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Research on Risk Identification and Industrial Governance of Digital Education Products Based on Data Annotation Technology

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China Communications 2024年第3期21卷 273-282页

作者： Tong Lili Zeng Jia Di ying Wang nan Faculty of Education Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875China China Unicom Beijing 102211China

The social transformation brought aboutby digital technology is deeply impacting various industries.Digital education products, with core technologiessuch as 5G, AI, IoT (Internet of Things),etc., are continuously penetrating areas such as teaching,management, and evaluation. Apps, miniprograms,and emerging large-scale models are providingexcellent knowledge performance and flexiblecross-media output. However, they also exposerisks such as content discrimination and algorithmcommercialization. This paper conducts anevidence-based analysis of digital education productrisks from four dimensions: “digital resourcesinformationdissemination-algorithm design-cognitiveassessment”. It breaks through corresponding identificationtechnologies and, relying on the diverse characteristicsof governance systems, explores governancestrategies for digital education products from the threedomains of “regulators-developers-users”.

关键词： digital education products industry governance risk identification

Gene therapy for monogenic disorders: challenges, strategies, and perspectives

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第2期51卷 133-143页

作者： Yi zhang Zhi-ying Wu Department of Medical Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310009China Department of Neurology Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310009China Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang 310009China

Monogenic disorders refer to a group of human diseases caused by mutations in single genes. While disease-modifying therapies have offered some relief from symptoms and delayed progression for some monogenic diseases, most of these diseases still lack effective treatments. In recent decades, gene therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for genetic disorders. Researchers have developed various gene manipulation tools and gene delivery systems to treat monogenic diseases. Despite this progress, concerns about inefficient delivery, persistent expression, immunogenicity, toxicity, capacity limitation, genomic integration, and limited tissue specificity still need to be addressed. This review gives an overview of commonly used gene therapy and delivery tools, along with the challenges they face and potential strategies to counter them.

关键词： Gene therapy Monogenic diseases Geneediting Genedelivery Challenges

Height and body mass index trajectories from 1975 to 2015 and prevalence of stunting,underweight and obesity in 2016 among children in Chinese cities:findings from five rounds of a national survey

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 404-412页

作者： Xin‑nan Zong Hui Li Ya‑Qin zhang Department of Growth and Development Capital Institute of PediatricsBeijing 100020China

Background A more comprehensive assessment of growth and nutrition in children is required in China due to rapid socioeconomic processes.We aimed to investigate height and body mass index(BMI)trajectories from 1975 to 2015 and the prevalence of stunting and obesity in 2016 among children in Chinese cities.Methods A total of 904,263 children from birth to 6.9 years were collected from a series of nationally representative surveys in China.Height and BMI trajectories and prevalence of stunting,underweight,overweight and obesity were assessed.Results The average height level of Chinese urban children under 7 years presented a positive secular trend from 1975 to 2015;however,a slowing tendency occurred in 2005‒2015.An apparent increase was observed at the 5th,50th and 95th percentiles of BMI in urban children aged 3 years and older,with a more prominent increase at the 95th percentile.The total prevalence of stunting and underweight under 7 years was 1.4%and 2.0%,respectively.The total prevalence of overweight and obesity under 7 years was 12.6%and 4.3%,respectively,with 12.7%and 4.9%for boys,12.6%and 3.6%for girls,12.1%and 4.0%in urban areas and 13.1%and 4.5%in suburban rural areas.Conclusions The average height level of Chinese urban children has reached World Health Organization child growth standards since 2005 and presented a slowing tendency in secular trend in 2005‒2015.More attention and efforts and public health interventions should be urgently made to combat overweight and obesity among preschool children.

关键词： Body mass index Children Height Obesity Stunting

Classification of knowledge graph completeness measurement techniques

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第1期35卷 154-162页

作者： zhang ying XIAO Gang Institute of Systems Engineering Academy of Military SciencesBeijing 100107China

At present,although knowledge graphs have been widely used in various fields such as recommendation systems,question and answer systems,and intelligent search,there are always quality problems such as knowledge omissions and errors.Quality assessment and control,as an important means to ensure the quality of knowledge,can make the applications based on knowledge graphs more complete and more accurate by reasonably assessing the knowledge graphs and fixing and improving the quality problems at the same time.Therefore,as an indispensable part of the knowledge graph construction process,the results of quality assessment and control determine the usefulness of the knowledge graph.Among them,the assessment and enhancement of completeness,as an important part of the assessment and control phase,determine whether the knowledge graph can fully reflect objective phenomena and reveal potential connections among entities.In this paper,we review specific techniques of completeness assessment and classify completeness assessment techniques in terms of closed world assumptions,open world assumptions,and partial completeness assumptions.The purpose of this paper is to further promote the development of knowledge graph quality control and to lay the foundation for subsequent research on the completeness assessment of knowledge graphs by reviewing and classifying completeness assessment techniques.

关键词： quality assessment completeness assessment closed world assumptions open world assumption partial completeness assumption

Study on Catalytic Behavior of Iron-based Catalyst with IITP as Electron Donor in the Polymerization of Butadiene

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第5期42卷 612-619,I0007页

作者： Shi-Liang Xu ying-nan Zhao Yao Yu Qi Yang Li-Hua Na Heng Liu Chun-Yu zhang Xue-Quan zhang Key Laboratory of Advanced Rubber Material Ministry of EducationSchool of Polymer Science and EngineeringQingdao University of Science&TechnologyQingdao266042China Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering School of Polymer Science and EngineeringQingdao University of Science&TechnologyQingdao266042China Key Lab of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Rubber-plasticsSchool of Polymer Science and EngineeringQingdao University of Science&TechnologyQingdao266042China

In this study,a novel iron-based catalyst system,Fe(acac)3/(isocyanoimino)triptenylphosphorane(IITP)/AlR3,was employed for the synthesis of syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene in hexane.This catalyst system exhibits remarkably high catalytic activity,achieving a polymerization activity of 762 kgpolymer·molcatalyst^(-1)·h^(-1)at 50℃with a[BD]/[Fe]molar ratio of 20000.Furthermore,living polymerization characteristic were observed during the investigation of the polymerization kinetics of 1,3-butadiene polymerization.These characteristics were well demonstrated by a narrow molecular weight distribution(PDI≈2.0)of the resulting polybutadiene and a linear relationship between-ln(1-c)and polymerization time as well as number average molecular weight and polymer yield.The resultant polymer showed a 1,2-selectivity of approximately 76%and stereoregularity ranging from 62%to 73%(rrrr).Additionally,through kinetic studies on polymerization reaction,an apparent activation energy Ea value of this catalytic system was calculated to be 84.98 kJ·mol^(-1),which suggests that high polymerization temperature favors efficient polymerization.

关键词： Iron catalyst Syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene Elastomers Donor Selectivity

A passive sampler for synchronously measuring inorganic and organic pollutants in sediment porewater:Configuration and field application

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 201-212页

作者： Pei Lei Mingying Chen nan Rong Wenzhong Tang Hong zhang School of Environment Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China South China Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510530China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Guangzhou 510530China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

In situ measurement of multiple pollutants coexisting in sediment porewater is an essential step in comprehensively assessing the bioavailability and risk of pollutants,but to date,this needs to be better developed.In this study,a passive sampler,consisting of an“I-shaped”supporting frame and inorganic/organic sampling units,incorporating equilibrium dialysis theory and kinetic/equilibrium sorption principle,was developed for the synchronous measurement of inorganic(e.g.,phosphorus and metal(loid)s)and organic pollutants(e.g.,parent and substituted PAHs).The equilibrium time and sampling rates were explored in laboratory tests to support in situ application.Profiles of pollutants in porewater within a vertical resolution of centimeters,i.e.,1 cm and 2 cm for inorganic and organic pollutants,respectively,were obtained by field deployment of the sampler for further estimation of diffusive fluxes across the sediment-water interface.The results suggested that the role of sediments for a specific pollutant may change(e.g.,from“sink”to“source”)during the sampling time.This study demonstrated the feasibility of synchronous measurement of inorganic and organic pollutants in sediment porewater by the passive sampler.In addition,it provided new insight for further investigation into the combined pollution effects of various pollutants in sediments.

关键词： Passive sampling Bioavailability Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Combined pollution Diffusive flux

Unveiling the mechanisms of Fe(Ⅲ)-loaded chitosan composite(CTS-Fe)in enhancing anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 200-211页

作者： Boaiqi zhang Ziwen Zhao RuiMa nan Chen Zhe Kong Zhongfang Lei Zhenya zhang Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba1-1-1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8572Japan The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of Education/State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems/College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China South China Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510345China School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

Anaerobic digestion(AD)of waste activated sludge(WAS)is usually limited by the low generation efficiency of methane.Fe(Ⅲ)-loaded chitosan composite(CTS-Fe)have been reported to effectively enhanced the digestion of WAS,but its role in promoting anaerobic sludge digestion remains unclear.In present study,the effects of CTS-Fe on the hydrolysis and methanogenesis stages of WAS anaerobic digestion were investigated.The addition of CTSFe increased methane production potential by 8%-23%under the tested conditions with the addition of 5-20 g/L CTS-Fe.Besides,the results demonstrate that the addition of CTS-Fe could effectively promote the hydrolysis of WAS,evidenced by lower protein or polysaccharides concentration,higher soluble organic carbon in rector adding CTS-Fe,as well as the increased activity of extracellular hydrolase with higher CTS-Fe concentration.Meanwhile,the enrichment of Clostridia abundance(iron-reducing bacteria(IRBs))was observed in CTS-Fe adding reactor(8.9%-13.8%),which was higher than that in the control reactor(7.9%).The observation further suggesting the acceleration of hydrolysis through dissimilatory iron reduction(DIR)process,thus providing abundant substrates for methanogenesis.However,the presence of CTS-Fe was inhibited the acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis process,which could be ascribed to the Fe(Ⅲ)act as electron acceptor coupled to methane for anaerobic oxidation.Furthermore,coenzyme F420 activity in the CTS-Fe added reactor was 34.9% lower than in the blank,also abundance of microorganisms involved in hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was decreased.Results from this study could provide theoretical support for the practical applications of CTS-Fe.

关键词： Chitosan-Fe(Ⅲ)composite Methanogenesis Dissimilatory iron reduction Enzyme activity Microbial community structure

Deep Guided Attention Network for Joint Denoising and Demosaicing in Real Image

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 303-312页

作者： Tao zhang ying FU Jun zhang School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Advanced Reasearch Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology

Denoising(DN) and demosaicing(DM) are the first crucial stages in the image signal processing pipeline. Recently, researches pay more attention to solve DN and DM in a joint manner, which is an extremely undetermined inverse problem. Existing deep learning methods learn the desired prior on synthetic dataset, which limits the generalization of learned network to the real world data. Moreover, existing methods mainly focus on the raw data property of high green information sampling rate for DM, but occasionally exploit the high intensity and signalto-noise(SNR) of green channel. In this work, a deep guided attention network(DGAN) is presented for real image joint DN and DM(JDD), which considers both high SNR and high sampling rate of green information for DN and DM, respectively. To ease the training and fully exploit the data property of green channel, we first train DN and DM sub-networks sequentially and then learn them jointly, which can alleviate the error accumulation. Besides, in order to support the real image JDD, we collect paired raw clean RGB and noisy mosaic images to conduct a realistic dataset. The experimental results on real JDD dataset show the presented approach performs better than the state-of-the-art methods, in terms of both quantitative metrics and qualitative visualization.

关键词： Image denoising Image demosaicing Joint processing Guided attention Paired real dataset

Prioritization of risk genes in colorectal cancer by integrative analysis of multi-omics data and gene networks

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 132-148页

作者： Ming zhang Xiaoyang Wang nan Yang Xu Zhu Zequn Lu Yimin Cai Bin Li ying Zhu Xiangpan Li Yongchang Wei Shaokai zhang Jianbo Tian Xiaoping Miao Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDepartment of Gastrointestinal OncologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityDepartment of Radiation OncologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityTaiKang Center for Life and Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Research Center of Public Health Renmin hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Department of Cancer Epidemiology The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University&Henan Cancer HospitalHenan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and ControlHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer PreventionZhengzhou 450008China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Department of Radiation Oncology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Hubei Cancer Clinical Study CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430062China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430073China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Genome-wide association studies(GWASs)have identified over 140 colorectal cancer(CRC)-associated loci;however,target genes at the majority of loci and underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood.Here,we utilized a Bayesian approach,integrative risk gene selector(iRIGS),to prioritize risk genes at CRC GWAS loci by integrating multi-omics data.As a result,a total of 105 high-confidence risk genes(HRGs)were identified,which exhibited strong gene dependencies for CRC and enrichment in the biological processes implicated in CRC.Among the 105 HRGs,CEBPB,located at the 20q13.13 locus,acted as a transcription factor playing critical roles in cancer.Our subsequent assays indicated the tumor promoter function of CEBPB that facilitated CRC cell proliferation by regulating multiple oncogenic pathways such as MAPK,PI3K-Akt,and Ras signaling.Next,by integrating a fine-mapping analysis and three independent case-control studies in Chinese populations consisting of 8,039 cases and 12,775 controls,we elucidated that rs1810503,a putative functional variant regulating CEBPB,was associated with CRC risk(OR=0.90,95%CI=0.86–0.93,P=1.07×10^(−7)).The association between rs1810503 and CRC risk was further validated in three additional multi-ancestry populations consisting of 24,254 cases and 58,741 controls.Mechanistically,the rs1810503 A to T allele change weakened the enhancer activity in an allele-specific manner to decrease CEBPB expression via longrange promoter-enhancer interactions,mediated by the transcription factor,REST,and thus decreased CRC risk.In summary,our study provides a genetic resource and a generalizable strategy for CRC etiology investigation,and highlights the biological implications of CEBPB in CRC tumorigenesis,shedding new light on the etiology of CRC.

关键词： susceptibility genes gene screening models multi-omics GWAS CEBPB long-range promoter-enhancer interactions