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A modified transformer and adapter-based transfer learning for fault detection and diagnosis in HVAC systems

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Energy Storage and Saving 2024年第2期3卷 96-105页

作者： Zi-Cheng wang Dong li zhan-Wei Cao Feng Gao ming-jia li Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Science and technology on Space Physics Laboratory China Academy of Launch Vehicle TechnologyBeijing100076China school of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

Fault detection and diagnosis(FDD)of heating,ventilation,and air conditioning(HVAC)systems can help to improve the energy saving in building energy ***,most data-driven trained FDD models have limited generalizability and can only be applied to specific *** diversity of HVAC systems and the high cost of data acquisition present challenges for the practical application of *** learning technology can be employed to mitigate this problem by training a model on systems with sufficient data and then transfer it to other systems with limited *** this study,a novel transfer learning approach for HVAC FDD is ***,the transformer model is modified to incorporate one encoder and two decoders connected,enabling two *** modified transformer model accommodates absent features in the target domain and serves as a robust foundation for transfer *** has effective performance in complex systems and achieves an accuracy of 91.38%for a system with 16 faults and multiple fault severity ***,the adapter-based parameter-efficient transfer learning method,facilitating the transfer of trained models simply by inserting small adapter modules,is investigated as the transfer learning *** demonstrate that this adapter-based transfer learning approach achieves satisfactory performance similar to full fine-tuning with fewer trainable *** works well with limited data amount in target ***,the findings highlight the significance of adapters positioned near the bottom and top layers,emphasizing their critical role in facilitating successful transfer learning.

关键词： Fault detection and diagnosis Transfer learning HVAC system Energy saving Transformer model

Integrated gut microbiota,plasma metabolomics and network pharmacology to reveal the anti-ischemic stroke effect of cooked rhubarb

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Traditional Medicine Research 2024年第9期9卷 1-13页

作者： Ting li Lan-Fang Tan lin Shen Jie-Hui Kuang Si-Kai zhan Bang liu jia-Le Cai Sheng-wang liang ming-Hua Xian Shu-mei wang school of Chinese Materia Medica Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM School of Chinese Materia MedicaGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Engineering&technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province School of Chinese Materia MedicaGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization Guangxi Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesGuilin 541006China Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource Germplasm Bank Management Center Yunfu 527300China

Background:Cooked rhubarb(CR)is obtained by steaming raw rhubarb(Rheum palmatum L.,Rheum officinale Baill.,or Rheum tanguticum *** Balf.)with millet *** is used as a traditional Chinese medicine for treating cerebral stroke,where patients often face severe *** study explored the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of CR against ischemic stroke(IS)in *** used integrated analysis of gut microbiota,metabolomics,and network ***:The compounds in CR were identified using LC-MS/*** impact of CR on rat middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion(MCAO/R)-induced cerebral infarct size and brain tissue pathology was assessed through 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride and HE *** in hemorheology were measured by evaluating blood viscosity,and serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine were also *** microbiota composition was analyzed through 16S rRNA gene *** metabolites were examined using untargeted metabolomics and Spearman correlation *** pseudo-germ-free test was used to determine whether tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)improvement in IS are dependent on gut ***:In vivo studies showed CR enhances neurobehavioral function in MCAO/R rats and reduces cerebral infarction *** also ameliorates brain and intestinal barrier damage caused by *** also decreased inflammation and oxidative stress in IS ***,CR promotes the growth of Akkermansia and Verrucomicrobia,aiding in intestinal barrier ***,CR primarily influences the primary bile acid biosynthesis *** pseudo-germ-free experiment and network pharmacology confirmed TNF-αand IL-1βas potential *** relies on gut microbiota for its anti-inflammatory effects to improve ***:Cooked rhubarb offers neuroprotective benefits by enhancing beneficial bacteria abundance and regulating bile acid *** emerges as a potential therapeutic agent for

关键词： cooked rhubarb ischemic stroke gut microbiota metabolomics

Engineering surface framework TiO6 single sites for unprecedented deep oxidative desulfurization

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National Science Review 2024年第05期11卷 303-314页

作者： Shen Yu zhan liu jia-Min Lyu Chun-Mu Guo Xiao-Yu Yang Peng jiang Yi-Long wang Zhi-Yi Hu ming-Hui Sun Yu li li-Hua Chen Bao-lian Su Laboratory of living Materials at the State Key Laboratory of Advanced technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Nanostructure Research Center Wuhan University of Technology school of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry University of Namur

Catalytic oxidative desulfurization（ODS） using titanium silicate catalysts has emerged as an efficient technique for the complete removal of organosulfur compounds from automotive fuels. However, the precise control of highly accessible and stable-framework Ti active sites remains highly challenging. Here we reveal for the first time by using density functional theory calculations that framework hexa-coordinated Ti（TiO6） species of mesoporous titanium silicates are the most active sites for ODS and lead to a lower-energy pathway of ODS. A novel method to achieve highly accessible and homogeneously distributed framework TiO6active single sites at the mesoporous surface has been developed. Such surface framework TiO6species exhibit an exceptional ODS performance. A removal of 920 ppm of benzothiophene is achieved at60°C in 60 min, which is 1.67 times that of the best catalyst reported so far. For bulky molecules such as4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene（DMDBT）, it takes only 3 min to remove 500 ppm of DMDBT at 60°C with our catalyst, which is five times faster than that with the current best catalyst. Such a catalyst can be easily upscaled and could be used for concrete industrial application in the ODS of bulky organosulfur compounds with minimized energy consumption and high reaction efficiency.

关键词： electrostatic interactions framework hexa-coordinated Ti site oxidative desulfurization mesoporous materials self-assembly

Charge regulation by ferromagnetic metal/liF spin-polarized interface for high-performance li metal anodes

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 995-1005页

作者： ming-Yang Feng Shuang Zhou Yi-Fang zhang Ya-Ping wang Chun-Yan Fu jian-Wen li Yuan-Lang Wan Zhi-jia zhang Yong jiang An-Qiang Pan State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy School of Materials Science and EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Energy StorageSchool of Material Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin300387China school of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China

The interfacial characteristics of the li metal anode(LMA)play a crucial role in its overall *** various materials being applied to modify the interface,a comprehensive understanding of their specific mechanisms remains to be ***,we have prepared carbon cloth(CC)frameworks with their surfaces modified using ferromagnetic metal/liF heterogeneous films(T^(M)-liF-CC)as the substrate for LMA,which exhibit superior electrochemical *** ferromagnetic Co as a representative example,our study demonstrates that the enhanced performance of Co-liF-CC,compared to bare CC,is attributed to the spinpolarized interface contributed by the Co/liF *** and liF play individual roles in redistributing electrons and li^(+)to promote homogeneous li *** nanoparticles play a crucial role in generating strong surface capacitance by storing electrons in spin-split bands,while liF,with low surface diffusion barriers,ensures fast transportation of li^(+).The Co-liF-CC@li electrodes deliver long lives of 7400 and 3600 h at 1 and 2 mA·cm^(-2)in symmetric cells,respectively;moreover,they enable full batteries with high and durable capacities,particularly when the N/P ratios are low(3.3 or even 1.7).

关键词： lithium metal anode Interfacial charge Ferromagnetic metal lithium fluoride Spin polarization

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生态补水对孝妇河湿地水华的预防效果模拟

中国环境科学 2024年第1期44卷 121-131页

作者：贾瑞鹏李桂秋窦明王偲李佳郑州大学水利与交通学院河南郑州450001 郑州大学生态与环境学院河南郑州450001 江苏省水文水资源勘测局南通分局江苏南通226000

基于二维水环境数学模型理论,构建了考虑生态补水扰动下的孝妇河湿地水域富营养化模型,采用决定系数判断模型的可行性,通过水华危害指数H评估不同生态补水方案下的水华预防效果.设定8种不同的生态补水情景,分析了湖泊水动力、水质的演...

基于二维水环境数学模型理论,构建了考虑生态补水扰动下的孝妇河湿地水域富营养化模型,采用决定系数判断模型的可行性,通过水华危害指数H评估不同生态补水方案下的水华预防效果.设定8种不同的生态补水情景,分析了湖泊水动力、水质的演化特征.结果表明:二维水环境数学模型模拟误差低于20%,COD、氨氮、总磷、总氮四种污染物决定系数大于0.8,分别为0.95,0.94,0.87,0.81.在相同补水量条件下,短时长的补水措施效果更佳;在不同补水量的条件下,大流量的补水效果更佳;同等补水条件下,多点位补水效果更佳.研究优选出最佳生态补水方案为方案B8:上下游同时补水,补水总量200万m^(3),分20次间断补给.

关键词：生态补水孝妇河湿地数值模拟 MIKE21

影子教育绅士化现象及其形成机制研究——以兰州市主城区为例

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人文地理 2024年第1期39卷 17-28,152页

作者：王家明雒占福秦丽双王晋柏雪西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院兰州730070

中国快速增长的影子教育是否具有绅士化特征值得探讨。本研究以兰州市主城区影子教育机构为研究对象,就其2015—2020年绅士化过程及其形成机制展开实证分析。结果表明:(1)兰州市主城区影子教育呈河谷带状的多核集聚形态,选址具有典型的...

中国快速增长的影子教育是否具有绅士化特征值得探讨。本研究以兰州市主城区影子教育机构为研究对象,就其2015—2020年绅士化过程及其形成机制展开实证分析。结果表明:(1)兰州市主城区影子教育呈河谷带状的多核集聚形态,选址具有典型的空间—社会接触性特征与空间—经济适应性特征。(2)影子教育绅士化呈现东强西弱的空间扩张态势,以高空间可达性—高经济适应性—高社会接触性的城关区核心地段最为典型。(3)影子教育绅士化现象是城市功能扩张更新、影子教育文化消费、地租资金准入、资本介入运作的综合作用结果。

关键词：绅士化影子教育绅士化形成机制兰州市主城区

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覆盖率制导的灰盒模糊测试研究综述

计算机学报 2024年第7期47卷 1665-1696页

作者：崔展齐张家铭郑丽伟陈翔北京信息科技大学计算机学院北京100101 北京科技大学计算机与通信工程学院北京100083 南通大学信息科学技术学院江苏南通226019

由于部署简单、可扩展性强、挖掘到大量真实漏洞等原因,模糊测试得到了科研和工程人员的广泛关注。其中,覆盖率制导的灰盒模糊测试(Coverage-guided Greybox Fuzzing,简称CGF)以被测程序代码覆盖率为反馈信息,可对软件进行较为充分的自... 详细信息

由于部署简单、可扩展性强、挖掘到大量真实漏洞等原因,模糊测试得到了科研和工程人员的广泛关注。其中,覆盖率制导的灰盒模糊测试(Coverage-guided Greybox Fuzzing,简称CGF)以被测程序代码覆盖率为反馈信息,可对软件进行较为充分的自动化测试,有效地保障软件质量,是目前最为流行的一类模糊测试技术.研究人员为改进CGF投人了大量精力,产生了许多研究成果.然而,目前并未有研究针对CGF的已有研究工作进行系统性综述.为此,本文分析了近年来CGF的相关重要研究成果,将CGF流程划分为4个阶段:预处理、测试用例选择、测试用例演化和测试用例评估,并系统地分阶段分析了已有研究进展.此外,针对现有工作中评估分析设置不一致的问题,本文整理了CGF领域中常用的测试对象、实验设置及评估指标。最后,基于对已有研究进展的分析,阐述了CGF目前在预处理、测试用例选择等阶段存在的局限性、可能的解决方案以及未来的研究方向。

关键词：模糊测试灰盒测试覆盖率测试用例

基于对称双环嵌套管的低损耗弱耦合六模空芯负曲率光纤

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物理学报 2024年第7期73卷 90-103页

作者：惠战强刘瑞华高黎明韩冬冬李田甜巩稼民西安邮电大学电子工程学院西安710121 西安市微波光子与光通信技术重点实验室西安710121

本文设计了一种具有对称双环嵌套管结构的新型低损耗少模空芯负曲率光纤,该光纤支持LP_(01),LP_(11),LP_(21),LP_(02),LP_(31a),LP_(31b)共6种纤芯模式.所设计的光纤以SiO(_2)作为基底材料,采用特殊的对称双环嵌套结构将包层区域进行划...

本文设计了一种具有对称双环嵌套管结构的新型低损耗少模空芯负曲率光纤,该光纤支持LP_(01),LP_(11),LP_(21),LP_(02),LP_(31a),LP_(31b)共6种纤芯模式.所设计的光纤以SiO(_2)作为基底材料,采用特殊的对称双环嵌套结构将包层区域进行划分,能够有效地减小纤芯模式与包层模式的耦合.使用有限元法对该少模空芯负曲率光纤的结构参数进行优化,并分析了纤芯各个模式的限制损耗和弯曲损耗.仿真结果表明,所提出的少模空芯负曲率光纤能够同时支持弱耦合的6种纤芯模式独立传输(相邻模式间的有效折射率差均大于10~(–4),有效地避免了纤芯内模式间的耦合).在400 nm带宽(1.23—1.63μm,覆盖O,E,S,C,L波段)范围内,纤芯中的6个模式均保持低损耗稳定传输.各模式限制损耗在1.4μm处达到最低,其中基模LP_(01)模式的限制损耗最低,为4.3×10^(–7)d B/m.此外,当弯曲半径为7 cm时,各模式在一定工作波长范围内均保持低弯曲损耗传输.公差分析表明,当结构参数偏移±1%时,该少模空芯负曲率光纤仍然可以保持低损耗弱耦合的传输特性.

关键词：空芯负曲率光纤少模光纤限制损耗弯曲损耗

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HL-2A装置低频漂移波模数据库与机器学习初步研究

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核聚变与等离子体物理 2024年第2期44卷 141-148页

作者：沈勇董家齐李佳韩明昆沈煜航张晓然刘嘉言王占辉李继全核工业西南物理研究院成都610041 成都理工大学数理学院成都610059 电子科技大学信息与通信工程学院成都611731 大连理工大学物理学院大连116024

本文探索建立了HL-2A/3装置实验漂移波模数据库,并以此作为样本数据库,通过机器学习方法,利用人工神经网络预测托卡马克放电中漂移波模不稳定性的发生及其强度,为实现HL-2A/3等离子体实时参数控制提供参考。首先基于电子/离子温度梯度(...

本文探索建立了HL-2A/3装置实验漂移波模数据库,并以此作为样本数据库,通过机器学习方法,利用人工神经网络预测托卡马克放电中漂移波模不稳定性的发生及其强度,为实现HL-2A/3等离子体实时参数控制提供参考。首先基于电子/离子温度梯度(η)、俘获电子份额(ε)、局域安全因子q和磁剪切s等4个基本参数构成的参数数据组(η,ε,q,s)作为变量,其他参数取有效的常数值,利用HD7代码计算相应模特征值数据,构建了一个低频漂移波模基本数据库。然后,基于BP神经网络与支持向量机(SVM)模型,分别进行了机器学习建模与编程实验,验证了对HL-2A装置离子温度梯度(ITG)\俘获电子模(TEM)不稳定性进行智能预测的可行性。研究结果表明,通过将参数集与数据集进一步扩充成完备数据库、并加快BP神经网络训练速度、或采用深度学习等更复杂模型,可以最终实现前述漂移波模预测目标。

关键词： HL-2A托卡马克漂移波模数据库机器学习人工神经网络可行性研究