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Evaluating the accuracy and reproducibility of ChatGPT-4 in answering patient questions related to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastroenterology 2024年第1期5卷 14-21页

作者： Lauren Schlussel Jamil S Samaan Yin Chan Bianca Chang Yee Hui Yeo Wee Han ng Ali Rezaie Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Bristol Medical School University of BristolBS81THBristolUnited Kingdom Medically Associated Science and Technology Program Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

BACKGROUND Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth(SIBO)poses diagnostic and treatment challenges due to its complex management and evolving *** often seek online information related to their health,prompting interest in large language models,like GPT-4,as potential sources of patient *** To investigate ChatGPT-4's accuracy and reproducibility in responding to patient questions related to *** A total of 27 patient questions related to SIBO were curated from professional societies,Facebook groups,and Reddit *** question was entered into GPT-4 twice on separate days to examine reproducibility of accuracy on separate ***-4 generated responses were independently evaluated for accuracy and reproducibility by two motility fellowship-trained gastroenterologists.A third senior fellowship-trained gastroenterologist resolved *** of responses were graded using the scale:(1)Comprehensive;(2)Correct but inadequate;(3)Some correct and some incorrect;or(4)Completely *** responses were generated for every question to evaluate reproducibility in *** In evaluating GPT-4's effectiveness at answering SIBO-related questions,it provided responses with correct information to 18/27(66.7%)of questions,with 16/27(59.3%)of responses graded as comprehensive and 2/27(7.4%)responses graded as correct but *** model provided responses with incorrect information to 9/27(33.3%)of questions,with 4/27(14.8%)of responses graded as completely incorrect and 5/27(18.5%)of responses graded as mixed correct and incorrect *** varied by question category,with questions related to“basic knowledge”achieving the highest proportion of comprehensive responses(90%)and no incorrect *** the other hand,the“treatment”related questions yielded the lowest proportion of comprehensive responses(33.3%)and highest percent of completely incorrect responses(33.3%).A total of 77.8%of questions yielded repr

关键词： Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth Motility Artificial intelligence Chat-GPT Large language models Patient education

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Physical activity,COVID-19,and respiratory comorbidities:The good,the bad,and the ugly

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第2期12卷 216-218页

作者： Anh-Tuan Dinh-Xuan Thõng Hua-Huy Sven Günther Lung Function&Respiratory Physiology Units Department of Respiratory Physiology and Sleep MedicineAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisCochin&George Pompidou HospitalsUniversity Paris CitéParis 75006France

Almost 3 years after the outbreak of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)that has caused more than 6 million deaths worldwide,1the pandemic persists and hampers our daily *** are at least 2 main reasons explaining why we still struggle to terminate this ***,novel variants of concern of SARS-CoV-2unceasingly emerge despite almost 12 billion doses of vaccinebeing administered to date.

关键词： respiratory doses acute

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Structure and species composition of tree stands on verges and slopes along a major highway in Hong Kong

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林业研究:英文版 2023年第5期34卷 1347-1358页

作者： Louis Shing Him Lee Hao Zhang Kathy Tze Kwun ng Shun Cheong Lo Alan Siu Lun Yu Faculty of Design and Environment Technological and HigherEducation Institute of Hong KongHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Landscape Division Highways DepartmentHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Greening Landscape and Tree Management SectionDevelopment BureauHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

Arboricultural research focusing on transport land use was lacking in Hong *** highway slopes were registered in the Systematic Identification of Maintenance Responsibility of Slopes in the Territory(SIMAR),abbreviated as SIMAR *** aimed to analyze patterns in the structure and species composition of the tree stock along a highway in Hong Kong and examined how a slope registration system could help explain the characteristics of urban *** 53 slopes and 52 verges along San Tin Highway,Hong Kong were randomly *** trees on each slope and verge were collectively sampled as a tree *** variables,namely tree abundance,species richness,maximum tree height,Shannon-Wiener diversity,Simpson's dominance,and Pielou's evenness were measured for each *** addition,a limited visual tree risk assessment was *** 7,209 trees in 23 species were *** richness was low,ranging from one to eight species per *** and non-SIMAR slopes were *** slopes had significantly higher species richness,diversity,evenness but lower dominance,with mean difference of 1.41 species,0.17,0.17 *** slopes were associated with lower tree risk *** training regression models,boosting as an ensemble method arbitrarily raised the explanatory power and the predictive accuracy of some *** height,length,angle and area could be significant predictors of the biodiversity-related *** research can sample more habitat characteristics related to the structure and species composition of slopes and verges which were important components of urban forestry.

关键词： Highway greenery Roadside tree management Tree risk assessment Monospecific urban forest Slope geophysical environment Urban forests

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Time-dependent reliability analysis for repairable consecutive-k-out-of-n:F system

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Statistical Theory and Related Fields 2022年第2期6卷 139-147页

作者： Gökhan Gökdere Hon Keung Tony ng Department of Statistics Faculty of ScienceFırat UniversityElazıgTurkey Department of Statistical Science Southern Methodist UniversityDallasTXUSA

In a repairable consecutive C(k,n:F)system,after the system operates for a certain time,some components may fail,some failed components may be repaired and the state of the system may *** models developed in the existing literature usually assume that the state of the sys-tem varies over time depending on the values of n and k and the state of the system is *** the system reliability will vary over time,it is of great interest to analyse the time-dependent system *** this paper,we develop a novel and simple method that utilizes the eigen-values of the transition rate matrix of the system for the computation of time-dependent system reliability when the system state is *** addition,the transition performance probabilities of the system from a known state to the possible states are also *** results are presented to illustrate the applicability and accuracy of the proposed method.

关键词： Repairable consecutive-k-out-of-n:F system transition rate matrix time-dependent reliability time-dependent transition performance probability

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HOXA11-AS aggravates microglia-induced neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1096-1105页

作者： Xiang-Long Li Bin Wang Fu-Bing Yang Li-Gang Chen Jian you Department of Neurosurgery the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina Neurosurgical Clinical Research Center and Academician(Expert)Workstation of Sichuan Province LuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Functions the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina

Long noncoding RNAs(lnc RNAs)participate in many pathophysiological processes after traumatic brain injury by mediating neuroinflammation and *** A11 antisense RNA(HOXA11-AS)is a member of the lnc RNA family that has been reported to participate in many inflammatory reactions;however,its role in traumatic brain injury remains *** this study,we established rat models of traumatic brain injury using a weight-drop hitting device and injected LV-HOXA11-AS into the right lateral ventricle 2 weeks before *** results revealed that overexpression of HOXA11-AS aggravated neurological deficits in traumatic brain injury rats,increased brain edema and apoptosis,promoted the secretion of proinflammatory factors interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factorα,and promoted the activation of astrocytes and *** were treated with 100 ng/m L lipopolysaccharide for 24 hours to establish in vitro cell models,and then transfected with pc DNA-HOXA11-AS,mi R-124-3 p mimic,or *** results revealed that HOXA11-AS inhibited mi R-124-3 p expression and boosted MDK expression and TLR4-nuclear factor-κB pathway ***,lipopolysaccharide enhanced potent microglia-induced inflammatory responses in *** overexpression of mi R-124-3 p or downregulating MDK repressed microglial activation and the inflammatory response of ***,the mi R-124-3 p-mediated anti-inflammatory effects were reversed by *** findings suggest that HOXA11-AS can aggravate neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury by modulating the mi R-124-3 p-MDK *** study was approved by the Animal Protection and Use Committee of Southwest Medical University(approval ***-2019-042)on February 4,2019.

关键词： astrocyte competitive endogenous RNA HOXA11-AS microglia midkine miR-124-3p neuroinflammation traumatic brain injury

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银杏叶提取物对脑卒中后抑郁大鼠的影响

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中国临床药理学杂志 2024年第13期40卷 1933-1937页

作者：谢思敏王有琼莫苗苗王冬怡陈海兰杨斌广西医科大学药学院广西南宁530022 广西医科大学第一临床医学院广西南宁530022

目的观察银杏叶提取物(GBE)对脑卒中后抑郁(PSD)模型大鼠抑郁样行为的干预作用,并研究其通过调控Toll样受体4/核因子-κB(TLR4/NF-κB)通路抑制神经炎症的作用机制。方法大鼠随机分为假手术组、脑缺血组、PSD组、帕罗西汀组、银杏叶提... 详细信息

目的观察银杏叶提取物(GBE)对脑卒中后抑郁(PSD)模型大鼠抑郁样行为的干预作用,并研究其通过调控Toll样受体4/核因子-κB(TLR4/NF-κB)通路抑制神经炎症的作用机制。方法大鼠随机分为假手术组、脑缺血组、PSD组、帕罗西汀组、银杏叶提取物低剂量(GBE-L)组及银杏叶提取物高剂量(GBE-H)组,每组10只。除假手术组外,其余各组大鼠均进行大脑中动脉栓塞术(MCAO)制备左侧脑缺血再灌注模型。除假手术组和脑缺血组外,其余各组大鼠予慢性不可预知温和刺激(CUMS)建立PSD大鼠模型,持续刺激8周。刺激4周后,帕罗西汀组、GBE-L及GBE-H组分别给予帕罗西汀5 mg·kg^(-1)、GBE50 mg·kg^(-1)、GBE100 mg·kg^(-1)治疗,假手术组、脑缺血及PSD组给予等体积0.9%NaCl,连续灌胃给药28 d。在造模第4周和第8周,分别测定大鼠体质量和糖水偏好率。用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平及大脑皮质中去甲肾上腺素(NE)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)水平;用聚合酶链反应法检测大鼠海马Tlr4、Nfkb1、核因子κB激酶亚基β抑制因子(Ikbkb)mRNA水平;用蛋白质印迹法检测大鼠海马组织NF-κB、核因子κB抑制蛋白α(IKBα)以及磷酸化核因子κB抑制蛋白α(p-IKBα)蛋白表达水平。结果假手术组、脑缺血组、PSD组、帕罗西汀组、GBE-L及GBE-H组给药治疗后大鼠体质量分别为(427.10±6.36)、(403.10±7.37)、(310.10±9.71)、(355.00±4.03)、(347.90±9.88)和(391.90±5.07)g;给药治疗后大鼠糖水消耗率分别为(93.93±1.78)%、(91.57±1.03)%、(54.72±7.34)%、(88.35±4.36)%、(63.55±12.73)%和(81.04±4.31)%;大脑皮质NE含量分别为(1951.14±52.86)、(1827.27±23.63)、(1662.12±35.92)、(2033.58±72.28)、(1887.31±33.07)和(2175.00±42.54)pg·mL^(-1);大脑皮质5-HT含量分别为(237.07±8.86)、(226.15±10.27)、(214.51±3.46)、(297.13±5.79)、(274.14±7.63)和(285.34±8.72)ng·mL^(-1);大脑皮质DA含量分别为(1531.11±47.26)、(1209.89±58.09)、(1143.15±36.31)、(1812.67±51.28)、(1651.56±31.82)和(1853.33±20.42)pg·mL^(-1)。与PSD组相比,GBE能显著增加大鼠体质量(P<0.01),提高大鼠糖水消耗率,表现出抗抑郁样行为作用。GBE显著降低血清中TNF-α、IL-1β水平(均P<0.01),增加大脑皮质中NE、5-HT、DA水平(均P<0.01);下调Tlr4、Nfkb1、Ikbkb mRNA水平(P<0.05,P<0.01);减少NF-κB蛋白表达(P<0.01),降低IKBα磷酸化水平(P<0.01)。结论银杏叶提取物可减轻PSD大鼠抑郁样行为,具有抗抑郁作用,其机制与抑制TLR4/NF-κB通路减轻神经炎症有关。

关键词：银杏叶提取物脑卒中抑郁神经炎症 Toll样受体4(TLR4) 核因子-κB(NF-κB)

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脑脊液NSE水平与新生儿HIE患儿脑损伤严重程度、小脑及脑干ADC值的关系

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中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志 2024年第5期19卷 657-662页

作者：尤一军董秋菊尹志芳邯郸市妇幼保健院医学遗传与产前筛查科河北邯郸056001 邯郸市妇幼保健院医学中医科河北邯郸056000

目的探索脑脊液(CSF)神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)脑损伤严重程度、小脑以及脑干表观扩散系数(ADC)的关系。方法在2019年3月—2021年5月选择了43例出生后6 h内确诊的HIE患儿和经59例非HIE新生儿(对照组)作为... 详细信息

目的探索脑脊液(CSF)神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)脑损伤严重程度、小脑以及脑干表观扩散系数(ADC)的关系。方法在2019年3月—2021年5月选择了43例出生后6 h内确诊的HIE患儿和经59例非HIE新生儿(对照组)作为研究对象。研究NSE与HIE、脑损伤严重程度和ADC的关系。结果HIE患儿CSFNSE显著高于对照组[78.0(52.50,203.00)ng/mL vs.32.0(24.0,57.0)ng/mL,Z=-5.360,Png/mL、72.0(58.75,76.75)ng/mL、220.50(120.50,368.75)ng/mL,三组具有统计学意义(H=26.511,Png/mL、220.500 ng/mL和267.500 ng/mL。结论出生后72 h内CSF样本中高水平NSE与HIE患儿疾病进展和存活婴儿24月时神经发育结局关系显著,且与左小脑半球、小脑蚓部、延髓的ADC存在显著相关性。

关键词：神经元特异性烯醇化酶缺氧缺血性脑病脑损伤严重程度表观扩散系数磁共振

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局部脑氧饱和度联合血清可溶性髓系细胞触发受体2对脓毒症相关性脑病的诊断价值

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中国医药 2024年第8期19卷 1178-1183页

作者：朱昌苗尤绍函何震马秉博黑龙江省佳木斯市中心医院重症医学科佳木斯154002

目的探讨局部脑氧饱和度(rScO_(2))联合血清可溶性髓系细胞触发受体2(sTREM-2)对脓毒症相关性脑病(SAE)的诊断价值。方法选取2021年1月至2023年10月黑龙江省佳木斯市中心医院重症监护病房收治的脓毒症患者197例,根据院内是否发生SAE分为... 详细信息

目的探讨局部脑氧饱和度(rScO_(2))联合血清可溶性髓系细胞触发受体2(sTREM-2)对脓毒症相关性脑病(SAE)的诊断价值。方法选取2021年1月至2023年10月黑龙江省佳木斯市中心医院重症监护病房收治的脓毒症患者197例,根据院内是否发生SAE分为SAE组(80例)和非SAE组(117例)。比较2组患者临床资料、rScO_(2)和血清sTREM-2水平。采用Logistic回归方法分析SAE的危险因素;采用受试者工作特征曲线分析rScO_(2)联合血清sTREM-2对SAE的诊断价值。结果SAE组脓毒性休克比例、序贯器官衰竭评估(SOFA)评分和血乳酸水平均高于非SAE组,心率和呼吸频率均快于非SAE组,差异均有统计学意义(均Png/L比(21±4)ng/L],差异均有统计学意义(t=-7.222、7.869,均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,脓毒性休克、SOFA评分升高、心率加快、血乳酸升高、sTREM-2升高为SAE的独立危险因素,rScO_(2)升高为独立保护因素(均P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线显示,rScO_(2)、血清sTREM-2、二者联合诊断SAE的约登指数分别为0.454、0.452、0.575,其中二者联合诊断价值最高。结论rScO_(2)降低和血清sTREM-2水平升高与SAE发生独立相关,rScO_(2)联合血清sTREM-2水平对SAE的诊断价值较高。

关键词：脓毒症脓毒症相关性脑病局部脑氧饱和度可溶性髓系细胞触发受体2 诊断价值

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Immunological modulation in health and disease

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第9期20卷 981-982页

作者： Bing Su Lai Guan ng Shanghai Institute of Immunology Department of Immunology and Microbiologyand the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Death and DifferentiationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine200025 ShanghaiChina Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology and Department of Gastroenterology at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine affiliated Ruijin Hospital 200025 ShanghaiChina Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine affiliated Renji Hospital200127 ShanghaiChina

The immune system is a complex network of cells,tissues,and organs that protect the body from pathogens and *** consists of two interconnected branches:the innate immune response and the adaptive immune *** innate immune response is the body’s first line of defense against pathogens and acts promptly upon encountering *** consists of physical barriers such as skin and mucous membranes and innate immune cells such as neutrophils,macrophages,and natural killer *** cells recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns shared by pathogens and initiate an immune response to eliminate them[1].

关键词： organs killer eliminate

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Femoral neck stress fracture and medial tibial stress syndrome following high intensity interval training: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第23期10卷 8323-8329页

作者： Dawn Suwanie Tan Fiona Millicent Cheung Dekai ng Tin Lung Alan Cheung Department of Orthopaedic Surgery International Orthopaedic ClinicSingapore329563Singapore

BACKGROUND Femoral and tibial stress injuries are commonly found in long distance running *** fractures have rarely been reported in athletes performing high intensity interval training(HIIT)*** objective of this study was to report a case of a patient who presented with medial tibial stress syndrome and femoral neck stress fracture after performing HIIT *** SUMMARY A 26 year old female presented with bilateral medial tibial *** had been performing HIIT exercise for 45 min,five times weekly,for a seven month *** tibial pain was gradual in onset,and was now severe and worse on exercise,despite six weeks of *** resonance imaging(MRI)revealed bilateral medial tibial stress *** she was taking norethisterone for birth control,a dual energy X-ray absorbitometry scan was performed which demonstrated normal bone mineral density of her lumbar spine and femoral *** was managed conservatively with analgesia and physiotherapy,but continued to exercise against medical *** presented again six months later with severe right hip *** of her right hip demonstrated an incomplete stress fracture of her subtrochanteric *** symptoms resolved with strict rest and *** HIIT may cause stress injury of the tibia and femur in young individuals.

关键词： High intensity interval training Medial tibial stress syndrome Femoral neck stress fracture Exercise Fracture Case report

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