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数实融合背景下平台经济优化乡村产业链的机制

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中国流通经济 2024年第2期38卷 13-23页

作者：孙晓张颖熙中国社会科学院大学商学院北京市102488 中国社会科学院财经战略研究院北京市100006

促进数实融合是顺应经济高质量发展新趋势、发掘经济增长新动能的战略选择。数实融合以平台为中枢,有效整合技术与数据并在不同场景应用,实现价值增值。由平台发展衍生而来的平台经济,已经成为数字经济时代主要的经济组织形态和市场运... 详细信息

促进数实融合是顺应经济高质量发展新趋势、发掘经济增长新动能的战略选择。数实融合以平台为中枢,有效整合技术与数据并在不同场景应用,实现价值增值。由平台发展衍生而来的平台经济,已经成为数字经济时代主要的经济组织形态和市场运行模式,具有典型的网络效应、普惠效应、创新效应、价值创造效应,通过提质、增效、扩容为传统产业转型升级构筑新动能。当前,我国乡村产业链面临现代生产要素缺失、产业创新驱动不足、产业链条过短、产业协同能力不足、产业链数字化综合运营能力有待提升等问题。平台经济基于自身特性,能够通过优化乡村产业链要素投入结构、打造纵向延伸与横向拓展的双向一体化,助力乡村产业链全链路数字化升级,实现对乡村产业链的补链、延链、强链作用。促进平台经济与乡村产业链深度融合、释放新发展动能是一项系统工程,需要政府、平台企业、社会多方协同,围绕乡村产业链,部署创新链,提升价值链,推动产业主体、产业结构与产业模式同步创新,以乡村产业链升级助力现代农业农村经济体系构建。

关键词：数实融合平台经济乡村产业链数字化转型

以数字技术推动人口高质量发展——基于健康人力资本的跨国实证研究

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学习与探索 2024年第1期 110-122,176页

作者：张颖熙谭诗异中国社会科学院财经战略研究院中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院

数字技术在促进经济增长和改善社会福祉方面发挥了积极作用,成为实现经济和社会高质量发展的重要引擎。数字技术是促进健康人力资本积累的重要途径和实现人口高质量发展的关键支撑。本文从理论层面系统阐述了数字技术促进健康人力资本... 详细信息

数字技术在促进经济增长和改善社会福祉方面发挥了积极作用,成为实现经济和社会高质量发展的重要引擎。数字技术是促进健康人力资本积累的重要途径和实现人口高质量发展的关键支撑。本文从理论层面系统阐述了数字技术促进健康人力资本积累的逻辑机制,并采用全球118个国家1990—2020年跨国面板数据,结合不同国家经济发展水平差异,从人口“生命长度和生命质量”两个维度,实证检验数字技术对健康人力资本积累的具体影响。研究发现,数字技术在大健康领域的广泛应用,有助于降低人口死亡率、提高人口健康预期寿命,进而促进健康人力资本积累;其作用途径主要通过提高政府卫生支出效率、提升数字健康素养、增加闲暇时间和促进环境改善四个路径来实现;数字技术在改善健康人力资本方面的差异与国家经济发展水平差距密切相关。基于以上分析,研究认为应加大医疗技术创新,发挥新型举国体制的优势,集中力量技术攻关,实现现代数字技术、医疗健康大数据、医疗全流程、医疗健康行业相关方多要素融合,创新中国式精准医疗发展模式。

关键词：数字技术人口高质量发展中国式现代化健康人力资本生命长度生命质量

新质生产力赋能文化旅游业高质量发展的理论逻辑与发展路径

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经济问题 2024年第9期 16-23页

作者：叶紫青张颖熙中国社会科学院大学商学院北京102488 中国社会科学院财经战略研究院北京100006

新质生产力作为先进生产力的跃升方向,符合新发展阶段我国文化旅游业高质量发展的内在要求,是驱动文化旅游业高质量发展的新动能。从文化旅游业新质生产力的内涵与基本特质着手,综合性分析了新质生产力促进文化旅游业高质量发展的理论逻... 详细信息

新质生产力作为先进生产力的跃升方向,符合新发展阶段我国文化旅游业高质量发展的内在要求,是驱动文化旅游业高质量发展的新动能。从文化旅游业新质生产力的内涵与基本特质着手,综合性分析了新质生产力促进文化旅游业高质量发展的理论逻辑,表现为以新技术加速文化旅游业的生产方式变革、以新型要素重构文化旅游业的生产关系、以结构创新提高文化旅游业的经济发展质量。新质生产力对生产要素质量的提升和新型生产组织形态的生成具有显著促进作用,可充分实现主导产业、融合产业以及潜在关联产业间的相互联动,并赋予文化旅游业创新生态系统的能力。为此,应提升技术创新能力,提高文化旅游业的效率与质量;不断丰富模式创新,提升文旅消费体验与产品供给;持续实现结构创新,提升文化旅游行业的整体竞争力;积极培养创新型人才,增强文化旅游产业的人力资本价值,以实现文化旅游业高质量发展与新质生产力培育的良性互促。

关键词：新质生产力文化旅游业高质量发展

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推动数字文化经济高质量发展

黑龙江社会科学 2024年第1期 67-72页

作者：叶紫青张颖熙中国社会科学院大学商学院北京102488 中国社会科学院财经战略研究院北京100006

为适应数字化时代发展需要,文化产业发展亟待转型升级和变革创新,加快发展数字文化经济势在必行。数字文化经济既是数字经济的有机组成部分,也是文化经济的构成部分,其核心特征是文化的要素化生产、创意的工业化转化、消费的沉浸化方式... 详细信息

为适应数字化时代发展需要,文化产业发展亟待转型升级和变革创新,加快发展数字文化经济势在必行。数字文化经济既是数字经济的有机组成部分,也是文化经济的构成部分,其核心特征是文化的要素化生产、创意的工业化转化、消费的沉浸化方式。我国发展数字文化经济尽管有不少挑战,但总体基础比较好,前景广阔。推动数字文化经济高质量发展,需要从以下几个方面发力:发挥政府与市场双重力量,推动数字文化经济高质有序发展;强化数字技术应用,培育数字文化应用场景;支持企业内部创新,增强数字文化核心竞争力;创新科研机构研发管理目标,升级数字文化产业价值链;优化高校人才培养体系,培育数字文化复合型高端人才。

关键词：数字经济文化产业竞争优势高质量发展

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Evapotranspiration, Yield and Crop Coefficient of Irrigated Maize Under Straw Mulch

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Pedosphere 2005年第5期15卷 576-584页

作者： zhang xi-ying CHEN Su-ying PEI Dong LIU Meng-Yu SUN Hong-Yong Shijiazhuang Institute of Agricultural Modernization Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050021 （China）

Maize (Zea mays L.), a staple crop grown from June to September during the rainy season on the North China Plain,is usually inter-planted in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields about one week before harvesting of the winterwheat. In order to improve irrigation efficiency in this region of serious water shortage, field studies in 1999 and 2001, twodry seasons with less than average seasonal rainfall, were conducted with up to five irrigation applications to determineevapotranspiration, calculate the crop coefficient, and optimize the irrigation schedule with maize under mulch, as well asto establish the effects of irrigation timing and the number of applications on grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE)of maize. Results showed that with grain production at about 8 000 kg ha-1 the total evapotranspiration and WUE ofirrigated maize under mulch were about 380-400 mm and 2.0-2.2 kg m-3, respectively. Also in 2001 WUE of maizewith mulch for the treatment with three irrigations was 11.8% better than that without mulch. In the 1999 and 2001seasons, maize yield significantly improved (P = 0.05) with four irrigation applications, however, further increases werenot significant. At the same time there were no significant differences for WUE with two to four irrigation *** the 2001 season mulch lead to a decrease of 50 mm in the total soil evaporation, and the maize crop coefficient undermulch varied between 0.3-1.3 with a seasonal average of 1.0.

关键词： crop coefficient maize mulch water use efficiency

Effects of saline irrigation on soil salt accumulation and grain yield in the winter wheat-summer maize double cropping system in the low plain of North China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第12期15卷 2886-2898页

作者： LIU xiu-wei Til Feike CHEN Su-ying SHAO Li-wei SUN Hong-yong zhang xi-ying Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050021 P. R China Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center Uvalde 78801 USA Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI)/Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants Institute for Strategies and Technology Assessment Kleinmachnow 14532 Germany

In the dominant winter wheat （WW）-summer maize （SM） double cropping system in the low plain located in the North China, limited access to fresh water, especially during dry season, constitutes a major obstacle to realize high crop productivity. Using the vast water resources of the saline upper aquifer for irrigation during WW jointing stage, may help to bridge the peak of dry season and relieve the tight water situation in the region. A field experiment was conducted during 2009-2012 to investigate the effects of saline irrigation during WW jointing stage on soil salt accumulation and productivity of WW and SM. The experiment treatments comprised no irrigation （T1）, fresh water irrigation （T2）, slightly saline water irrigation （T3：2.8 dS m-l）, and strongly saline water irrigation （T4：8.2 dS m-1） at WW jointing stage. With regard to WW yields and aggregated annual WW-SM yields, clear benefits of saline water irrigation （T3 ＆ T4） compared to no irrigation （T1）, as well as insignificant yield losses compared to fresh water irrigation （T2） occurred in all three experiment years. However, the increased soil salinity in eady SM season in consequence of saline irrigation exerted a negative effect on SM photosynthesis and final yield in two of three experiment years. To avoid the negative aftereffects of saline irrigation, sufficient fresh water irrigation during SM sowing phase （i.e., increase from 60 to 90 mm） is recommended to guarantee good growth conditions during the sensitive early growing period of SM. The risk of long-term accumulation of salts as a result of saline irrigation during the peak of dry season is considered low, due to deep leaching of salts during regularly occurring wet years, as demonstrated in the 2012 experiment year. Thus, applying saline water irrigation at jointing stage of WW and fresh water at sowing of SM is most promising to realize high yield and fresh irrigation water saving.

关键词： winter wheat summer maize soil salinity saline water irrigation salt balance

基于“一体两翼四驱动”的应用心理专业硕士培养模式改革与实践

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兵团教育学院学报 2024年第3期34卷 43-49页

作者：朱海东张莹茜孙同同麻超石河子大学师范学院新疆石河子832003 石河子大学心理应用研究中心新疆石河子832003 石河子大学人事处新疆石河子832003

新时代以来,党和国家对专业型硕士研究生教育提出新要求。为服务创新型国家建设需要、满足区域经济发展需求、培育新质生产力,S校不断在实践中改革,形成了“一体两翼四驱动”的应用心理专业硕士人才培养模式。该模式以服务区域经济社会... 详细信息

新时代以来,党和国家对专业型硕士研究生教育提出新要求。为服务创新型国家建设需要、满足区域经济发展需求、培育新质生产力,S校不断在实践中改革,形成了“一体两翼四驱动”的应用心理专业硕士人才培养模式。该模式以服务区域经济社会高质量发展为总目标,强调以培养实践导向的高层次创新型人才为主体,加强校内导师和校外导师“两翼”的优质化管理,推进课程改革、学科竞赛、专业实训、社会服务四轮驱动,在提高人才培养质量方面取得明显进步。

关键词：应用心理专业型硕士学位培养模式

Tree‑Inspired Structurally Graded Aerogel with Synergistic Water,Salt,and Thermal Transport for High‑Salinity Solar‑Powered Evaporation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 19-37页

作者： xiaomeng Zhao Heng zhang Kit‑ying Chan xinyue Huang Yunfei Yang xi Shen Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China

Solar-powered interfacial evaporation is an energy-efficient solution for water *** requires solar absorbers to facilitate upward water transport and limit the heat to the surface for efficient ***,downward salt ion transport is also desired to prevent salt ***,achieving simultaneously fast water uptake,downward salt transport,and heat localization is challenging due to highly coupled water,mass,and thermal ***,we develop a structurally graded aerogel inspired by tree transport systems to collectively optimize water,salt,and thermal *** arched aerogel features root-like,fan-shaped microchannels for rapid water uptake and downward salt diffusion,and horizontally aligned pores near the surface for heat localization through maximizing solar absorption and minimizing conductive heat *** structural characteristics gave rise to consistent evaporation rates of 2.09 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) under one-sun illumination in a 3.5 wt%NaCl solution for 7 days without *** in a high-salinity solution of 20 wt%NaCl,the evaporation rates maintained stable at 1.94 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) for 8 h without salt crystal *** work offers a novel microstructural design to address the complex interplay of water,salt,and thermal transport.

关键词： Composite aerogel Graded structure Solar-powered evaporation Thermal insulation Salt rejection

A review of the neurotransmitter system associated with cognitive function of the cerebellum in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 324-330页

作者： xi Chen Yuhu zhang Department of Neurology Guangdong Neuroscience InstituteGuangdong Provincial People’s Hospital(Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Shantou University Medical College ShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina

The dichotomized brain system is a concept that was generalized from the‘dual syndrome hypothesis’to explain the heterogeneity of cognitive impairment,in which anterior and posterior brain systems are independent but partially *** dopaminergic system acts on the anterior brain and is responsible for executive function,working memory,and *** contrast,the cholinergic system acts on the posterior brain and is responsible for semantic fluency and visuospatial *** from dopaminergic/cholinergic imaging or functional neuroimaging has shed significant insight relating to the involvement of the cerebellum in the cognitive process of patients with Parkinson’s *** research has reported evidence that the cerebellum receives both dopaminergic and cholinergic ***,whether these two neurotransmitter systems are associated with cognitive function has yet to be fully ***,the precise role of the cerebellum in patients with Parkinson’s disease and cognitive impairment remains ***,in this review,we summarize the cerebellar dopaminergic and cholinergic projections and their relationships with cognition,as reported by previous studies,and investigated the role of the cerebellum in patients with Parkinson’s disease and cognitive impairment,as determined by functional *** findings will help us to understand the role of the cerebellum in the mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： anterior brain system cerebellum cholinergic cognitive impairment dopaminergic dual syndrome hypothesis neuroimage neurotransmitter Parkinson’s disease posterior brain system therapeutic targets