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A dynamic regulation of nitrogen on floret primordia development in wheat

The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 271-280页

作者： Zhen zhang Yujing Li Yuxun Wu Xiaoyu Zheng Xiaolei Guo Wan Sun Zhencai Sun Zhimin Wang yinghua zhang College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas Cangzhou 061800HebeiChina

Nitrogen(N)fertilization is critical for spike and floret development,which affects the number of fertile florets per spike(NFFs).However,the physiological regulation of the floret development process by N fertilization is largely unknown.A high temporal-resolution investigation of floret primordia number and morphology,dry matter,and N availability was conducted under three N fertilization levels:0(N0),120(N1)and 240(N2)kg ha^(−1).Interestingly,fertile florets at anthesis stage were determined by those floret primordia with meiotic ability at booting stage:meiotic ability was a threshold that predicted whether a floret primordium became fertile or abortive florets.Because the developmental rate of the 4th floret primordium in the central spikelet was accelerated and then they acquired meiotic ability,the NFFs increased gradually as N application increased,but the increase range decreased under N2.There were no differences in spike N concentration among treatments,but leaf N concentration was increased in the N1 and N2 treatments.Correspondingly,dry matter accumulation and N content of the leaf and spike in the N1 and N2 treatments was increased as compared to N0.Clearly,optimal N fertilization increased leaf N availability and transport of assimilates to spikes,and allowed more floret primordia to acquire meiotic ability and become fertile florets,finally increasing NFFs.There was no difference in leaf N concentration between N1 and N2 treatment,whereas soil N concentration at 0–60 cm soil layers was higher in N2 than in N1 treatment,implying that there was still some N fertilization that remained unused.Therefore,improving the leaf’s ability to further use N fertilizer is vital for greater NFFs.

关键词： Fertile florets Floret primordia Grain number Meiotic ability Morphological development

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Neurotrophins and neural stem cells in posttraumatic brain injury repair

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第1期7卷 12-23页

作者： Wenwen Guo Ke Liu yinghua Wang Xu Ge Yifan Ma Jing Qin Caiqin zhang Ya Zhao Changhong Shi Laboratory Animal Center Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R.China Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine LanzhouP.R.China Medical College of Yan'an University Yan'anP.R.China

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is the main cause of disability,mental health disorder,and even death,with its incidence and social costs rising steadily.Although different treatment strategies have been developed and tested to mitigate neurological decline,a definitive cure for these conditions remains elusive.Studies have revealed that vari-ous neurotrophins represented by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor are the key regulators of neuroinflammation,apoptosis,blood-brain barrier permeability,neurite regeneration,and memory function.These factors are instrumental in alleviating neu-roinflammation and promoting neuroregeneration.In addition,neural stem cells(NSC)contribute to nerve repair through inherent neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties,the release of neurotrophins,the activation of endogenous NSCs,and in-tercellular signaling.Notably,innovative research proposals are emerging to combine BDNF and NSCs,enabling them to synergistically complement and promote each other in facilitating injury repair and improving neuron differentiation after TBI.In this review,we summarize the mechanism of neurotrophins in promoting neurogen-esis and restoring neural function after TBI,comprehensively explore the potential therapeutic effects of various neurotrophins in basic research on TBI,and investigate their interaction with NSCs.This endeavor aims to provide a valuable insight into the clinical treatment and transformation of neurotrophins in TBI,thereby promoting the progress of TBI therapeutics.

关键词： mutual effect neural stem cells neurological function neurotrophins traumatic brain injury

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Self-adjuvant Astragalus polysaccharide-based nanovaccines for enhanced tumor immunotherapy:a novel delivery system candidate for tumor vaccines

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 680-697页

作者： Nan Li Yun zhang Miaomiao Han Tian Liu Jinjia Wu Yingxia Xiong Yikai Fan Fan Ye Bing Jin yinghua zhang Guibo Sun Xiaobo Sun Zhengqi Dong State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College(CAMS)Institute of Medicinal Plant Development(IMPLAD)Beijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine from Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Natural Medicine)and Translational MedicineKey Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription from Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesCAMSIMPLADBeijing 100193China Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbin 150036China Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences Changchun 130012China Joint Research Center for Chinese Medicinal Herbs IMPLADABRC&ACCLBeijing 100193China

The study of tumor nanovaccines(NVs)has gained interest because they specifically recognize and eliminate tumor cells.However,the poor recognition and internalization by dendritic cells(DCs)and insufficient immunogenicity restricted the vaccine efficacy.Herein,we extracted two molecular-weight Astragalus polysaccharides(APS,12.19 k D;APSHMw,135.67 k D)from Radix Astragali and made them self-assemble with OVA257–264directly forming OVA/APS integrated nanocomplexes through the microfluidic method.The nanocomplexes were wrapped with a sheddable calcium phosphate layer to improve stability.APS in the formed nanocomplexes served as drug carriers and immune adjuvants for potent tumor immunotherapy.The optimal APS-NVs were approximately 160 nm with uniform size distribution and could remain stable in physiological saline solution.The FITC-OVA in APS-NVs could be effectively taken up by DCs,and APS-NVs could stimulate the maturation of DCs,improving the antigen cross-presentation efficiency in vitro.The possible mechanism was that APS can induce DC activation via multiple receptors such as dectin-1 and Toll-like receptors 2 and 4.Enhanced accumulation of APS-NVs both in draining and distal lymph nodes were observed following s.***.injection.Smaller APS-NVs could easily access the lymph nodes.Furthermore,APS-NVs could markedly promote antigen delivery efficiency to DCs and activate cytotoxic T cells.In addition,APS-NVs achieve a better antitumor effect in established B16-OVA melanoma tumors compared with the OVA+Alum treatment group.The antitumor mechanism correlated with the increase in cytotoxic T cells in the tumor region.Subsequently,the poor tumor inhibitory effect of APS-NVs on the nude mouse model of melanoma also confirmed the participation of antitumor adaptive immune response induced by NVs.Therefore,this study developed a promising APS-based tumor NV that is an efficient tumor immunotherapy without systemic side effects.

关键词： Astragalus polysaccharides nanovaccines OVA immunotherapy self-adjuvant

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Mitigating the negative catalytic effect of CuO by FAS-17 coated Al nanopowder:Isothermal ageing of Al/CuO nanothermite at 71°C and 60%relative humidity

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 156-167页

作者： Fuwei Li Qian Wang Jian Cheng Zehua zhang Yuxuan Zhou Keer Ouyang Jianbing Xu yinghua Ye Ruiqi Shen School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science&TechnologyNanjing 210094China Micro-Nano Energetic Devices Key Laboratory Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuChina Institute of Space Propulsion Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

The safety and reliability of weapon systems would be significantly affected by changes in the performance of energetic materials due to ambient temperature and humidity.Nanothermites have promising applications due to their excellent reactivity.Therefore it becomes extremely important to understand their aging and failure process in the environment before using them.Here,the aging and failure process of Al/CuO in 71°C/60%RH were investigated,and showed that CuO nanoparticles negatively catalyze Al nanopowders,resulting in rapid hydration.The anti-aging effect of FAS-17-coated Al nanopowder was also examined.The aging process of Al,Al/CuO,and Al@FAS-17/CuO in high humidity and heat environment were revealed by quasi-in situ SEM and TEM methods.Compared with the aging of pure Al,the Al nanopowder in the nanothermites strongly agglomerated with the CuO nanopowder and hydrated earlier.This may be caused by CuO catalyzed hydration of Al nanopowder.The energy release experiments showed that the performance of Al/CuO decreased rapidly and failed to ignite after 4 h of aging.In contrast,the Al@FAS-17/CuO thermite can achieve long-term stability of up to 60 h in the same environment by simple cladding of FAS-17.It is found that FAS-17 coated Al nanopowder can prevent both particle agglomeration and water erosion,which is an effective means to make nanothermites application in high humidity and heat environment.

关键词： Al/CuO nanothermite FAS-17 coating Aging and failure process

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Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes toα-synuclein-related pathology associated with C/EBPβ/AEP signaling activation in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2081-2088页

作者： Xiaoli Fang Sha Liu Bilal Muhammad Mingxuan Zheng Xing Ge Yan Xu Shu Kan Yang zhang yinghua Yu Kuiyang Zheng Deqin Geng Chun-Feng Liu Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism Department of Pathogen Biology and ImmunologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Xuzhou Central HospitalXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease and Institute of Neuroscience Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and gastrointestinal dysfunction.Gastrointestinal dysfunction can precede the onset of motor symptoms by several years.Gut microbiota dysbiosis is involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease,whether it plays a causal role in motor dysfunction,and the mechanism underlying this potential effect,remain unknown.CCAAT/enhancer binding proteinβ/asparagine endopeptidase(C/EBPβ/AEP)signaling,activated by bacterial endotoxin,can promoteα-synuclein transcription,thereby contributing to Parkinson’s disease pathology.In this study,we aimed to investigate the role of the gut microbiota in C/EBPβ/AEP signaling,α-synuclein-related pathology,and motor symptoms using a rotenone-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease combined with antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion and fecal microbiota transplantation.We found that rotenone administration resulted in gut microbiota dysbiosis and perturbation of the intestinal barrier,as well as activation of the C/EBP/AEP pathway,α-synuclein aggregation,and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neuron loss in the substantia nigra in mice with motor deficits.However,treatment with rotenone did not have any of these adverse effects in mice whose gut microbiota was depleted by pretreatment with antibiotics.Importantly,we found that transplanting gut microbiota derived from mice treated with rotenone induced motor deficits,intestinal inflammation,and endotoxemia.Transplantation of fecal microbiota from healthy control mice alleviated rotenone-induced motor deficits,intestinal inflammation,endotoxemia,and intestinal barrier impairment.These results highlight the vital role that gut microbiota dysbiosis plays in inducing motor deficits,C/EBPβ/AEP signaling activation,andα-synuclein-related pathology in a rotenone-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease.Additionally,our findings suggest that supplementing with healthy microbiota may be a safe and effective treatment that could help ameliorate the progression of motor de

关键词： C/EBP/AEP signaling pathway endotoxemia fecal microbiota transplantation intestinal barrier intestinal inflammation microbiota-gut-brain axis Parkinson’s disease

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Characteristics of geological structures in Shiling and Zhuanshanhu areas of Yehe Uplift,NE China

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Global Geology 2024年第2期27卷 105-120页

作者： GUAN Yue YU yinghua zhang Yaxiong YUAN Hongqi Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Formation Mechanism and Resource Evaluation in Heilongjiang Province Daqing 163318HeilongjiangChina Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Beijing 100083China

The basin marginal fault system is the key to understand the formation and evolution of Songliao Basin.In order to investigate the influence of marginal fault system on the structural evolution of Songliao Basin,a comprehensive study was conducted on Shiling Town and Zhuanshanhu area of Yehe Town in Siping City of Jilin Province,where is the southeastern margin of the Songliao Basin and there are a series of well-exposed fault,fold and intrusive bodies belonging to the main marginal fault system of the Songliao Basin known as the Jiamusi-Yitong(Jia-Yi)fault zone.Through profile measurement and field investigation,samples with various lithologies and distinctive features were collected.Detailed field and laboratory works include component and microstructure analysis of these samples,rock-rock contact analysis,main strike measurement and statistics analysis.These data reveal the structural characteristics of the fold,fault and intrusive bodies in the study area.The research results show that the folds are distributed in the Mesozoic strata near the main fault of the eastern branch of the Jia-Yi fault zone,and the folded strata involve the Cretaceous Denglouku and Quantou formations.In addition,the section is dominated by high-angle strikeslip thrust faults.Light-colored veins and dark-colored veins are extensively distributed in the exposed granites.Statistical analysis of joint and fault attitudes in the study area reveals a right-lateral strike-sliping along the main fault.The large-scale right-lateral strike-slip and thrust fault system in Shiling Town occurred in right-lateral transpressive stage in Late Cretaceous.Based on the results above,tectonic evolution sequence in Shiling section of the Jia-Yi fault zone during the Mesozoic can be divided into five stages:Middle Jurassic left-lateral ductile strike-slip stage,Late Jurassic compression stage,Early Cretaceous tension stage,Early Cretaceous extension stage and Late Cretaceous right-lateral transpressive stage.These may have important constraint on understa

关键词： Jia-Yi fault structural characteristics evolution sequence Shiling Zhuanshanhu northern segment Tanlu fault

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Optimization of inter-seasonal nitrogen allocation increases yield and resource-use efficiency in a water-limited wheat-maize cropping system in the North China Plain

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 907-914页

作者： Xiaonan Zhou Chenghang Du Haoran Li Zhencai Sun Yifei Chen Zhiqiang Gao Zhigan Zhao yinghua zhang Zhimin Wang Ying Liu College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-Quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau Taigu 030801ShanxiChina

Winter wheat–summer maize cropping system in the North China Plain often experiences droughtinduced yield reduction in the wheat season and rainwater and nitrogen(N)fertilizer losses in the maize season.This study aimed to identify an optimal interseasonal water-and N-management strategy to alleviate these losses.Four ratios of allocation of 360 kg N ha^(-1)between the wheat and maize seasons under one-time presowing root-zone irrigation(W0)and additional jointing and anthesis irrigation(W2)in wheat and one irrigation after maize sowing were set as follows:N1(120:240),N2(180:180),N3(240:120)and N4(300:60).The results showed that under W0,the N3 treatment produced the highest annual yield,crop water productivity(WPC),and nitrogen partial factor productivity(PFPN).Increased N allocation in wheat under W0 improved wheat yield without affecting maize yield,as surplus nitrate after wheat harvest was retained in the topsoil layers and available for the subsequent maize.Under W2,annual yield was largest in the N2 treatment.The risk of nitrate leaching increased in W2 when N application rate in wheat exceeded that of the N2 treatment,especially in the wet year.Compared to W2N2,the W0N3 maintained 95.2%grain yield over two years.The WPCwas higher in the W0 treatment than in the W2 treatment.Therefore,following limited total N rate,an appropriate fertilizer N transfer from maize to wheat season had the potential of a“triple win”for high annual yield,WPCand PFPN in a water-limited wheat–maize cropping system.

关键词： Cropping system Water-saving irrigation North China Plain Nitrogen optimization Sustainable intensification

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Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases and the potential of microbiome-targeted d ietary strategies: A review of current evidence and future perspective

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Shuqing zhang Wenjing Chen Chen Ma yinghua Luo Li Dong Xiaosong Hu Fang Chen Daotong Li College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Education China Agricultural University

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs)， mainly including Alzheimer’s disease， Parkinson’s disease， and Multiple sclerosis， represent a major public health challenge with the steady increase of aging population worldwide. Emerging evidence has revealed the key role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis of NDs. Diet is one of the most important environmental factors shaping the structure and function of gut microbiota. Manipulating the gut microbiota through specific diet patterns may represent a promising approach for NDs prevention. In this review， we highlight gut microbiota variations in NDs， outline several crucial signaling pathways of the gut-brain communication， and discuss the interplay of nutrients-microbes and biological effect of diet-derived microbial metabolites on neural physiology. In particular， we summarized the current knowledge about the application of dietary patterns in NDs to prevent disease progression via the modulation of the gut microbiota. Our study provides novel insights on the diet-microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative disorders and highlights the potential of developing microbiome-targeted personalized dietary intervention for NDs management.

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蛋白凝集:STM调控植物干细胞活性的新机制

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科学通报 2024年第4期69卷 482-484页

作者：苏英华张宪省山东农业大学生命科学学院小麦育种全国重点实验室泰安271018

与动物不同,植物一生都维持着器官发生的能力.植物的茎尖分生组织(shoot apical meristem)不仅具有干细胞,能够维持其自身活性,还能形成茎、叶和花等组织和器官,共同构成植物的地上部分.茎尖分生组织活性如何被精准调控是发育生物学的... 详细信息

与动物不同,植物一生都维持着器官发生的能力.植物的茎尖分生组织(shoot apical meristem)不仅具有干细胞,能够维持其自身活性,还能形成茎、叶和花等组织和器官,共同构成植物的地上部分.茎尖分生组织活性如何被精准调控是发育生物学的重要科学问题之一,也是一直以来研究的前沿和热点.植物学家很早就发现了一类调控茎尖分生组织活性的转录因子——KNOX1(class 1 KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX)[1,2].

关键词：茎尖分生组织器官发生植物干细胞发育生物学新机制组织和器官

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区域国别音乐文化研究的相关基点与进路探要

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民族艺术 2024年第3期 13-24页

作者：张应华湖南第一师范学院音乐舞蹈学院

区域国别音乐文化研究是在“区域国别学+民族音乐学(音乐人类学)”的交叉融合中形成的一个新的研究领域。当下,区域国别学的迅猛发展及其地域性、全面性、在地性、政治性等学科属性的讨论,一方面突显了区域国别音乐文化研究的紧迫性,另... 详细信息

区域国别音乐文化研究是在“区域国别学+民族音乐学(音乐人类学)”的交叉融合中形成的一个新的研究领域。当下,区域国别学的迅猛发展及其地域性、全面性、在地性、政治性等学科属性的讨论,一方面突显了区域国别音乐文化研究的紧迫性,另一方面厘清了区域国别音乐文化研究的学理内涵。区域国别音乐文化研究在与人类学“海外民族志”研究的互动中,沿着世界民族音乐研究到东方音乐文化研究、少数民族音乐研究到跨界族群音乐研究、域内音乐民族志研究到海外音乐民族志研究等三个维度逐步形成,同时又在区域国别学多学科交叉融合的思维观念下,通过民族音乐学(音乐人类学)与区域国别学的学科理论及方法论观念“跨学科”桥接,重构起新的学术内涵、学术观念、学术论域及其新的研究目标、研究方法与研究进路。

关键词：区域国别学区域国别音乐文化民族音乐学海外民族志跨学科

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