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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 45-52页

作者： le-le zhang lei Tong Yanwei Ding Wanqun zhang Hai-Wei Liang Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

Hierarchically porous carbons(HPCs)with multimodal pores have attracted considerable attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties and various application potentials in heterogeneous catalysis,environmental treatment,and energy storage and ***,we report a general and simple zinc salts-assisted method for the synthesis of HPCs with varied porosity and chemical func-tionalities by the direct carbonization of diverse biomass and *** the carbonization,zinc salts are thermally decomposed into nanoparticles that serve as in-situ templates to introduce nanopores in *** prepared HPCs exhibit high specific surface areas(up to 2432 m2 g-1),large pore volumes(up to 4.30 cm^(3)g^(-1)),and broad pore size ***,the zinc salts can be recovered and recycled,supporting the sustainable production of HPCs on large *** prepared HPCs-supported catalysts with atomically dispersed metal sites exhibit promising electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction.

关键词： Hierarchical porous carbon Zinc salts Biomass Wastes Electrocatalysis

Centrifuge modeling of a large-scale surcharge on adjacent foundation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 3181-3191页

作者： Jinzhang zhang Zhenwei Ye Dongming zhang Hongwei Huang Shijie Han Tong Zou le zhang Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education and Department of Geotechnical Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China CCCC Third Harbor Consultants Co LtdShanghai200032China Qingdao Conson Jiaozhou Bay Second Subsea Tunnel Co. LtdQingdao266000China

This study investigates the ground and structural response of adjacent raft foundations induced by largescale surcharge by ore in soft soil areas through a 130g centrifuge modeling test with an innovative layered loading *** prototype of the test is a coastal iron ore yard with a natural foundation of deep soft ***,it is necessary to adopt some measures to reduce the influence of the large-scale surcharge on the adjacent raft foundation,such as installing stone columns for foundation *** an acceleration of 130 g,the model conducts similar simulations of iron ore,stone columns,and raft foundation *** tested soil mass has dimensions of 900 mm×700 mm×300 mm(lengthwidthdepth),which is remodeled from the soil extracted from the drilling *** test conditions are consistent with the actual engineering conditions and the effects of four-level loading conditions on the composite foundation of stone columns,unreinforced zone,and raft foundations are *** automatic layer-by-layer loading device was innovatively developed to simulate the loading process of actual engineering more *** composite foundation of stone columns had a large settlement after the loading,forming an obvious settlement trough and causing the surface of the unreinforced zone to *** 12 m surcharge loading causes a horizontal displacement of 13.19 cm and a vertical settlement of 1.37 m in the raft *** stone columns located on both sides of the unreinforced zone suffered significant shear damage at the sand-mud *** to the reinforcement effect of stone columns,the sand layer below the top of the stone columns moves ***,the horizontal earth pressure in the raft foundation zone increases *** stone columns will form new drainage channels and accelerate the dissipation of excess pore pressure.

关键词： Centrifuge modeling Stone column Composite foundation Ground movement Raft foundation

Re-examination of statistical relationships between dietary fats and other risk factors,and cardiovascular disease,based on two crucial datasets

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Quantitative Biology 2024年第1期12卷 117-127页

作者： Jiarui Ou le zhang Xiaoli Ru College of Computer Science Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Beijing Chao-Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is the major cause of death in many regions around the world,and several of its risk factors might be linked to *** improve public health and the understanding of this topic,we look at the recent Minnesota Coronary Experiment(MCE)analysis that used t-test and Cox model to evaluate CVD ***,these parametric methods might suffer from three problems:small sample size,right-censored bias,and lack of long-term *** overcome the first of these challenges,we utilize a nonparametric permutation test to examine the relationship between dietary fats and serum total *** address the second problem,we use a resampling-based rank test to examine whether the serum total cholesterol level affects CVD *** the third issue,we use some extra-Framingham Heart Study(FHS)data with an A/B test to look for meta-relationship between diets,risk factors,and CVD *** show that,firstly,the link between low saturated fat diets and reduction in serum total cholesterol is ***,reducing serum total cholesterol does not robustly have an impact on CVD hazards in the diet ***,the A/B test result suggests a more complicated relationship regarding abnormal diastolic blood pressure ranges caused by diets and how these might affect the associative link between the cholesterol level and heart disease *** study not only helps us to deeply analyze the MCE data but also,in combination with the long-term FHS data,reveals possible complex relationships behind diets,risk factors,and heart disease.

关键词： A/B test bioinformatics cardiovascular disease nonparametric statistics

Combined Promoting Effects of Specific Organic Functional Groups and Alumina Surface Characteristics for the Design of a Highly Efficient NiMo/Al_(2)O_(3) Hydrodesulfurization Catalyst

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第1期26卷 1-11页

作者： Li Huifeng Li Mingfeng zhang le Wang Wei Nie Hong National Energy R&D Center of Petroleum Refining Technology SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.Ltd.Beijing 100083China

To prepare a highly efficient NiMo/Al_(2)O_(3) hydrodesulfurization catalyst,the combined effects of specific organic functional groups and alumina surface characteristics were ***,the correlation between the surface characteristics of four different alumina and the existing Mo species states was *** was found that the Mo equilibrium adsorption capacity can be used as a specific descriptor to quantitatively evaluate the changes in surface characteristics of different alumina.A lower Mo equilibrium adsorption capacity for alumina means weaker metal-support interaction and the loaded Mo species are easier to transform into ***,the Mo-O-Al bonds still exist at the metal-support *** introduction of cationic surfactant hecadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)can further improve Mo species dispersion through electrostatic attraction with Mo anions and interaction of its alkyl chain with the alumina surface;meanwhile,the introduction of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA)can complex with Ni ions to enhance the Ni-promoting effect on ***,the NiMo catalyst designed using alumina with lower Mo equilibrium adsorption capacity and the simultaneous addition of EDTA and CTAB exhibits the highest hydrodesulfurization activity for 4,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene because of its proper metal-support interaction and more well-dispersed Ni-Mo-S active phases.

关键词： alumina Mo equilibrium adsorption capacity organic functional groups metal-support interaction hydrodesulfurization

Linearized waveform inversion for vertical transversely isotropic elastic media:Methodology and multi-parameter crosstalk analysis

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 252-271页

作者： Ke Chen Lu Liu Li-Nan Xu Fei Hu Yuan Yang Jia-Hui Zuo le-le zhang Yang Zhao National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering Unconventional Petroleum Research InstituteChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China Aramco Beijing Research Center Aramco AsiaBeijing100102China University of Lausanne LausanneCH-1015Switzerland Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting China National Petroleum CorporationZhuozhou 072750HebeiChina

Seismic migration and inversion are closely related techniques to portray subsurface images and identify hydrocarbon *** migration aims at obtaining structural images of subsurface geologic *** specifically,seismic migration estimates the reflectivity function(stacked average reflectivity or pre-stack angle-dependent reflectivity)from seismic reflection *** the other hand,seismic inversion quantitatively estimates the intrinsic rock properties of subsurface *** seismic inversion methods are applicable to detect hydrocarbon reservoirs that may exhibit lateral variations in the inverted *** there exist many differences,pre-stack seismic migration is similar with the first iteration of the general linearized seismic ***,seismic migration and inversion techniques assume an acoustic or isotropic elastic *** reservoirs such as shale and tight sand formation have notable anisotropic *** present a linearized waveform inversion(LWI)scheme for weakly anisotropic elastic media with vertical transversely isotropic(VTI)*** is based on two-way anisotropic elastic wave equation and simultaneously inverts for the localized perturbations(ΔVp_(0)/Vp_(0)/Vs_(0)/Vs_(0)/,Δ∈,Δδ)from the long-wavelength reference *** proposed VTI-elastic LWI is an iterative method that requires a forward and an adjoint operator acting on vectors in each *** derive the forward Born approximation operator by perturbation theory and adjoint operator via adjoint-state *** inversion has improved the quality of the images and reduces the multi-parameter crosstalk comparing with the adjoint-based *** have observed that the multi-parameter crosstalk problem is more prominent in the inversion images for Thomsen anisotropy ***,the Thomsen parameter is the most difficult to *** also analyze the multi-parameter crosstalk using scattering radiation patte

关键词： Elastic Anisotropy least-squares imaging Waveform inversion Computational geophysics

Inelastic Scattering of Dark Matter with Heavy Cosmic Rays

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 68-80页

作者： Keyu Lu Yue-Lin Sming Tsai Qiang Yuan le zhang School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area SYSUZhuhai 519082China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China

We investigate the impact of inelastic collisions between dark matter(DM)and heavy cosmic ray(CR)nuclei on CR *** approximate the fragmentation cross-sections for DM-CR collisions using collider-measured proton-nuclei scattering cross-sections,allowing us to assess how these collisions affect the spectra of CR boron and *** derive new CR spectra from DM-CR collisions by incorporating their cross-sections into the source terms and solving the diffusion equation for the complete network of reactions involved in generating secondary *** a specific example with a coupling strength of b_(χ)=0.1 and a DM mass of m_(χ)=0.1 GeV,considering a simplified scenario where DM interacts exclusively with oxygen,a notable modification in the boron-to-carbon spectrum due to the DM-CR interaction is ***,the peak within the spectrum,spanning from 0.1 to 10 GeV,experiences an enhancement of approximately 1.5 ***,in a more realistic scenario where DM particles interact with all CRs,this peak can be amplified to twice its original *** the latest data from AMS-02 and DAMPE on the boron-to-carbon ratio,we estimate a 95%upper limit for the effective inelastic cross-section of DM-proton as a function of DM *** findings reveal that at m_(χ)?2 MeV,the effective inelastic cross-section between DM and protons must be less than O(10^(-32))cm^(2).

关键词： elementary particles nuclear reactions nucleosynthesis abundances scattering astroparticle physics (cosmology:)dark matter

Rock mass quality prediction on tunnel faces with incomplete multi-source dataset via tree-augmented naive Bayesian network

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第3期34卷 323-337页

作者： Hongwei Huang Chen Wu Mingliang Zhou Jiayao Chen Tianze Han le zhang Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Geotechnical Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Civil Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Qingdao Guoxin Second Jiaozhou Bay Subsea Tunnel Co. Ltd.Qingdao 266071China

Rock mass quality serves as a vital index for predicting the stability and safety status of rock tunnel *** tunneling practice,the rock mass quality is often assessed via a combination of qualitative and quantitative ***,due to the harsh on-site construction conditions,it is rather difficult to obtain some of the evaluation parameters which are essential for the rock mass quality *** this study,a novel improved Swin Transformer is proposed to detect,segment,and quantify rock mass characteristic parameters such as water leakage,fractures,weak *** site experiment results demonstrate that the improved Swin Transformer achieves optimal segmentation results and achieving accuracies of 92%,81%,and 86%for water leakage,fractures,and weak interlayers,respectively.A multisource rock tunnel face characteristic(RTFC)dataset includes 11 parameters for predicting rock mass quality is *** the limitations in predictive performance of incomplete evaluation parameters exist in this dataset,a novel tree-augmented naive Bayesian network(BN)is proposed to address the challenge of the incomplete dataset and achieved a prediction accuracy of 88%.In comparison with other commonly used Machine learning models the proposed BN-based approach proved an improved performance on predicting the rock mass quality with the incomplete *** utilizing the established BN,a further sensitivity analysis is conducted to quantitatively evaluate the importance of the various parameters,results indicate that the rock strength and fractures parameter exert the most significant influence on rock mass quality.

关键词： Rock mass quality Tunnel faces Incomplete multi-source dataset Improved Swin Transformer Bayesian networks

Characteristics and quality of clinical practice guidelines for diabetic kidney disease:a systematic review

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 609-619页

作者： WANG Yuhuang zhang le zhang Zhengshan YAO Zhi LI Xiyao SUN Luying LIAO Xing Department of Nephropathy and Endocrine Dongzhimen HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100010China Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine Institute of Basic Research in Clinical MedicineChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100010China Department of Endocrine One Zone Fangshan HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 102400China

OBJECTIVE:To assess the quality of Clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)in the context of diabetic kidney disease(DKD)and determine whether any factors affect the ***:We searched eight databases along with five international and national organizations to develop or archive guidelines from their inception to July 2023,with an additional search of *** the authoritative organizations related to *** and consensus statements created using direct differential diagnosis or therapy for DKD were included without language *** quality was evaluated by four reviewers using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and EvaluationⅡ(AGREEⅡ)*** with the item and domain scores,the guideline was also allocated an overall quality score,which ranged from 1(lowest possible quality)to 7(highest possible quality).Moreover,an overall recommendation for use was also assigned(“recommended”,“recommended with modifications”or“not recommended”).RESULTS:A total of 16 CPGs were included,of which 14 were from Asia and the remaining two from *** two CPGs were updated in the third *** CPGs were recommended for use because their primary domains scored in the medium or high ***,five CPGs were recommended with modifications as the stakeholder involvement,applicability,and editorial independence domains were evaluated as low *** all domains,the lowest average score was for rigour of development(33%),followed by application(36%),and stakeholder involvement(51%).The highest average score was for scope and purpose(79%),followed by clarity of presentation(75%).None of the CPGs considered the patient's viewpoint,and six of 16 CPGs did not use any grading system to translate the evidence into ***,only three of 16 CPGs shared search strategy,and eight of 16 CPGs did not declare a funding ***:According to the AGREE II evaluation,more than one in four CPGs for DKD had poo

关键词： diabetic nephropathies practice guideline appraisal of guidelines for research and evaluation II quality assessment systematic review

Hierarchical Voronoi Structure Inspired by Cat Paw Pads Substantially Enhances Landing Impact Energy Dissipation

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1847-1861页

作者： Da Lu Baoqing Pei Yangyang Xu Mengyuan Hu Shijia zhang le zhang Xin Huang Yangwei Wang Xueqing Wu Beijing Key Laboratory for Design and Evaluation Technology of Advanced Implantable&Interventional Medical Devices Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang University100083BeijingChina National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials under Shock and Impact Beijing Institute of Technology100081BeijingChina Shenzhen Institute of Beihang University 518000ShenzhenChina

When a human lands from a high drop,there is a high risk of serious injury to the lower *** the other hand,cats can withstand jumps and falls from heights without being fatally wounded,largely due to their impact-resistant paw *** aim of the present study was to investigate the biomechanism of impact resistance in cat paw pads,propose an optimal hierarchical Voronoi structure inspired by the paw pads,and apply the structure to bionic cushioning shoes to reduce the impact force of landing for *** microstructure of cat paw pads was observed via tissue section staining,and a simulation model was reconstructed based on CT to verify and optimize the structural cushioning *** distribution pattern,wall thickness of compartments,thickness ratio of epidermis and dermis,and number of compartments in the model were changed and simulated to achieve an optimal composed structure.A bionic sole was 3D-printed,and its performance was evaluated via compression test and a jumping-landing *** results show that cat paw pads are a spherical cap structure,divided from the outside to the inside into the epidermis,dermis,and compartments,each with different cushioning capacities.A finite element simulation of different cushioning structures was conducted in a cylinder with a diameter of 20 mm and a height of 10 mm,featuring a three-layer *** optimal configuration of the three layers should have a uniform distribution with 0.3–0.5 mm wall thickness,a 1:1–2 thickness ratio of epidermis and dermis,and 100–150 compartments.A bionic sole with an optimized structure can reduce the peak impact force and delay the peak arrival *** energy absorption rate is about 4 times that of standard *** jumping 80,100,and 120 cm,the normalized ground reaction force is also reduced by 8.7%,12.6%and 15.1%compared with standard *** study provides theoretical and technical support for effective protection against human lower limb landing injuries.

关键词： Cat paw pads Hierarchical Voronoi structure Landing impact Energy dissipation Bionic sole

A new dust detection method for photovoltaic panel surface based on Pytorch and its economic benefit analysis

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 158-167页

作者： Yichuan Shao Can zhang lei Xing Haijing Sun Qian Zhao le zhang School of Intelligent Science&Engineering Shenyang UniversityShenyang 110044China School of Information Engineering Shenyang UniversityShenyang 110044China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of SurreyGU27XHUnited Kingdom School of Science Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang 110044China

Dust accumulation on the surface of solar photovoltaic panels diminishes their power generation efficiency,leading to reduced energy *** monitoring and cleaning of solar photovoltaic panels is ***,developing optimal procedures for their upkeep is crucial for improving component efficiency,reducing maintenance costs,and conserving *** study introduces an improved Adam optimization algorithm designed specifically for detecting dust on the surface of solar photovoltaic *** the traditional Adam algorithm is the preferred choice for optimizing neural network models,it occasionally encounters problems such as local optima,overfitting,and not convergence due to inconsistent learning rates during the optimization *** mitigate these issues,the improved algorithm incorporates Warmup technology and cosine annealing strategies with traditional Adam algorithm,that allows for a gradual increase in the learning rate,ensuring stability in the preliminary phases of ***,the improved algorithm employs a cosine annealing strategy to dynamically tweak the learning *** not only counters the local optimization issues to some degree but also bolsters the generalization ability of the *** applied on the dust detection on the surface of solar photovoltaic panels,this improved algorithm exhibited superior convergence and training accuracy on the surface dust detection dataset of solar photovoltaic panels in comparison to the standard Adam ***,it displayed noteworthy improvements within three distinct neural network frameworks:ResNet-18,VGG-16,and MobileNetV2,thereby attesting to the effectiveness of the novel *** findings hold significant promise and potential applications in the field of surface dust detection of solar photovoltaic *** research results will create economic benefits for enterprises and individuals,and are an important strategic development direction for th

关键词： Solar photovoltaic panels Dust detection Pytorch Adam improved algorithm Economic benefits