soils at four acidity gradients(pH=6.8,6.1,5.2,and 4.2).Results showed that the stimulating effect of rhizosphere on DC strongly depended on soil *** to bulk soil,rhizosphere soil had significantly higher DC at pH 5.2,but not at pH of *** increasing soil acidity,the stimulation of rhizosphere on DC(calculated as the difference in DC between rhizosphere and bulk soils)decreased from 8.01 to 0.01 mg N ***,soil acidification significantly reduced the differences in dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and abundance of key nirK-type denitrifier taxa between rhizosphere and bulk soils,both of which were positively related to the stimulation of rhizosphere on *** findings demonstrated that soil acidification could weaken the positive rhizosphere effect on denitrification via regulated C availability and associated nirK-type denitrifier community,potentially reducing N loss risk in rhizosphere *** independent role of soil p H should be fully considered when modelling N behaviour in plant-soil systems.

关键词： bacterial abundance denitrifier community dissolved organic carbon operational taxonomic unit soil acidification

“Zero‑Strain” NiNb_(2)O_(6) Fibers for All‑Climate Lithium Storage

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 348-360页

作者： Yan zhao Qiang Yuan Liting Yang Guisheng Liang Yifeng cheng Limin Wu Chunfu Lin Renchao che College of Physics Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Materials for Energy and EnvironmentQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering&TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311100People’s Republic of China Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021People’s Republic of China

Niobates are promising all-climate Li^(+)-storage anode material due to their fast charge transport,large specific capacities,and resistance to electrolyte ***,their moderate unit-cellvolume expansion(generally 5%–10%)during Li^(+)storage causes unsatisfactory long-term ***,“zero-strain”NiNb_(2)O_(6) fibers are explored as a new anode material with comprehensively good electrochemical *** Li^(+)storage,the expansion of electrochemical inactive NiO_(6) octahedra almost fully offsets the shrinkage of active NbO_(6) octahedra through reversible O *** superior volume-accommodation capability of the NiO_(6) layers guarantees the“zero-strain”behavior of NiNb_(2)O_(6) in a broad temperature range(0.53%//0.51%//0.74%at 25//−10//60℃),leading to the excellent cyclability of the NiNb_(2)O_(6) fibers(92.8%//99.2%//91.1%capacity retention after 1000//2000//1000 cycles at 10C and 25//−10//60℃).This NiNb_(2)O_(6) material further exhibits a large reversible capacity(300//184//318 mAh g−1 at 0.1C and 25//−10//60℃)and outstanding rate performance(10 to 0.5C capacity percentage of 64.3%//50.0%//65.4%at 25//−10//60℃).Therefore,the NiNb_(2)O_(6) fibers are especially suitable for large-capacity,fast-charging,long-life,and all-climate lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： NiNb_(2)O_(6)porous fiber “Zero-strain”mechanism Electrochemical property Harsh-temperature operation Operando characterization

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轮式软岩破碎机的应用

煤炭科学技术 2005年第10期33卷 6-8,22页

作者：车兆学中国矿业大学能源与安全工程学院江苏徐州221008

实现露天矿表土剥离采用半连续工艺的关键技术是破碎机。表土剥离物具有很大的粘结性,当其进入传统破碎机的破碎腔后,极易对设备造成粘结和堵塞,导致设备无法正常工作。中国矿业大学提出并研制的轮式软岩破碎机能够实现破碎大粘土块,克... 详细信息

实现露天矿表土剥离采用半连续工艺的关键技术是破碎机。表土剥离物具有很大的粘结性,当其进入传统破碎机的破碎腔后,极易对设备造成粘结和堵塞,导致设备无法正常工作。中国矿业大学提出并研制的轮式软岩破碎机能够实现破碎大粘土块,克服冲击载荷、粘料、涌料及均匀物料流等。

关键词：轮式软岩破碎机表土剥离半连续工艺露天矿

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安家岭露天煤矿内排开拓运输系统优化

采矿与安全工程学报 2007年第4期24卷 494-497,501页

作者：车兆学中国矿业大学能源与安全工程学院江苏徐州221116

近水平露天煤矿汽车运输内排时传统开拓运输系统通常是采用绕两侧(或一侧)端帮建立内排运输通路,由此造成汽车的运距长,运输成本增加,而且由于在端帮布置运输通路造成压煤.提出了中间迈步式搭"桥"开拓运输系统,即在工作帮的推进过程中,... 详细信息

近水平露天煤矿汽车运输内排时传统开拓运输系统通常是采用绕两侧(或一侧)端帮建立内排运输通路,由此造成汽车的运距长,运输成本增加,而且由于在端帮布置运输通路造成压煤.提出了中间迈步式搭"桥"开拓运输系统,即在工作帮的推进过程中,对采场下部水平两侧端帮含煤台阶按边坡稳定条件靠界开采,内排运输通路通过横跨采空区的中间"桥"连接.由此可减少汽车运距、降低运输成本,提高露天煤矿端帮残煤回收和经济效益.

关键词：靠帮开采端帮内排开拓运输系统

传统吉祥图案在现代包装设计中的应用价值和策略研究

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包装工程 2022年第10期43卷 358-360,371页

作者：赵澈丽内蒙古民族大学美术学院内蒙古通辽028000

目的探索现代包装设计中,传统吉祥图案的应用价值和策略。方法经过历史与文化的洗礼与熏陶,传统吉祥图案的形式与内涵更加独特、丰富,并表现出旺盛的生命力。针对包装设计领域,根据包装设计的发展路线探寻到传统吉祥图案这一文化形式,... 详细信息

目的探索现代包装设计中,传统吉祥图案的应用价值和策略。方法经过历史与文化的洗礼与熏陶,传统吉祥图案的形式与内涵更加独特、丰富,并表现出旺盛的生命力。针对包装设计领域,根据包装设计的发展路线探寻到传统吉祥图案这一文化形式,对其深化文化底蕴、突出时代特点等重要的价值意义进行总结,从色彩、装饰与融合3个视角来分析具体的应用可能性与方向,并辅以酒品与茶叶两大类包装设计应用实践进行探究。结论将传统吉祥图案融入现代包装设计中,可以更好地展示和发扬传统文化,最大化地发挥现代包装设计的艺术价值和文化魅力,使其拥有外在与内在的双重魅力,从而造就更好的市场价值和艺术价值。

关键词：传统吉祥图案消费需求文化魅力

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成组活动强震跨断层形变前兆相似性特征

地震 2000年第z1期20卷 38-43页

作者：车兆宏范燕中国地震局综合观测中心北京100039

分析大同及张北地震前后跨断层流动形变资料 ,结果表明 ,成组活动强震中各次强震在特定构造部位具有相似的断层活动前兆异常 ,反映成组活动强震的孕育过程具有统一性 ;断层活动前兆异常的阶段性 ,反映了震源区能量的集中、释放过程 ;前... 详细信息

分析大同及张北地震前后跨断层流动形变资料 ,结果表明 ,成组活动强震中各次强震在特定构造部位具有相似的断层活动前兆异常 ,反映成组活动强震的孕育过程具有统一性 ;断层活动前兆异常的阶段性 ,反映了震源区能量的集中、释放过程 ;前兆异常的跟踪监测与对比分析 ,在震情预测中有重要作用。

关键词：成组活动前兆特征跨断层形变大同地震张北地震

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蛋白质结晶学中纯直接法的新进展

化学学报 2000年第7期58卷 917-921页

作者：侯永庚陈建信赵赪李立璞中国科学院化学研究所分子动态与稳态结构国家重点实验室北京100080

纯直接法是一种ab initio方法.它只用X射线实验得到的有原子分辨水平的母体数据和单胞中原子种类及数目就能解出小蛋白质的结构位相.目前流行的双空间法SnB和SHELX-D,根据整体极小化原理设计、运用倒易空间位相修正和正空间密度修饰交... 详细信息

纯直接法是一种ab initio方法.它只用X射线实验得到的有原子分辨水平的母体数据和单胞中原子种类及数目就能解出小蛋白质的结构位相.目前流行的双空间法SnB和SHELX-D,根据整体极小化原理设计、运用倒易空间位相修正和正空间密度修饰交替叠代的策略已能解含1001个非H肽原子的溶菌酶结构.我们采用系统论和优化法的思想与结构不变量的概率分布理论相结合,研究成功了在倒易空间直接求解位相的系统优化法及程序SYSTEM-99.用它测定了0.110nm分辨率含1914个不重于S的非H肽原子的天花粉(TCS)结构的初始模型.

关键词：纯直接法系统优化法位相问题蛋白质结晶学

2015年湖北省枣阳市碘缺乏病监测结果分析

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中华地方病学杂志 2017年第3期36卷 220-222页

作者：赵俊芳程开军枣阳市第一人民医院儿科枣阳441200 枣阳市疾病预防控制中心地方病科枣阳441200

目的了解“十二五”期间枣阳市碘缺乏病病情和人群碘营养状况，评价干预措施落实情况及效果，为今后防治措施的调整提供科学依据。方法全市按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各抽取1个乡（镇）、每个乡（镇）抽取4个行政村，每个行政村抽检1... 详细信息

目的了解“十二五”期间枣阳市碘缺乏病病情和人群碘营养状况，评价干预措施落实情况及效果，为今后防治措施的调整提供科学依据。方法全市按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各抽取1个乡（镇）、每个乡（镇）抽取4个行政村，每个行政村抽检15户居民家中食盐，定量检测盐碘含量；在所抽取的乡（镇）各抽取1所乡中心小学，每所小学采集40名8～10岁儿童（男、女各半）的尿样，检测尿碘含量，并用触诊法检查儿童甲状腺肿大情况；在所抽取的乡（镇）各采集20名孕妇的尿样和家中食盐，检测尿碘和盐碘含量；每个乡（镇）在开展尿碘含量检测的孕妇中，各抽取10人进行人户问卷调查，了解孕妇碘缺乏病健康教育知晓情况。结果共采集居民户食用盐300份，盐碘中位数为21．2mg／kg，碘盐覆盖率为97．7％（293／300），合格碘盐食用率为90.3％（271／300）；共采集儿童尿样200份，尿碘中位数为232．4μg／L；共采集孕妇尿样100份，尿碘中位数为232．9μg/L；调查8～10岁儿童甲状腺200人，甲状腺肿大率为3．0％（6／200）；问卷调查孕妇50名，知晓率为82．0％（41／50）。结论“十二五”期间枣阳市已达到持续消除碘缺乏病标准，儿童碘营养超适宜与孕妇碘营养不足状态依然存在。建议进一步加大碘盐市场的管理和碘缺乏病宣传力度，精准调整食盐加碘标准，确保各类人群处于碘适宜状态。

关键词：碘尿盐类营养