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Ki-67 index,progesterone receptor expression,histologic grade and tumor size in predicting breast cancer recurrence risk:A consecutive cohort study

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Cancer Communications 2020年第4期40卷 181-193页

作者： Yanna zhang Yidong Zhou Feng Mao Ru Yao qiang Sun Department of Breast Surgery Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100730P.R.China

Background:The 21-gene recurrence score(RS)assay has been recommended by major guidelines for treatment decision in hormone receptor(HR)-positive early breast cancer(EBC).However,the genomic assay is not accessible and affordable ***,an increasing number of studies have shown that traditional immunohistochemistry(IHC)can partially or even completely replace the role of the 21-gene genomic ***,we developed and validated a predictive model(IHC3 model)combining the Ki-67 index,progesterone receptor(PR)expression,histologic grade,and tumor size to predict the recurrence risk of HR-positive ***:The data from 389 patients(development set)with HR-positive,human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative,lymph node non-metastasized invasive breast cancer were used to construct the IHC3 model based on the Surexam®21-gene RS and the TAILORx clinical trial *** additional 146 patients with the same characteristics constituted the validation *** predictive accuracy of the IHC3 model was compared with that of Orucevic et al.’s *** diseasefree survival(IDFS)was analyzed in the IHC3 predictive low-recurrence risk(pLR)group and the predictive high-recurrence risk(pHR)*** Pearson chi-square test,Fisher exact test,and log-rank test were used for ***:The pLR and pHR group could be easily stratified using the decision tree model without network *** accuracies of the IHC3 model were 86.1%in the development set and 87.7%in the validation *** predictive accuracy of the IHC3 model and Orucevic et al.’s nomogram for the whole cohort was 86.5%and 86.9%,*** a 52-month of median follow-up,a significant difference was found in IDFS between of the IHC3 pLR and the pHR groups(P=0.001)but not in the IDFS between the low-and high-recurrence risk groups according to the Surexam®21-gene RS and the TAILORx clinical trial criteria(P=0.556)or 21-gene binary RS group(P=0.511).Conclusions:The prop

关键词： 21-gene genomic assay breast cancer recurrence score histologic grade progesterone receptor Ki-67

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The effects of electrical heating and additives on the microbial remediation of petroleum-contaminated soils

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第6期32卷 2609-2618页

作者： Hongbai Jia Yu zhang Guocai zhang li Zou Bowen zhang School of life Science Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China School of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China School of Information and Computer Engineering Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China

Although petroleum is an important source of energy and an economic driver of growth,it is also a major soil pollutant that has destroyed large swathes of vegetation and forest ***,it is vital to develop affordable and efficient methods for the bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated forest soils to restore vegetation and improve tree survival *** this study,bioremediation experiments were performed in an electrically heated thermostatic reactor to test the effects of organic matter additives,surfactants,and oxygen providers of nine hydrocarbon-degrading fungal strains on crude oil removal *** the three soil temperatures tested(20℃,25℃,and 30℃),the highest average crude oil removal rate was at 25℃(74.8%)and the lowest at 30℃(49.4%).At each temperature,variations in the addition of organic matter and oxygen providers had significant effects on crude oil removal *** in surfactant addition was significant at 20℃ and 25℃ but insignificant at 30℃.Given the same surfactant treatment,variations in temperature,organic additives,and oxygen providers was significant for crude oil removal *** without surfactants and treatments with Tween80 exhibited their highest crude oil removal rates at 25℃.However,treatments that included the SDS surfactant exhibited their highest crude oil removal rates at 30℃.Amongst the treatments without surfactants,treatments with corn cob addition had the highest crude oil removal rates,and with surfactants,treatments that included the organic fertilizer exhibited the highest crude oil removal *** the same organic fertilizer treatment,the highest crude oil removal rate was at 25℃.At each level of oxygen availability,the maximum crude oil removal rate always occurred at 25℃,and the treatments that included organic fertilizer exhibited the highest crude oil removal *** the treatments without oxygen providers,treatments without surfactants had the highest crude oil removal rates,and with a

关键词： Bioremediation Petroleum-contaminated soil Hydrocarbon-degrading fungi Crude oil removal rate Influencing factors

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Combining Innovative CVTNet and Regularization Loss for Robust Adversarial Defense

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024年第5期39卷 1078-1093页

作者： Wang, Wei-Dong li, Zhi zhang, li Guizhou Univ Sch Comp Sci & Technol Lab Publ Big Data Guiyang 550025 Peoples R China

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to elaborately crafted and imperceptible adversarial perturbations. With the continuous development of adversarial attack methods, existing defense algorithms can no longer defend against them proficiently. Meanwhile, numerous studies have shown that vision transformer (ViT) has stronger robustness and generalization performance than the convolutional neural network (CNN) in various domains. Moreover, because the standard denoiser is subject to the error amplification effect, the prediction network cannot correctly classify all reconstruction examples. Firstly, this paper proposes a defense network (CVTNet) that combines CNNs and ViTs that is appended in front of the prediction network. CVTNet can effectively eliminate adversarial perturbations and maintain high robustness. Furthermore, this paper proposes a regularization loss (LCPL\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\mathcal{L}_{\text{CPL}}$$\end{document}), which optimizes the CVTNet by computing different losses for the correct prediction set (CPS) and the wrong prediction set (WPS) of the reconstruction examples, respectively. The evaluation results on several standard benchmark datasets show that CVTNet performs better robustness than other advanced methods. Compared with state-of-the-art algorithms, the proposed CVTNet defense improves the average accuracy of pixel-constrained attack examples generated on the CIFAR-10 dataset by 24.25% and spatially-constrained attack examples by 14.06%. Moreover, CVTNet shows excellent generalizability in cross-model protection.

关键词： deep learning adversarial defense vision transformer image reconstruction

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Improvement of the Bayesian neural network to study the photoneutron yield cross sections

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第11期33卷 1-9页

作者： Yong-Yi li Fan zhang Jun Su Department of Computing Changzhi UniversityChangzhi 046011China Department of Physics Changzhi UniversityChangzhi 046011China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

This work is an attempt to improve the Bayesian neural network (BNN) for studying photoneutron yield cross sections as a function of the charge number Z, mass number A, and incident energy ε. The BNN was improved in terms of three aspects:numerical parameters, input layer, and network structure. First, by minimizing the deviations between the predictions and data, the numerical parameters, including the hidden layer number, hidden node number, and activation function, were selected. It was found that the BNN with three hidden layers, 10 hidden nodes, and sigmoid activation function provided the smallest deviations. Second, based on known knowledge,such as the isospin dependence and shape effect, the optimal ground-state properties were selected as input neurons. Third, the Lorentzian function was applied to map the hidden nodes to the output cross sections, and the empirical formula of the Lorentzian parameters was applied to link some of the input nodes to the output cross sections. It was found that the last two aspects improved the predictions and avoided overfitting, especially for the axially deformed nucleus.

关键词： Bayesian neural network Photoneutron cross sections Giant dipole resonance

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Rare Earth Doped New Cemented Carbide with Ni-Co Binder for Mining

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Journal of Central South University 2000年第3期12卷 143-145页

作者： zhang li CHEN Shu Powder Metallurgy Factory Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Changsha Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Changsha 410012China

A method, doping WC with La(NO 3) 3, of producing cemented carbide with rare earth was introduced. The effects of lanthanum on the mechanical properties and microstructure of WC 9(Co 75%Ni) cemented carbide were studied and a rock drilling experiment was carried *** experimental results show that both transverse rupture strength (TRS) and hardness of WC 9(Co 75%Ni) rare earth cemented carbides can match that of WC 9Co cemented carbide, when La 2O 3 / (Co+Ni) ratio is 0.3%, the abnormal growth of WC grain in the cemented carbide can be restrained effectively, the homogeneity of grain size in microstructure and the wear resistance are improved, which can be matchable to that of WC 9Co cemented carbide for mining.

关键词： cemented carbide rare earth cobalt substitution application

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GPS in pollen tubes: Found!

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Science China(life Sciences) 2016年第4期59卷 438-439页

作者： Sha li Yan zhang State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural University

Sexual reproduction of flowering plants depends on the delivery of two immotile sperm cells to the female gametophyte（FG）,*** embryo sac,through the growth of a pollen tube,a long cylindrical cellular extension from a pollen *** journey of pollen tubes toward the embryo sacs is led by female cues,which guide the path of the pollen tubes.

关键词： pollen embryo fertilization Recognition flowering sperm journey directional reproduction toward

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Disparate expression of autophagy in corneas of C57BL/6 mice and BALB/c mice after Aspergillus fumigatus infection

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第5期12卷 705-710页

作者： Chen-Yu li Cui li Hui li Gui-Qiu Zhao Jing lin Qian Wang Xu-Dong Peng qiang Xu Guo-qiang Zhu Jia-Qian Jiang Department of Ophthalmology the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University

AIM: To determine the disparate expression of autophagy in the Aspergillus fumigatus(A. fumigatus) keratitis between susceptible C57 BL/6 mice and resistant BALB/c ***: C57 BL/6 and BALB/c mice were used to establish fungal keratitis models. Disease severity and inflammatory response were observed by slit lamp microscopy in A. fumigatus-infected corneas of C57 BL/6 and BALB/c mice at 1, 3 and 5 d. Hematoxylin-eosin(H&E) staining was used to detect pathological changes of corneas. The expression of autophagy-related proteins Beclin-1, LC3, SQSTM1/p62, and LAMP-1 was assessed by Western blot in C57 BL/6 and BALB/c mice at 1, 3 and 5 d post infection(p.i.). Immunofluorescent staining was used to test the expression of LC3 in corneas after A. fumigatus ***: Keratitis severity was higher in C57 BL/6 mice versus BALB/c mice at 1, 3 and 5 d p.i. H&E staining showed that the number of inflammatory cells was larger and the severity of ulcer was higher in C57 BL/6 mice than in BALB/c mice after stimulation with A. fumigatus. Higher expression of LAMP-1, Beclin-1, and LC3 was shown in C57 BL/6 mice corneas than in BALB/c mice corneas at 1, 3 and 5 d p.i., while the expression of p62 was lower in C57 BL/6 mice. The fluorescence of LC3 was significantly increased in corneas of C57 BL/6 mice compared with BALB/c mice after A. fumigatus ***: The expression of autophagy is higher in corneas of C57 BL/6 mice than in BALB/c mice afterA. fumigatus infection. Autophagy may be positively correlated with keratitis severity and pathological changes.

关键词： fungal keratitis Aspergillus fumigatus autophagy

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Additivity of pore structural parameters of granular activated carbons derived from different coals and their blends

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2016年第4期26卷 661-667页

作者： Yao Xin Xie qiang Yang Chuan zhang Bo Wan Chaoran Cui Shanshan School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Department of Chemical and Food Engineering Hefei University of Technology

A series of granular activated carbons （GACs） were prepared by briquetting method from Chinese coals of different ranks and their blends, with coal pitch as the binder. Pore structural parameters including BET specific surface area （SBEr）, total pore volume （Vr） and average pore diameter （da） were measured and cal- culated as well as process parameters such as yield of char （CY） and burn-off （B）. The relationship between the pore structural parameters of the GAC from coal blend （BC-GAC） and the ones of the GACs from corresponding single coals （SC-GACs） was analyzed, in which an index, the relative error （δ）, was presented to define the bias between fitted values and experimental values of these parameters of the BC-GACs. The results show that the BC-GAC keeps qualitatively the pore structural features of the SC-GACs; as concerned as the quantitative relationship, the pore structural parameters of the BC-GAC from coal blend consisting of non-caking coals can be obtained by adding proportionally the pore structural parameters of the SC-GACs with a less than 10%. Meanwhile, for the BC-GAC from coal blend containing weak caking bituminous coal, the δ increases up to 25% and the experimental pore size distribution differs greatly from the fitted one.

关键词： Granular activated carbon Coal blend Pore structural parameters Additivity

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Assessing low-light cameras with photon transfer curve method

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2016年第3期9卷 35-51页

作者： Luchang li Mengting li Zhaoning zhang Zhen-li Huang Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P.R.China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Photonics of Ministry of Education Department of Biomedical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074P.R.China

Low-light camera is an indispensable component in various°uorescence microscopy ***,choosing an appropriate low-light camera for a speci¯c technique(for example,single molecule imaging)is always time-consuming and sometimes confusing,especially after the commercialization of a new type of camera called sCMOS camera,which is now receiving heavy demands and high praise from both academic and industrial *** this tutorial,we try to provide a guide on how to fully access the performance of low-light cameras using a well-developed method called photon transfer curve(PTC).We¯rst present a brief explanation on the key parameters for characterizing low-light cameras,then explain the experimental procedures on how to measure *** also show the application of the PTC method in experimentally quantifying the performance of two representative low-light ***,we extend the PTC method to provide o®set map,read noise map,and gain map of individual pixels inside a camera.

关键词： Photon transfer curve EMCCD sCMOS SNR

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Recent Advances in Non-Precious Metal-Nitrogen-Carbon Single-Site Catalysts for CO_(2)Electroreduction Reaction to CO

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Electrochemical Energy Reviews 2022年第4期5卷 222-252页

作者： Yiqun Chen Junru zhang lijun Yang Xizhang Wang qiang Wu Zheng Hu Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023JiangsuChina

The carbon dioxide electroreduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to fuels and/or chemicals is an efficient prospective strategy to realize global carbon management using intermittent electric energy harvested from renewable *** efficient inexpensive electrocatalysts are required to achieve high energy and Faradaic efficiencies as well as fast ***-nitrogen-carbon(M-N-C)single-site catalysts(SSCs)are highly competitive over precious metal catalysts in the CO_(2)RR to CO due to their high performance,easy regulation and low *** the past six years,intensive studies of M-N-C SSCs for CO_(2)RR to CO have been performed,and great progress has been *** review focuses on the important topic of CO_(2)RR to CO with M-N-C *** first introduce the reaction mechanism of the CO_(2)RR to CO and the regulation of the electronic structure from a theoretical ***,the construction of M-N-C SSCs and the regulation of the electronic structure are demonstrated *** up-to-date electrocatalytic performance of M-N-C SSCs with different metal centers(Ni,Fe,Co and others)is summarized and compared systematically to highlight structure-performance correlations that were considered from both theoretical and experimental ***,the opportunities,challenges and future outlooks are summarized to deepen and widen research and applications in this promising field.

关键词： CO_(2)electroreduction reaction Metal-nitrogen-carbon Single-site catalysts Electronic structure CO

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