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Cost-efficient quantum access network boosts practical deployment of quantum key distribution network

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 169-169页

作者： Hua-Lei Yin zeng-bing chen Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education)Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

The security of information is not assured over extended periods,especially with the rapid advancement of quantum computers.To address this challenge,quantum cryptography,rooted in quantum physics,offers comprehensive toolkits for key distribution[1],secret sharing[2],digital signatures[3]and other cryptographic tasks[4]with information-theoretical security.The feasibility of quantum cryptography,particularly quantum key distribution(QKD)。

关键词： quantum distribution signature

Experimental quantum secure network with digital signatures and encryption

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National Science Review 2023年第4期10卷 86-96页

作者： Hua-Lei Yin Yao Fu chen-Long Li chen-Xun Weng bing-Hong Li Jie Gu Yu-Shuo Lu Shan Huang zeng-bing chen National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University MatricTime Digital Technology Co.Ltd.

Cryptography promises four information security objectives, namely, confidentiality, integrity, authenticity and non-repudiation, to support trillions of transactions annually in the digital economy. Efficient digital signatures, ensuring integrity, authenticity and non-repudiation of data with information-theoretical security are highly urgent and intractable open problems in cryptography. Here, we propose a high-efficiency quantum digital signature(QDS) protocol using asymmetric quantum keys acquired via secret sharing, one-time universal2hashing and a one-time pad. We just need to use a 384-bit key to sign documents of lengths up to 264with a security bound of 10-19. If a one-megabit document is signed, the signature efficiency is improved by more than 108times compared with previous QDS protocols.Furthermore, we build the first all-in-one quantum secure network integrating information-theoretically secure communication, digital signatures, secret sharing and conference key agreement and experimentally demonstrate this signature efficiency advantage. Our work completes the cryptography toolbox of the four information security objectives.

关键词： quantum digital signature information-theoretical security secret sharing one-time universal2 hashing cryptography toolbox

Experimental quantum secret sharing based on phase encoding of coherent states

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第6期66卷 139-147页

作者： Ao Shen Xiao-Yu Cao Yang Wang Yao Fu Jie Gu Wen-Bo Liu chen-Xun Weng Hua-Lei Yin zeng-bing chen National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjingUniversityNanjing 210093China Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography SSF IEUZhengzhou 450000China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Quantum secret sharing(QSS)is one of the basic communication primitives in future quantum networks which addresses part of the basic cryptographic tasks of multiparty communication and computation.Nevertheless,it is a challenge to provide a practical QSS protocol with security against general attacks.A QSS protocol that balances security and practicality is still lacking.Here,we propose a QSS protocol with simple phase encoding of coherent states among three parties.Removing the requirement of impractical entangled resources and the need for phase randomization,our protocol can be implemented with accessible technology.We provide the finite-key analysis against coherent attacks and implement a proof-of-principle experiment to demonstrate our scheme’s feasibility.Our scheme achieves a key rate of 85.3 bps under a 35 d B channel loss.Combined with security against general attacks and accessible technology,our protocol is a promising candidate for practical multiparty quantum communication networks.

关键词： quantum secret sharing coherent state phase encoding coherent attack finite-size

Experimental Quantum Advantage with Quantum Coupon Collector

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Research 2022年第3期2022卷 309-319页

作者： Min-Gang Zhou Xiao-Yu Cao Yu-Shuo Lu Yang Wang Yu Bao Zhao-Ying Jia Yao Fu Hua-Lei Yin zeng-bing chen National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of PhysicsCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China MatricTime Digital Technology Co.Ltd. Nanjing 211899China

An increasing number of communication and computational schemes with quantum advantages have recently been proposed,which implies that quantum technology has fertile application prospects.However,demonstrating these schemes experimentally continues to be a central challenge because of the difficulty in preparing high-dimensional states or highly entangled states.In this study,we introduce and analyze a quantum coupon collector protocol by employing coherent states and simple linear optical elements,which was successfully demonstrated using realistic experimental equipment.We showed that our protocol can significantly reduce the number of samples needed to learn a specific set compared with the classical limit of the coupon collector problem.We also discuss the potential values and expansions of the quantum coupon collector by constructing a quantum blind box game.The information transmitted by the proposed game also broke the classical limit.These results strongly prove the advantages of quantum mechanics in machine learning and communication complexity.

关键词： complexity. quantum implies

Kinetic-boosted CO_(2) electroreduction to formate via synergistic electric-thermal field on hierarchical bismuth with amorphous layer

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 233-243,I0007页

作者： bing Yang Junyi zeng Zhenlin Zhang Lin Meng Donglin Shi Liang chen Youju Huang College of Material Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material TechnologyMinistry of EducationHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121ZhejiangChina State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology College of Materials Science and EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina

Electrocatalytic converting CO_(2) into chemical products has emerged as a promising approach to achieving carbon neutrality.Herein,we report a bismuth-based catalyst with high curvature terminal and amorphous layer which fabricated via two-step electrodeposition achieves stable formate output in a wide voltage window of 600 mV.The Faraday efficiency(FE) of formate reached up to 99.4% at-0.8 V vs.RHE and it remained constant for more than 92 h at-15 mA cm^(-2).More intriguingly,FE formate of95.4% can be realized at a current density of industrial grade(-667.7 mA cm^(-2)) in flow cell.The special structure promoted CO_(2) adsorption and reduced its activation energy and enhanced the electric-thermal field and K^(+) enrichment which accelerated the reaction kinetics.In situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculation further confirmed that the introduction of amorphous structure is beneficial to adsorpting CO_(2)and stabling*OCHO intermediate.This work provides special insights to fabricate efficient electrocatalysts by means of structural and crystal engineering and makes efforts to realize the industrialization of bismuth-based catalysts.

关键词： CO_(2) electroreduction Hierarchical bismuth Amorphous layer Electric-thermal field Kinetic-boosting

Cluster analysis reveals a homogeneous subgroup of PCOS women with metabolic disturbance associated with adverse reproductive outcomes

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第5期137卷 604-612页

作者： Hanxiao chen Rujun zeng Xun zeng Lang Qin The Reproductive Medical Center Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related of Women and Children of Ministry of Education West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China

Background:Polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS)is a heterogeneous and complex reproductive endocrinological disease that could lead to infertility.There were many attempts to classify PCOS but it remains unclear whether there is a specific subgroup of PCOS that is associated with the best or worst reproductive outcomes of assisted reproductive techniques(ART).Methods:Infertile PCOS patients who underwent their first cycle of in vitro fertilization(IVF)in West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University from January 2019 to December 2021 were included.Basic clinical and laboratory information of each individual were extracted.Unsupervised cluster analysis was performed.Controlled ovarian stimulation parameters and reproductive outcomes were collected and compared between the different clusters of PCOS.Results:Our analysis clustered women with PCOS into"reproductive","metabolic",and"balanced"clusters based on nine traits.Reproductive group was characterized by high levels of testosterone(T),sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG),follicular stimulation hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),and anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH).Metabolic group was characterized by high levels of body mass index(BMI),fasting insulin,and fasting glucose.Balanced group was characterized by low levels of the aforementioned reproductive and metabolic parameters,except for SHBG.Compared with PCOS patients in reproductive and balanced clusters,those in metabolic cluster had lower rates of good quality day 3 embryo and blastocyst formation.Moreover,PCOS patients in the reproductive cluster had greater fresh embryo transfer(ET)cancelation rate and clinical pregnancy rate after fresh ET than metabolic cluster(odds ratio[OR]=3.37,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.77-6.44,and OR=6.19,95%CI:1.58-24.24,respectively).And compared with PCOS of metabolic cluster,PCOS of balanced cluster also had higher chance for fresh ET cancelation(OR=2.83,95%CI:1.26-6.35).Conclusion:Our study suggested that PCOS patients in metabolic cluster may be associated with adverse re

关键词： Polycystic ovarian syndrome Assisted reproductive techniques Clustering analysis Metabolic disturbance Clinical pregnancy

Mechanism of selective laser trabeculoplasty:a systemic review

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 963-968页

作者： Yu-Feng chen Wen zeng Department of Ophthalmology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071Hubei ProvinceChina

Although selective laser trabeculoplasty(SLT)is a recognized method for the treatment of glaucoma,the exact changes in the target tissue and mechanism for its intraocular pressure lowing effect are still unclear.The purpose of this review is to summarize the potential mechanisms of SLT on trabecular meshwork both in vivo and in vitro,so as to reveal the potential mechanism of SLT.SLT may induce immune or inflammatory response in trabecular meshwork(TM)induced by possible oxidative damage etc,and remodel extracellular matrix.It may also induce monocytes to aggregate in TM tissue,increase Schlemm’s canal(SC)cell conductivity,disintegrate cell junction and promote permeability through autocrine and paracrine forms.This provides a theoretical basis for SLT treatment in glaucoma.

关键词： mechanisms selective laser trabeculoplasty glaucoma trabecular meshwork

2D all-organic perovskites refine flexible electronics

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Science China Materials 2024年第7期67卷 2365-2366页

作者： Wei Zhou bing chen College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China

Recent years have witnessed a paradigm shift with the advent of perovskites,a class of materials with a distinct CaTiO_(3)-type crystalline structure that show remarkable promise across a wide array of applications,including photovoltaics,photodetectors,lighting,lasers,and so forth.Among them,the development of two-dimensional(2D)perovskites has garnered significant attention due to their tunable structures(mainly Dion-Jacobson and Ruddlesden-Popper structures)and enhanced stability in comparison with their 3D counterparts[1].Amidst the burgeoning research on perovskites,on the other side,all-organic perovskites stand out as a particularly intriguing subset[2].Unlike traditional perovskites that typically comprise all-inorganic(e.g.,CsPbBr_(3))or organic-inorganic hybrid components(e.g.,(PEA)_(2)PbI_(4)),all-organic perovskites are composed entirely of carbon-or nitrogen-based molecules.

关键词： perovskite inorganic entirely

Boost VS_(2) electrochemical reactive kinetics by regulating crystallographic planes and coupling carbon matrix for high performance sodium-ion storage

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 98-112页

作者： Min zeng Ming-Shan Wang Lin chen En-Zhi Li Zhen-Liang Yang Dan Zhou Hai-Jiao Xie Jun-chen chen Zhi-Yuan Ma bing-Shu Guo Bo Yu Xing Li School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Energy Storage Research Institute Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Institute of Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621908China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and TechnologyBeijingBeijing 100083China Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310003China

Vanadium disulfide(VS_(2)) as a typical two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenide has excellent competitiveness for sodium-ion storage due to its wide layer spacing(0.575 nm),high theoretical capacity of 932mAh·g^(-1) originating from multi-electron electrochemical redox.However,continuous sodiation process accompanied by crystal structural evolution and collapse cause rapid capacity decaying.Herein,novel few-layer VS_(2)nanosheets with open(001) crystal planes are in-situ constructed on reduced graphene oxide to solve these issues mentioned above.It indicates that few-layer VS_(2)provides more Na^(+) storage activity due to the low Na^(+)surface migration energy barrier on exposed crystal(001)planes.The flexible and high electronic conductivity of carbon matrix also effectively builds multi-level buffer structure and electron transport kinetics to boost the Na^(+)insertion/conversion reactive activity on VS_(2) as well as Na^(+) pseudocapacitance storage kinetics on edges and defects of nano sheets.Those coupling effects result in high rate capability and long cycling stability as a battery/capacitor anode.It delivers conspicuous high energy density of 81 and 40 Wh·kg^(-1) at power density of 118 and 10,286W·kg^(-1),as well as 80% energy retention rate after 5000cycles,confirming its great application potential in sodiumbased storage devices.

关键词： Vanadium disulfide Reduced graphene oxide Anode Sodium-ion battery Sodium-ion capacitor