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geographical Agglomeration of Chinese Manufacturing Industries

中国人口·资源与环境：英文版 2007年第2期5卷 3-11页

作者： zhang hua 1, 2. zheng wei3.1. institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research, Chinese {2. of {3., beijing 100101, China 2. Graduate School of the Chinese {2. of {3., beijing 10003., China 3. School of Geography, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, China institute of geographical {2. and {3. resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of the Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China School of Geography Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Based on the plant level data from the First National Census of Basic Units, the Second National Census of Basic Units, and the First National Economic Census of China, this paper ex- amines the geographical agglomeration of Chinese manufacturing industries at a more disaggregated level both by industrial classi-fication and spatial unit analysis. Applying the agglomeration index proposed by Maurel and Sedillot, studies show that the most agglomerated industries are resource-intensive, and capital and technology intensive while industries demanding localized inputs or serving localized markets or favored by local governments are fairly dispersed. The more disaggregated industries are more spa- tially agglomerated. At the finer spatial scale, industries are more dispersed. Results indicate that within-county spillovers are stronger than nearby-county spillovers, and within-prefecture spillovers are stronger than nearby prefecture spillovers. Local- ized spillovers are still quite substantial at a range beyond that of counties. Comparing the agglomeration index of Chinese manu- facturing industries in 1996, 2.01 and 2.04, agglomeration seems to be a general tendency. Results also indicate that some industries have experienced remarkable changes in their levels of agglom- eration in the period 1996–2.04.

关键词： industrial agglomeration manufacturing industries the MS index

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Quantitative estimation of the shrub canopy LAI from atmosphere-corrected HJ-1 CCD data in Mu Us Sandland

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Science China Earth sciences 2010年第S1期53卷 26-33页

作者： CHEN wei1,2,CAO ChunXiang1,HE QiSheng1,2,GUO huaDong3.zhang Hao1,2,LI RenQiang4,{3. Sheng1,2,XU Min1,2,GAO MengXu1,2,ZHAO Jian1,2,LI Sha1,NI XiLiang1,2,JIA HuiCong1,JI wei1,TIAN Rong1,2,LIU Cheng1,2,ZHAO YuXing5 & LI JingLu6 1 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Jointly Sponsored by the institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese {3. of sciences and beijing Normal University,beijing 100101,China 2 Graduate University of Chinese {3. of sciences,beijing 100049,China 3.Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth,Chinese {3. of sciences,beijing 100190,China 4 China Key Laboratory of Ecological Network Observation and Modeling,institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research,Chinese {3. of sciences,beijing 100101,China 5 Ordos Forestry Sand Control Science institute,Dongsheng 017000,China 6 Inner Mongolia Biomass Thermoelectricity Limited Company,Wushen 0173.0,China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing China Graduate University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing China Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China China Key Laboratory of Ecological Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Ordos Forestry Sand Control Science institute Dongsheng China Inner Mongolia Biomass Thermoelectricity Limited Company Wushen China

The leaf area index(LAI) is an important ecological parameter that characterizes the interface between vegetation canopy and the *** addition,it is used by most process-oriented ecosystem *** paper investigates the potential of HJ-1 CCD data combined with linear spectral unmixing and an inverted geometric-optical model for the retrieval of the shrub LAI in Wushen Banner of Inner Mongolia in the Mu Us ***(Moderate Resolution Atmospheric Radiance and Transmittance Model) was used for atmospheric *** was extracted using the threshold of the normalized difference vegetation index,with which water bodies and farmland were separated,in combination with a vegetation map of the People's Republic of China(1:1000000).Using the geometric-optical model,we derive the per-pixel reflectance as a simple linear combination of two components,namely sunlit background and *** fraction of sunlit background is related to the shrub *** the support of HJ-1 CCD data,we employ linear spectral unmixing to obtain the fraction of sunlit background in an atmospherically corrected HJ *** addition,we use the measured shrub canopy structural parameters for shrub communities to invert the geometric-optical model and retrieve the pixel-based shrub *** total,18 sample plots collected in Wushen Banner of Inner Mongolia are used for *** results of the shrub LAI show good agreement with R2.of 0.817 and a root-mean-squared error of 0.173.

关键词： shrub leaf area index inversion HJ-1 data geometric-optical model MODTRAN Mu Us Sandland

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Health risks and sources of trace elements and black carbon in PM_(2.5)from 2.19 to 2.2. in beijing

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第8期142卷 69-82页

作者： Chenjie hua wei Ma Feixue {2. Yusheng {3. Jiali Xie Li Ma Boying Song Chao Yan Hongyan Li Zhen Liu Qian Liu Markku Kulmala Yongchun Liu Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China institute for Atmospheric and Earth System research Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki 00014Finland School of Environment and Safety Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

A comprehensive health risk assessment of PM_(2.5)is meaningful to understand the current status and directions regarding further improving air quality from the perspective of human *** this study,we evaluated the health risks of PM_(2.5)as well as highly toxic inorganic components,including heavy metals(HMs)and black carbon(BC)based on longterm observations in beijing from 2.19 to *** results showed that the relative risks of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,lung cancer,acute lower respiratory tract infection,ischemic heart disease,and stroke decreased by 4.07%-9.3.%in 2.2. and 2.12.-6.70%in2.2. compared with ***,they were still at high levels ranging from 1.2. to 1.77,in particular,stroke showed the highest value in *** had the highest hazard quotient(HQ,from 2.18 to 2.56)for adults from 2.19 to 2.2.,while Ni,Cr,Pb,As,and BC showed high carcinogenic risks(CR>1.0×10^(-6))for *** HQ values of Mn and As and the CR values of Pb and As showed constant or slight upwards trends during our observations,which is in contrast to the downward trends of other HMs and PM_(2.5).Mn,Cr,and BC are crucial toxicants in PM_(2.5).A significant shrink of southern region sourcesof HMs and BCshrank suggests the increased importance of local ***,dust,and biomass burning are the major contributors to the non-carcinogenic risks,while traffic emissions and industry are the dominant contributors to the carcinogenic risks in beijing.

关键词： PM_(2.5) Heavy metals Black carbon Health risk Source apportionment

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Scale effects of leaf area index inversion based on environmental and disaster monitoring satellite data

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Science China Earth sciences 2010年第S1期53卷 92-98页

作者： zhang Hao1,LI XiaoWen1,2.CAO ChunXiang1,YANG hua2.GAO MengXu1,3.{2. Sheng1,3.XU Min1,3.XIE DongHui2.JIA HuiCong1,JI {3.1,ZHAO Jian1,3.CHEN {3.1,3.& NI XiLiang1,3.1 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Jointly Sponsored by institute of Remote Sensing Applications,Chinese {3. of sciences and beijing Normal University,beijing 100101,China 2.State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Jointly Sponsored by beijing Normal University and institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese {3. of sciences,beijing 100875,China 3.Graduate University of Chinese {3. of sciences,beijing 100049,China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal University and Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

The spatial distribution of sub-pixel components has an impact on retrieval accuracy,and should be accounted for when inverting a three-dimensional adiative transfer model to retrieve leaf area index(LAI).To investigate this effect,we constructed three realistic scenarios with the same LAI values and other properties,except that the simulated plants had different *** implemented the radiosity method to subsequently produce synthetic bidirectional reflectance factor(BRF) datasets based upon these simulated *** inversion was conducted using these data,which showed that spatial distribution affects retrieval *** inversion was also conducted for LAI based on charge-coupled device(CCD) data from the Environment and Disaster Monitor Satellite(HJ-1),which depicted both forest and drought-resistant crop land *** showed that heterogeneity in coarse-resolution remote sensing data is the main error source in LAI *** spatial distribution of global fractal dimension index,which can be used to describe the area of sub-pixel components and their spatial distribution modes,shows good consistency with the coarse resolution LAI inversion error.

关键词： HJ-1 leaf area index scale effect spatial distribution

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Observation of spectral lines in the exceptional GRB 2.1009A

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第8期67卷 187-206页

作者： Yan-Qiu zhang Shao-Lin Xiong Ji-Rong Mao Shuang-Nan zhang Wang-Chen Xue Chao {3. Jia-Cong Liu Zhen zhang Xi-Lu Wang Ming-Yu Ge Shu-Xu Yi Li-Ming Song {3.-hua An Ce Cai Xin-Qiao Li Wen-Xi Peng Wen-Jun Tan Chen-wei Wang Xiang-Yang Wen Yue Wang Shuo Xiao Fan zhang Peng zhang Shi-Jie {3. Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650011China Center for Astronomical Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China College of Physics and Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics research and Application Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

As the brightest gamma-ray burst ever observed,GRB 2.1009A provided a precious opportunity to explore spectral line *** this article,we performed a comprehensive spectroscopy analysis of GRB 2.1009A jointly with GECAM-C and Fermi/GBM data to search for emission and absorption *** the first time we investigated the line feature throughout this GRB including the most bright part where many instruments suffered problems,and identified prominent emission lines in multiple time *** central energy of the Gaussian emission line evolves from about 3. to 6 MeV,with a nearly constant ratio(about 10%)between the line width and central ***,we find that both the central energy and the energy flux of the emission line evolve with time as a power law decay with power law index of–1 and–2.*** suggest that the observed emission lines most likely origin from the blue-shifted electron positron pair annihilation 511 ke V *** find that a standard high latitude emission scenario cannot fully interpret the observation,thus we propose that the emission line comes from some dense clumps with electron positron pairs traveling together with the *** this scenario,we can use the emission line to directly,for the first time,measure the bulk Lorentz factor of the jet(Γ)and reveal its time evolution(i.e.,Γ~t^(-1))during the prompt ***,we find that the flux of the annihilation line in the co-moving frame keeps *** discoveries of the spectral line features shed new and important lights on the physics of GRB and relativistic jet.

关键词： GRB GRB 2.1009A emission line

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Detector performance of the Gamma-ray Transient Monitor onboard DRO-A satellite

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第11期67卷 75-90页

作者： Pei-Yi Feng zheng-hua An Da-Li {2. Chen-{3. Wang Chao zheng Sheng Yang Shao-Lin Xiong Jia-Cong Liu Xin-Qiao Li Ke Gong Xiao-Jing Liu Min Gao Xiang-Yang Wen Ya-Qing Liu Xiao-Yun Zhao Fan {2. Xi-Lei Sun Hong Lu Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The Gamma-ray Transient Monitor(GTM) is an all-sky monitor onboard the Distant Retrograde Orbit-A(DRO-A) satellite with the scientific objective of detecting gamma-ray transients ranging from 2. ke V to 1 MeV. The GTM was equipped with five Gamma-ray Transient Probe(GTP) detector modules utilizing a NaI(Tl) scintillator coupled with a SiPM array. To reduce the SiPM noise, GTP uses a dedicated dual-channel coincident readout design. In this work, we first studied the impact of different coincidence times on the detection efficiency and ultimately selected a 0.5 μs time coincidence window for offline data processing. To test the performance of the GTPs and validate the Monte-Carlo-simulated energy response, we conducted comprehensive ground calibration tests using the Hard X-ray Calibration Facility(HXCF) and radioactive sources, including the energy response, detection efficiency, spatial response, bias-voltage response, and temperature dependence. We extensively present the ground calibration results and validate the design and mass model of the GTP detector, thus providing the foundation for in-flight observations and scientific data analysis.

关键词： NaI(Tl)detector energy response ground calibration gamma-ray detector DRO-A satellite

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Atom-referenced and stabilized soliton microcomb

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 2-8页

作者： Rui Niu Shuai Wan Tian-Peng hua {2.-Qiang Wang {3.-Yu Wang Jin Li Zhu-Bo Wang Ming Li Zhen Shen Yu Robert Sun Shui-Ming Hu Brent ELittle Sai Tak Chu {2. Zhao Guang-Can Guo Chang-Ling Zou Yun-Feng Xiao Wen-Fu zhang Chun-hua Dong State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710119China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Physics and Materials Science City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

For the applications of the frequency comb in microresonators,it is essential to obtain a fully frequency-stabilized microcomb laser *** this study,we present a system for generating a fully atom-referenced stabilized soliton *** pump light around 1560.48 nm is locked to an ultra-low-expansion(ULE)*** pump light is then frequency-doubled and referenced to the atomic transition *** repetition rate of the soliton microcomb is injection-locked to an atomic-clockstabilized radio frequency(RF)source,leading to mHz stabilization at 1 *** a result,all comb lines have been frequencystabilized based on the atomic reference and the ULE cavity,achieving a very high precision of approximately 18 Hz at 1 s,corresponding to the frequency stability of 9.5×10^(-14).Our approach provides a fully stabilized microcomb experiment scheme with no requirement of f-2. technique,which could be easily implemented and generalized to various photonic platforms,thus paving the way towards the ultraprecise optical sources for high precision spectroscopy.

关键词： microcavity frequency comb dissipative Kerr solitons fully stabilized microcomb

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Melatonin decreases GSDME mediated mesothelial cell pyroptosis and prevents peritoneal fibrosis and ultrafiltration failure

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Science China(Life sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 360-378页

作者： Hongxia Ruan Xuejuan Li Lina Zhou Zihan zheng Rulin hua Xu Wang Yuan Wang Yujie Fan Shuwen Guo Lihua Wang Shafiq ur Rahman Zi{3. Wang Yuyuan {3. Shuangyan Yu Rongzhi zhang Qian Cheng Jie Sheng Xue Li Xiaoyan Liu Ruqiang Yuan Xiaoyan zhang Lihong Chen Guowang Xu Youfei Guan Jing Nie Hongqiang Qin Feng zheng Advanced institute for Medical sciences Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China Department of Nephrology Second HospitalDalian Medical UniversityDalian 116023China CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Chongqing International institute for Immunology Chongqing 401320China Department of Nephrology Shenzhen HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityShenzhen 518101China Wuhu Hospital and Health Science Center East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Peking University First Hospital Peking UniversityBeijing 100034China

Peritoneal fibrosis together with increased capillaries is the primary cause of peritoneal dialysis *** cell loss is an initiating event for peritoneal *** find that the elevated glucose concentrations in peritoneal dialysate drive mesothelial cell pyroptosis in a manner dependent on caspase-3.and Gasdermin E,driving downstream inflammatory responses,including the activation of ***,pyroptosis is associated with elevated vascular endothelial growth factor A and C,two key factors in vascular angiogenesis and lymphatic vessel *** deficiency mice are protected from high glucose induced peritoneal fibrosis and ultrafiltration *** of melatonin abrogates mesothelial cell pyroptosis through a MT1R-mediated action,and successfully reduces peritoneal fibrosis and angiogenesis in an animal model while preserving dialysis ***,melatonin treatment maintains mitochondrial integrity in mesothelial cells,meanwhile activating m TOR signaling through an increase in the glycolysis product dihydroxyacetone *** effects together with quenching free radicals by melatonin help mesothelial cells maintain a relatively stable internal environment in the face of high-glucose ***,Melatonin treatment holds some promise in preserving mesothelium integrity and in decreasing angiogenesis to protect peritoneum function in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

关键词： melatonin mitochondria pyroptosis GSDME peritoneal fibrosis mTOR

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A centromere map based on super pan-genome highlights the structure and function of rice centromeres

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 196-207页

作者： Yang Lv Congcong Liu Xiaoxia Li Yueying Wang Huiying He Wenchuang He Wu Chen Longbo Yang Xiaofan Dai Xinglan Cao Xiaoman Yu Jiajia Liu Bin zhang hua {3. Hong zhang Hongge Qian Chuanlin Shi Yue Leng Xiangpei Liu Mingliang Guo Xianmeng Wang Zhipeng zhang Tianyi Wang Bintao zhang Qiang Xu Yan Cui Qianqian zhang Qiaoling Yuan Noushin Jahan Jie Ma Xiaoming zheng Yongfeng Zhou Qian Qian Longbiao Guo Lianguang Shang State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China Yazhouwan National Laboratory No.8 Huanjin RoadYazhou DistrictSanya City 572024China National Key Facility for Crop Gene resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Rice(Oryza sativa)is a significant crop worldwide with a genome shaped by various evolutionary *** centromeres are crucial for chromosome segregation,and contain some unreported *** to the diverse and complex centromere region,a comprehensive understanding of rice centromere structure and function at the population level is *** constructed a high-quality centromere map based on the rice super pangenome consisting of a 2.1-accession panel comprising both cultivated and wild species of Asian and African *** showed that rice centromeres have diverse satellite repeat CentO,which vary across chromosomes and subpopulations,reflecting their distinct evolutionary *** also revealed that long terminal repeats(LTRs),especially young Gypsy-type LTRs,are abundant in the peripheral CentO-enriched regions and drive rice centromere expansion and ***,high-quality genome assembly and complete telomere-to-telomere(T2.)reference genome enable us to obtain more centromeric genome information despite mapping and cloning of centromere genes being *** investigated the association between structural variations and gene expression in the rice centromere.A centromere gene,OsMAB,which positively regulates rice tiller number,was further confirmed by expression quantitative trait loci,haplotype analysis and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein9 *** revealing the new insights into the evolutionary patterns and biological roles of rice centromeres,our finding will facilitate future research on centromere biology and crop improvement.

关键词： centromere super pan-genome CentoO satellite repeat rice

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In-flight Energy Calibration of the GECAM Gamma-ray Detectors

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 48-57页

作者： Rui Qiao Dong-Ya Guo Wen-Xi Peng Yan-Qiu zhang Shuo Xiao Shao-Lin Xiong Chao zheng Chao-Yang Li Jia-Cong Liu Wang-Chen Xue Jian-Jian He zheng-{3. An Da-Li zhang Xin-Qiao Li Li-Ming Song Shi-Jie zheng Ke Gong Ya-Qing Liu Xin-Ying Song Xiao-Yun Zhao Xiang-Yang Wen Yan-Bing Xu Xiang Ma Xiao-Bo Li Ping Wang Yue {3.ng Ce Cai Qi-Bin Yi Yi Zhao Chen-wei Wang institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China China West Normal University Nanchong 637002China Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105China beijing Normal University Beijing 100875China

The Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor(GECAM)mission is designed to monitor the Gamma-Ray Bursts(GRBs)associated with gravitational waves and other high-energy transient *** mission consists of two microsatellites which are planned to operate at the opposite sides of the *** GECAM satellite could detect and localize GRBs in about 8 keV-5 MeV with its 2. Gamma-Ray Detectors(GRDs).In this work,we report the in-flight energy calibration of GRDs using the characteristic gamma-ray lines in the background spectra,and show their performance evolution during the commissioning ***,a preliminary cross-calibration of energy response with Fermi GBM data is also presented,validating the energy response of GRDs.

关键词： (stars:)gamma-ray burst:general instrumentation:detectors methods:data analysis

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