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geographical Agglomeration of {1. Manufacturing Industries

中国人口·资源与环境：英文版 2007年第2期5卷 3-11页

作者： zhang hua 1,{1., zheng wei3 1. institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 1.0039, china 3. School of Geography, beijing Normal University, beijing 1.0875, china institute of {1. sciences and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China School of Geography Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Based on the plant level data from the First National Census of Basic Units, the Second National Census of Basic Units, and the First National Economic Census of china, this paper ex- amines the {1. agglomeration of chinese manufacturing industries at a more disaggregated level both by industrial classi-fication and spatial unit analysis. Applying the agglomeration index proposed by Maurel and Sedillot, studies show that the most agglomerated industries are resource-intensive, and capital and technology intensive while industries demanding localized inputs or serving localized markets or favored by local governments are fairly dispersed. The more disaggregated industries are more spa- tially agglomerated. At the finer spatial scale, industries are more dispersed. Results indicate that within-county spillovers are stronger than nearby-county spillovers, and within-prefecture spillovers are stronger than nearby prefecture spillovers. Local- ized spillovers are still quite substantial at a range beyond that of counties. Comparing the agglomeration index of chinese manu- facturing industries in 1.96, 2001.and 2004, agglomeration seems to be a general tendency. Results also indicate that some industries have experienced remarkable changes in their levels of agglom- eration in the period 1.96–2004.

关键词： industrial agglomeration manufacturing industries the MS index

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Improving the accuracy of image-based forest fire recognition and spatial positioning

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Science china(Technological {1.) 2010年第S1期53卷 184-190页

作者： JIANG LiLi 1,QI QingWen 1,zhang An 1,GUO ChaoHui 2 & CHENG Xi 1,3 1 institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 2 china Center for resources Satellite Data and Applications,beijing 100094,china 3Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china chinese Acad Sci Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res Beijing 100101 Peoples R China china Ctr {1. Satellite Data & Applicat Beijing 100094 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Grad Univ Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Forest fires are frequent natural *** is necessary to explore advanced means to monitor,recognize and locate forest fires so as to establish a scientific system for the early detection,real-time positioning and quick fighting of forest *** paper mainly expounds methods and algorithms for improving accuracy and removing uncertainty in image-based forest fire recognition and spatial ***,we discuss a method of forest fire recognition in visible-light *** are four aspects to improve accuracy and remove uncertainty in fire recognition:(1.eliminating factors of interference such as road and sky with high brightness,red leaves,other colored objects and objects that are lit up at night,(2)excluding imaging for specific periods and azimuth angles for which interference phenomena repeatedly occur,(3)improving the thresholding method for determining the flame border in image processing by adjusting the threshold to the season,weather and region,and (4)integrating the visible-light image method with infrared image ***,we examine infrared-image-based methods and approaches of improving the accuracy of forest fire recognition by combining the spectrum threshold with an object feature value such as the normalized difference vegetation index and excluding factors of disturbance such as interference signals,extreme weather and high-temperature ***,a method of visible analysis to enhance the accuracy of forest fire positioning is examined and realized;the method includes decreasing the visual angle,selecting central points,selecting the largest spots,and judging the selection of fire spots according to the central *** studies are examined and the results are found to be satisfactory.

关键词： forest fire monitoring spatial positioning accuracy improvement

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Debris Flow Hazard Assessment Based on Support Vector Machine

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Wuhan University Journal of natural {1. 2006年第4期11卷 897-900页

作者： YUAN Lifeng 1, 2 , zhang Youshui 3 1. institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, chinese academy of sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, china 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 3. institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china institute of Mountain Hazards Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences 610041 Chengdu Sichuan China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences 100049 Beijing China institute of {1. sciences natural {1. research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China

Seven factors, including the maximum volume of once flow , occurrence frequency of debris flow , watershed area , main channel length , watershed relative height difference , valley incision density and the length ratio of sediment supplement are chosen as evaluation factors of debris flow hazard degree. Using support vector machine （SVM） theory, we selected 259 basic data of 37 debris flow channels in Yunnan Province as learning samples in this study. We create a debris flow hazard assessment model based on SVM. The model was validated though instance applications and showed encouraging results.

关键词： debris flow hazard assessment support vector machine (SVM)

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Optimization of mathematical models for thematic maps

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Science china(Technological {1.) 2010年第S1期53卷 15-24页

作者： QI QingWen1,zhang An1,JIANG LiLi1,ZOU XiuPing2,XU Li3 & CHENG Xi1,4 1 institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 2 institute of Policy and Management,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100080,china 3 Taishan University,Taian 271021,china 4 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china chinese Acad Sci Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res Beijing 100101 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Inst Policy & Management Beijing 100080 Peoples R China Taishan Univ Tai An 271021 Shandong Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Grad Univ Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

The thematic map is a major class of maps designed to demonstrate particular features or concepts,functioning as an indispensable tool in geographical *** process of thematic mapping is one into which geographical research goes deeply and *** key activity and course of thematic map production is the use of mathematical models to create thematic data ***,the selection and optimization of mathematical models is in the forefront of thematic map *** theoretical foundations,mechanisms and methods of mathematical model optimization are expounded in this paper,including two approaches,the phase by phase mode and the multi-aim scheme balance *** studies in eco-environment mapping and emergency mapping are described and analyzed,with a hierarchical analysis method being used in the model optimization for eco-environment fragility and sensitivity assessment mapping in Beibuwan (Guangxi) District,the dynamic system (DS) method being used in the model optimization for ecological security adjustment mapping in Xishuang Banna,Yunnan province,and the multi-phase mode being used in the models for forest fire and infectious diseases mapping.

关键词： thematic map mathematic model optimization

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Analysis and Modeling on the Spatial Structure of Urban Land Use: A Case of Jinan, china

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chinese Journal of Population,{1. and Environment 2007年第2期5卷 34-40页

作者： Zhao Huixia1, 3, zhang Zulu2, Jiang Luguang 1 1. institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2. College of Population, resources and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan Shandong 250014, china 3. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china institute of {1. sciences and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China College of Population Resources and Environment Shandong Normal University Jinan Shandong 250014 China

Based on the data of urban land use obtained by remote sensing interpretation from aero images in 1.86 and 2004, the spatial structure of Jinan is studied in this paper with the method of Geographic Information System (GIS). According to the proportion of land for residence, industry and commerce, the urban district can be distinguished into three rings. Compared with the traditional theory of the ring structure in Western coun- tries, they have many distinctive characteristics. The main func- tions of the inner ring include residence, business and banking, but the proportion of residential land (more than 50%) is considerably higher than that of the cities in Western countries. The land proportion for residence and industry in the intermediate ring is equal on the whole. The main land of the outside ring is for industrial use. From 1.86 to 2004, great changes have taken place on the land proportion of different types of use. In the inner ring, the land for residential and industrial use has shrunk much while the land for commercial use has increased. In the intermediate ring, the changes of the three types of land use were not very much and the temporal variation was relatively stable. On the contrary, the structure in the outside ring varies acutely. Though most of it is also for industrial use, the proportion of residential land has in- creased much. The three rings can also be divided into several sectors respectively, according to the function of land use clusters. New trends and mechanisms of the changes of land use impacting the urban structure were proposed in the end of the paper.

关键词： urban land use ring structure sector structure Jinan

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Effective solutions to a global 3D visual system in networking environments

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Science china Earth {1. 2005年第11期48卷 2032-2039页

作者： zhang Liqiang1,2, zhang Yan3, YANG Chongjun2, LIU Suhong1, REN Yingchao2, RUI Xiaoping2 & LIU Donglin2 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing sciences, School of Geography and Remote Sensing, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, china 2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing sciences, institute of Remote Sensing Applications, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 101001, china 3. institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 101001, china 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing sciences School of Geography and Remote Sensing Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 2. chinese academy of sciences State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing SciencesInstitute of Remote Sensing Applications 101001 Beijing China 3. institute of {1. sciences and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences 101001 Beijing China

The development of Web-based global 3D visual system has made progresses. However, there exist few mature and effective ways for managing, transmitting and visualizing massive spatial data. Based on the related work, the paper illustrates the ellipsoidal quadtree technique for rapid access multi-scale and multiple level geographical data, integrates the streaming with level-of-detail rendering method for transmitting the data on the network, and im-plements large-scale terrain surface simplification using M-band wavelet transforms and mul-tiresolution triangulations. We fulfil a web-based global terrain visual system using COM com-ponents on the basis of the above techniques. The system has a good prospect in the military simulation and city plans.

关键词： massive spatial data, streaming transmission, system architecture, M-band wavelet

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ANALYSIS OF DRIVING FORCES ON THE CHANGE OF HISTORICAL FARMLAND USE IN SHANDONG PROVINCE DURING THE QING DYNASTY (1.44-1.1.)

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chinese {1. Science 2003年第3期13卷 207-215页

作者： zhang Xue-in, GE Quan-heng, {1. Jing-un(institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, P. R. china) institute of Geographic {1. and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China

How land-cover has been changed by human use over the last 300 years is oneof the five overarching questions guiding the Land-use/Cover Change (LUCC) Science/research *** has variety of historical documents providing unique data superiority. So the characteristicsof farmland area in Shandong Province during the Qing Dynasty (1.44-1.1.) are summarized firstly: 1.the rising trend of farmland area was striking;{1.) farmland area had remarkable fluctuation; 3)farmland area per capita decreased dramatically; 4) wasteland reclamation index increased ***, the driving forces of farmland area change are analyzed. It is concluded that natural andhuman factors are jointly influential. Among the driving forces, human dimensions are the mainfactors of farmland area change, which direct the general tendency of the changes mentioned *** the natural factors influence the stability of farmland area as well. Variation of the naturalfactors would act as the major contributory factor to farmland area change during years or periodsof abrupt climatic changes, or during the intensive occurring periods of natural hazards. Besides,the passive aspects of human factors, such as war chaos also influenced the fluctuation of thefarmland area. This research indicates that it is feasible to study the land-use/cover change bychinese historical literatures, which has huge potential to provide a comprehensive picture of thegrowing dominance of human land-use and land-cover patterns that can be used in many global changeresearch projects.

关键词： farmland driving forces shandong province qing dynasty

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Microneedle patch loaded with ferritin-nanocaged doxorubicin for locally targeted drug delivery and efficient skin cancer treatment

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 282-289页

作者： Feng Li Yuan Yang hua Yue Shuang Wang Xiao zhang wei wei State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

Ferritin has emerged as a promising nanocarrier for delivering therapeutic agents to ***,the limited drug loading and the off-target impacts after systemic administration remain challenges for cancer treatment with ferritin-based ***,we develop a microneedle patch loaded with ferritin-nanocaged doxorubicin(DoxFe@Fn/MN)for skin cancer ***,doxorubicin(Dox)is encapsulated in ferritin(Fn)using an iron core-assisted strategy,which results in a 3.4-fold increase in Dox loading compared to the direct loading ***,a polyvinyl alcohol-based microneedle(MN)patch is used for the transdermal delivery of DoxFe@Fn,enabling targeted tumour accumulation of DoxFe@Fn and preventing off-target *** released DoxFe@Fn can bind to CD71.highly expressed on skin cancer cells,facilitating its *** a result,the DoxFe@Fn/MN therapy presents a robust antitumour effect in a melanoma tumour model,showing its potential as a promising therapeutic modality for skin cancer treatment.

关键词： Ferritin Microneedle Skin cancer Drug delivery

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Quantitative estimation of the shrub canopy LAI from atmosphere-corrected HJ-1.CCD data in Mu Us Sandland

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Science china Earth {1. 2010年第S1期53卷 26-33页

作者： CHEN wei1,2,CAO ChunXiang1,HE QiSheng1,2,GUO huaDong3,zhang Hao1,2,LI RenQiang4,zheng Sheng1,2,XU Min1,2,GAO MengXu1,2,ZHAO Jian1,2,LI Sha1,NI XiLiang1,2,JIA HuiCong1,JI wei1,TIAN Rong1,2,LIU Cheng1,2,ZHAO YuXing5 & LI JingLu6 1 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Jointly Sponsored by the institute of Remote Sensing Applications of chinese academy of sciences and beijing Normal University,beijing 100101,china 2 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china 3 Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100190,china 4 china Key Laboratory of Ecological Network Observation and Modeling,institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 5 Ordos Forestry Sand Control Science institute,Dongsheng 017000,china 6 Inner Mongolia Biomass Thermoelectricity Limited Company,Wushen 017300,china 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing 100101 China 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China 3. Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China 4. china Key Laboratory of Ecological Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 5. Ordos Forestry Sand Control Science institute Dongsheng 017000 China 6. Inner Mongolia Biomass Thermoelectricity Limited Company Wushen 017300 China

The leaf area index(LAI) is an important ecological parameter that characterizes the interface between vegetation canopy and the *** addition,it is used by most process-oriented ecosystem *** paper investigates the potential of HJ-1.CCD data combined with linear spectral unmixing and an inverted geometric-optical model for the retrieval of the shrub LAI in Wushen Banner of Inner Mongolia in the Mu Us ***(Moderate Resolution Atmospheric Radiance and Transmittance Model) was used for atmospheric *** was extracted using the threshold of the normalized difference vegetation index,with which water bodies and farmland were separated,in combination with a vegetation map of the People's Republic of china(1.1.00000).Using the geometric-optical model,we derive the per-pixel reflectance as a simple linear combination of two components,namely sunlit background and *** fraction of sunlit background is related to the shrub *** the support of HJ-1.CCD data,we employ linear spectral unmixing to obtain the fraction of sunlit background in an atmospherically corrected HJ *** addition,we use the measured shrub canopy structural parameters for shrub communities to invert the geometric-optical model and retrieve the pixel-based shrub *** total,1. sample plots collected in Wushen Banner of Inner Mongolia are used for *** results of the shrub LAI show good agreement with R2 of 0.81. and a root-mean-squared error of 0.1.3.

关键词： shrub leaf area index inversion HJ-1 data geometric-optical model MODTRAN Mu Us Sandland

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Scale effects of leaf area index inversion based on environmental and disaster monitoring satellite data

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Science china Earth {1. 2010年第S1期53卷 92-98页

作者： zhang Hao1,LI XiaoWen1,2,CAO ChunXiang1,YANG hua2,GAO MengXu1,3,zheng Sheng1,3,XU Min1,3,XIE DongHui2,JIA HuiCong1,JI wei1,ZHAO Jian1,3,CHEN wei1,3 & NI XiLiang1,3 1 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Jointly Sponsored by institute of Remote Sensing Applications,chinese academy of sciences and beijing Normal University,beijing 100101,china 2 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Jointly Sponsored by beijing Normal University and institute of Remote Sensing Applications of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100875,china 3 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing 100101 China2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal University and Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100875 China3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The spatial distribution of sub-pixel components has an impact on retrieval accuracy,and should be accounted for when inverting a three-dimensional adiative transfer model to retrieve leaf area index(LAI).To investigate this effect,we constructed three realistic scenarios with the same LAI values and other properties,except that the simulated plants had different *** implemented the radiosity method to subsequently produce synthetic bidirectional reflectance factor(BRF) datasets based upon these simulated *** inversion was conducted using these data,which showed that spatial distribution affects retrieval *** inversion was also conducted for LAI based on charge-coupled device(CCD) data from the Environment and Disaster Monitor Satellite(HJ-1.,which depicted both forest and drought-resistant crop land *** showed that heterogeneity in coarse-resolution remote sensing data is the main error source in LAI *** spatial distribution of global fractal dimension index,which can be used to describe the area of sub-pixel components and their spatial distribution modes,shows good consistency with the coarse resolution LAI inversion error.

关键词： HJ-1 leaf area index scale effect spatial distribution

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