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A combined numerical tidal model for the Hangzhou Bay and Qiantang River

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Acta Oceanologica sinica 1989年第4期8卷 485-496页

作者： Cao Deming and fang guohong institute of oceanology, academia sinica, qingdao, china Inst oceanology Academia Sinica Qingdao China China

-In order to avoid prescribing open boundary condition on the upstream side of the Hangzhou Bay, in numerical simulation of the tides and residual currents of the Bay, a 1-D model for the Qiantang River is connected to the 2-D model for the Hangzhou Bay. The harmonic constants of diurnal constituent [ (K1+O1)/2],semidiurnal constituent (M2) and shallow water constituent (M4) are obtained. The results produced by the combined model are in better agreement with the observed ones than those produced solely by the original 2-D model. The combined model gives much more reliable results for tide-induced residual water level and current.

关键词： A combined numerical tidal model for the Hangzhou Bay and Qiantang River Bay

Grossly Determined Solutions of the Equations of Gross Determinism (1)

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Systems Science and Systems Engineering 1996年第3期6卷 379-384页

作者： ZHANG Jie(The First institute of Oceanolagy, SOA, qingdao 266003)fang guohong(institute of oceanology, academia sinica, qingdao 266071)

The paper is the first part of the study of turbulence by using probability dentity functions in which the concept of the grossly determined selutions to the Lundgren’s model equation is introduced, and the equations... 详细信息

关键词： Tubulence Grossly determined solution Lundgren’s model.

The Stretched Field Method for Approximating Gross Determiners Ⅱ

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Systems Science and Systems Engineering 1996年第4期6卷 473-476,478-479页

作者： ZHANG Jie(The First institute of Oceanolagy, SOA, qingdao 266003)fang guohong(institute of oceanology, academia sinica, qingdao 266071)

The paper is the continuation of the previous article in which the stretched field method on is developed to solve the equations for grossly determiners. The first degree result is the same as the Lundgren’s small pa... 详细信息

关键词： The Stretched Field Method for Approximating Gross Determiners

TIDE AND TIDAL CURRENT CHARTS FOR THE MARGINAL SEAS ADJACENT TO china

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Journal of oceanology and Limnology 1986年第1期4卷 1-16页

作者： fang guohong (institute of oceanology, academia sinica) 1. institute of oceanology Academia Sinica Qingdao China

The tide phenomena in the marginal seas have attracted many people’s attention since ancient time. Systematical studies based on modern theories began early in the present century. In 1930’s, Ogura published cotidal charts for the Eastern china Sea which were considered as standard for many decades. The sea level data for the South china Sea were quite poor at that time compared with the available data in the Eastern china Sea. The cotidal charts produced by Dietrich (1944, see Defant 1961) were not accurate.

关键词： TIDE AND TIDAL CURRENT CHARTS FOR THE MARGINAL SEAS ADJACENT TO china

THE EXTRACTION OF HARMONIC TIDAL CONSTANTS FROM HIGH AND LOW WATERS

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Chinese Journal of oceanology and Limnology 1987年第3期5卷 228-240页

作者：王骥方国洪 institute of Marine Scientific and Technological Information SOA Tianjin institute of oceanology academia sinica qingdao

With the application of electronic computers, the extraction of harmonic constants from high and low waters becomes an extremely simple process as compared with Doodson’s technique. The phenomenon of aliasing is examined by supposing the samples are taken .at intervals of exactly 6 lunar hours. The constituents with frequencies satisfying the relation （σ1+σ2） =2σM2,are inseparable and the coefficient determinant of the normal equations will be singular if the heights only are used. When the values of the first derivatives and the irregularity of the sampling are taken into consideration the condition of the determinant is improved. Large diurnal tides can cause irregularity of sampling and so we are in favour of the separation of the aliased constituents. For tidal current data, if the slack times are available, the results of analysis can be much improved. The results for major constituents derived from the observed high and low waters agree satisfactorily with those from hourly data.

关键词： THE EXTRACTION OF HARMONIC TIDAL CONSTANTS FROM HIGH AND LOW WATERS

A TWO-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL MODEL OF THE TIDAL MOTIONS IN THE BOHAI SEA

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Journal of oceanology and Limnology 1985年第2期3卷 135-152页

作者： fang guohong (institute of oceanology, academia sinica)andYang Jingfei {institute of Marine Scientific and Technological Information, State Oceanic Administration) 1. institute of oceanology Academia Sinica Qingdao China

The motions of diurnal, semidiurnal, and shallow-water tides and tidal currents in the Bohai Sea are computed using a finite-difference method based on two-dimensional tidal wave equations. Good agreement of the computed results with the observed data is achieved for diurnal and semidiurnal tides. The general pattern of the computed quarterdiurnal tide conforms to the observed pattern, but the computed amplitudes are on the high side. This is attributed to the ineligibility of the friction terms in the two-dimensional governing equations to dissipate the energy of high frequency tidal waves. It is found that the existing semidiurnal cotidal charts have considerable differences in Laizhou Bay. The difference is likely caused by the movement of the coastline of the Yellow River Delta. The present result coincides with the recent empirical cotidal chart. The computation shows a new current-amphidromic point for both semidiurnal and diurnal tidal currents. The diurnal current has two current-amphidromic poi

关键词： KI

An　alternating　direction　implicit　（ADI）　numerical　model　for　two－dimensional　hydrodynamic　equations

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Acta Oceanologica sinica 1995年第1期14卷 1-13页

作者： Pan Haiand fang guohong(institute of Dceanology, academia sinica, qingdao 266071, china)(Present address: institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903-0231, USA) institute of oceanology Academia Sinica Qingdao 266071 China

A two-dimensional computational model is develope for the calulation of tides, storm surges and otherlong-period waves in coastal and shelf waters. The Partial differental equations are approximated by two sets of difference equations on a space-staggered grid system. Both sets are explicit with one set for water level and x-component velocity, and another for water level and y-component velocity. These two sets are used successively for stepby-step solution in time. An analytical investigation on the linearized sets of the difference equations indicates that thecomputational scheme is unconditionally stable. The model is of second order accuracy both in space and in time andconserves mass and momentum. Simulations of surface elevation caused by periodic forcing in one-opening rectangularbasin with flat topography and by steady wind stress in the basin with flat or slope topography show that the computed results are in excellent agreement with the corresponding analytic solutions. The steady-tate wind-induced setupin a ofed basin with discontinuous topography computed with the present model are also in excellent agreement withthe results from Leendertse's model. Finally, the model is applied to hindcast a storm surge in the South china Seaand reproduces the surge elevation satisfactorily.

关键词： ADI numerical model two-dimensional hydrodynamic equations

NONLINEAR EFFECTS OF TIDAL FRICTION

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Acta Oceanologica sinica 1987年第S1期 105-122页

作者：方国洪 institute of oceanology academia sinica qingdao

The nonlinear interactions between tidal waves propagating in an infinite shallow canal with constant width and depth are analysed. The friction is assumed to be proportional to the square of velocity and regarded as partially nonlinear. A comparison between the magnitude of nonlinearity of fric-tional origin with that of nonfrictional origin is given. The exact expressions of the coefficients of the Fourier expansion of |u|u are obtained when u contains two waves, and an approximate expansion is also obtained when u contains three or more waves. Approximate solutions for primary and subordinate waves are given, showing （i） when the primary waves travel together, the smaller wave will decay at a faster rate; （ii） subordinate waves experience the processes of growth and decay owing to friction; （iii） because of frictional nonlinearity, the practical ranges of variation of the nodal factors f used in tidal analysis and prediction should usually be smaller than the theoretical ones, （iv） the growth of over

关键词： NONLINEAR EFFECTS OF TIDAL FRICTION

AN ANALYSIS OF THE ASTROMETEOROLOGICAL CONSTITUENTS OF TIDE IN THE BOHAI SEA

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Acta Oceanologica sinica 1986年第4期5卷 486-495页

作者：方国洪王骥 institute of oceanology Academia Sinica Qingdao China. China

Seasonal variations in tidal harmonic constants are found to be significant in shelf seas and can be represented by adding a series of astrometeorological constituents (AMC) to the astronomical constituents (AC). The relation of AMC and corresponding AC to their resultant constituents (RC) is examined and the seasonal variation of RC is described by modulation ellipses. The values of AMC in the Bohai Sea are calculated and the major features of AMC in the Bohai Sea are analyzed. The dynamic factors which cause AMC are examined by means of numerical experiments.

关键词： ACTA