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NaOH–ball-milled co-modified magnetic biochar and its oil adsorption properties

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Particuology 2023年第12期83卷 40-49页

作者： zehua wei Haihong Li Miaomiao Jia Ting Lin School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Xi'an Polytechnic UniversityXi'an710048China

A magnetic biochar adsorbent(BM–OH–BC)was prepared through NaOH–ball milling co-modification with walnut shells as the raw material,and its oil adsorption characteristics were investigated.The adsorption properties of oil pollutants were compared before and after the NaOH-ball-milling co-modification,and the mechanism of NaOH-ball-milling on oil pollutants was investigated by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,BET,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The experimental results showed that the oil adsorption capacity of BM–OH–BC can reach 2.75 g/g,which is 129%higher than that of unmodified biochar.Moreover,after five adsorption and desorption cycles,the adsorption rate of BM–OH–BC only decreased by 5.9%,which was because the oil adsorption of BM–OH–BC is mainly chemical adsorption.The adsorption processes involving single layer,heterogeneous phase and multilayer made BM–OH–BC have excellent adsorption properties.After biochar co-modification,the specific surface area of BM–OH–BC increased to 466 m^(2)/g,the total pore volume increased to 0.245 cm^(3)/g,the average pore size decreased to1.90 nm,and the number of hydrophobic non-polar functional groups increased,leading to the enhancement of its oil absorption capacity.This study provides a reference for the treatment of oil-contaminated water bodies.

关键词： Biochar Oil pollution Adsorptionproperties Modificationmechanism

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压裂井的三维精细表征与单井模拟分析

石油机械 2024年第4期52卷 94-102页

作者：刘辉廖新维李则骅 wei Yu 中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校科克雷尔工程学院中石油长庆油田分公司第十一采油厂

目前压裂直井或压裂水平井的单井模拟主要是基于二维或拟三维网格进行表征,但这2类网格无法精细表征裂缝、井筒的三维空间形态。为此,提出利用计算机辅助设计(CAD)技术来进行压裂井的三维几何建模方法,形成了3D精细半结构网格剖分方法... 详细信息

目前压裂直井或压裂水平井的单井模拟主要是基于二维或拟三维网格进行表征,但这2类网格无法精细表征裂缝、井筒的三维空间形态。为此,提出利用计算机辅助设计(CAD)技术来进行压裂井的三维几何建模方法,形成了3D精细半结构网格剖分方法和流程,以及高效数值求解方法,将该方法应用于现场一口压裂直井,并对其进行了模拟分析。分析结果表明:所构建的3D压裂直井、压裂水平井的内边界井模型,简化和统一了不同压裂井模型的井产量计算方程,该方法同样适用于更复杂的3D定向压裂井的井产量计算;水力裂缝的几何形态、尺寸和小层物性是空间压力分布的重要影响因素。所得结论可为提高复杂压裂井的三维精细表征能力和单井模拟精度提供技术支撑。

关键词：压裂井精细表征 3D半结构网格单井模拟多层缝网压力分布

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喷油润滑聚醚醚酮的接触疲劳性能

中国机械工程 2024年第2期35卷 221-228页

作者：吴若魏沛堂谢怀杰边疆卢泽华刘怀举重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验室重庆400044 吉林中研高分子材料股份有限公司长春130113

聚醚醚酮(PEEK)是一种高强度、耐热的工程塑料,但其接触疲劳基础数据的缺失制约了它在重载场合下的高可靠、长寿命服役。开展了喷油润滑下的PEEK滚子滚动接触疲劳试验与PEEK齿轮接触疲劳试验,绘制了接触疲劳S-N曲线。对比发现,PEEK滚子... 详细信息

聚醚醚酮(PEEK)是一种高强度、耐热的工程塑料,但其接触疲劳基础数据的缺失制约了它在重载场合下的高可靠、长寿命服役。开展了喷油润滑下的PEEK滚子滚动接触疲劳试验与PEEK齿轮接触疲劳试验,绘制了接触疲劳S-N曲线。对比发现,PEEK滚子滚动接触疲劳极限比齿轮接触疲劳极限高14%,接触压力135 MPa下的滚子滚动接触疲劳寿命比齿轮接触疲劳寿命长58%,进而提出PEEK的滚子-齿轮接触疲劳寿命转换公式。

关键词：聚醚醚酮齿轮滚子接触疲劳应力-寿命曲线

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生物质好氧发酵热生产与回收利用研究进展

农业工程学报 2024年第5期40卷 25-37页

作者：于艳玲曹永娜贺巍周宁邹泽华朱宇航郭超秦江哈尔滨工业大学化工与化学学院哈尔滨150001 哈工大郑州研究院郑州450003 黑龙江省建设投资集团有限公司碳中和研究院哈尔滨150001 哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院哈尔滨150001

好氧发酵是目前有机固体废弃物处理的一种有效手段。人们对于好氧发酵的研究主要集中在高效有机肥的获取上,但发酵过程产生的热能不容忽视。发酵热作为一种“零碳”能源,可代替传统化石能源应用于加温供暖、生物干化等领域,助力实现“... 详细信息

好氧发酵是目前有机固体废弃物处理的一种有效手段。人们对于好氧发酵的研究主要集中在高效有机肥的获取上,但发酵过程产生的热能不容忽视。发酵热作为一种“零碳”能源,可代替传统化石能源应用于加温供暖、生物干化等领域,助力实现“碳达峰、碳中和”。为将生物质能高效转化为热能利用,人们对发酵热回收利用进行了研究,但是没有将热生产、热回收和热利用三个阶段进行系统联系,导致热回收工艺效率不高。该文主要阐述了好氧发酵产热原理,并从菌剂、原料理化性质和发酵工艺三个方面对发酵热生产的影响进行了探讨,总结了现有热回收利用系统,最后对生物质好氧发酵热生产与回收利用系统的发展方向进行展望,以期为生物质发酵热能利用提供支持。

关键词：生物质好氧发酵发酵产热能量回收废热利用

探究双层光谱探测器CT在鉴别可切除胰腺导管腺癌与肿块型慢性胰腺炎方面的价值

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中国癌症杂志 2024年第1期34卷 67-73页

作者：刘伟解添淞陈雷张泽华周正荣复旦大学附属肿瘤医院放射诊断科复旦大学上海医学院肿瘤学系上海200032 复旦大学附属肿瘤医院闵行分院放射诊断科上海201100

背景与目的:胰腺导管腺癌(pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,PDAC)与肿块型慢性胰腺炎(mass-forming chronic pancreatitis,MFCP)的准确鉴别具有较大的临床意义。双层光谱探测器计算机体层成像(dual-layer spectral detector computedtomography,DLCT)在胰腺方面的应用已有一定的探索。本研究旨在探究DLCT在鉴别可切除PDAC与MFCP方面的价值。方法:回顾性分析2021年9月1日—2023年5月31日复旦大学附属肿瘤医院收治的33例可切除PDAC和19例MFCP患者的临床影像学资料,术前行DLCT增强扫描,扫描期相包括动脉期(arterial phase,AP)、实质期(parenchymal phase,PP)和静脉期(venous phase,VP)。计算DLCT定量指标,包括衰变强化分数(attenuation enhancement fraction,AEF)、病灶胰腺实质比(lesion to parenchyma ratio,LPR)、碘强化分数(iodine enhancement fraction,IEF)。采用独立样本t检验或χ^(2)检验进行统计学分析,采用二元逻辑回归进行单因素及多因素分析,采用受试者工作特征(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线进行效能评价。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果:在PDAC与MFCP之间,AEF_AP/PP、LPR_(40)_VP、IEF_PP/VP、糖类抗原19-9(carbohydrate antigen 19-9,CA19-9)及双管征的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。LPR_(40)_VP与IEF_PP/VP构成的融合模型具有最佳的鉴别效能,优于CA19-9、双管征及AEF_AP/PP(P<0.05),其曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)为0.841,灵敏度为90%,特异度为73%,准确度为79%。结论:DLCT在鉴别可切除PDAC与MFCP方面具有一定潜能,光谱定量参数可以弥补CA19-9、常规CT在鉴别可切除PDAC与MFCP方面的不足。

关键词：胰腺导管腺癌肿块型慢性胰腺炎双层光谱探测器计算机体层成像常规计算机体层成像

青春双歧杆菌冻干保护剂筛选及高密度冻干工艺优化

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食品与生物技术学报 2024年第2期43卷 23-29页

作者：潘子怡陈则华毛丙永唐鑫宁初光李文治崔树茂赵建新陈卫江南大学食品学院江苏无锡214122 无限极(中国)有限公司广东广州510405

为了探究青春双歧杆菌最适冻干保护剂配方,提高工业化生产效率,作者对不同糖与蛋白质类保护剂对双歧杆菌冻干保护特性、不同结构的糖类保护剂复配及其与蛋白质复配的保护效果进行研究,同时测定复合保护剂添加其他小分子物质对冻干存活... 详细信息

为了探究青春双歧杆菌最适冻干保护剂配方,提高工业化生产效率,作者对不同糖与蛋白质类保护剂对双歧杆菌冻干保护特性、不同结构的糖类保护剂复配及其与蛋白质复配的保护效果进行研究,同时测定复合保护剂添加其他小分子物质对冻干存活率的影响,最后优化冻干前菌泥干物质与冻干保护剂的比例,以实现高密度冻干。研究结果表明,糖(醇)类保护剂对青春双歧杆菌的保护效果普遍高于蛋白类冻干保护剂,且四糖以下小分子糖的冻干保护效果较好,其中山梨糖醇和棉籽糖效果最优,二者复配(质量比1∶1)后冻干存活率提高到56%左右;将其与蛋白质、抗坏血酸、谷胱甘肽、微量元素等小分子复配,不会提高对菌体的冻干保护效果;考虑到实际应用,将山梨糖醇、棉籽糖与乳清蛋白以质量比3∶3∶2复配以提高菌粉的疏松度;菌泥与保护剂以干物质质量比1∶1.2混合,样品干物质总质量分数为25%时,青春双歧杆菌的冻干存活率达到(77.08±5.20)%。

关键词：青春双歧杆菌冻干保护剂冻干存活率活菌数

Platinum nickel alloy-MXene catalyst with inverse opal structure for enhanced hydrogen evolution in both acidic and alkaline solutions

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 195-201页

作者： wei kong Lihong Li Xiaoxia Yu Zhongyuan Xiang Yawei Cao Muhammad Tahir zehua Lu Jinxia Deng Yanlin Song Key Laboratory of Green Printing CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(ICCAS)Beijing 100190China School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The development of an efficient Pt-based electrocatalyst in acidic and alkaline electrolytes is of great significance to the field of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution.Herein,we report a strategy for in situ growth of Pt_(3)Ni truncated octahedrons on Ti3C2Tx nanosheets and then obtain an ordered porous catalyst via a template method.Meanwhile,we use the finite element calculation to clarify the relationship between the component structure and performance and find that the performance of the spherical shell microstructure catalyst is higher than that of the disc structure catalyst,which is also verified by experiments.The experimental analysis shows that the ordered porous catalyst is conducive to enhancing electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity in acidic and alkaline electrolytes.In an acidic solution,the overpotential is 25 mV(10 mA·cm^(−2)),and the Tafel slope is 22.86 mV·dec−1.In an alkaline solution,the overpotential is 44.1 mV(10 mA·cm^(−2)),and the Tafel slope is 39.06 mV·dec−1.The synergistic coupling between Ti3C2Tx and Pt_(3)Ni nanoparticles improves the stability of the catalyst.The in situ growth strategy and design of microstructure with its correlation with catalytic performance represent critical steps toward the rational synthesis of catalysts with excellent catalytic activity.

关键词： hydrogen evolution reaction MXene Pt_(3)Ni truncated octahedrons ordered porous structures

Robust n-type doping of WSe2 enabled by controllable proton irradiation

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1220-1227页

作者： Haidong Liang Yue Zheng Leyi Loh zehua Hu Qijie Liang Cheng Han Michel Bosman wei Chen Andrew A.Bettiol Centre for Ion Beam Applications(CIBA) Department of PhysicsNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117542Singapore International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Department of Physics National University of SingaporeSingapore 117551Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical ScienceNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Songshan Lake Mat LabDongguan 523808China National University of Singapore(Suzhou)Research Institute 377 Lin Quan StreetSuzhou Industrial ParkSuzhou 215123China

Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)are considered to be promising building blocks for the next generation electronic and optoelectronic devices.Various doping schemes and work function engineering techniques have been explored to overcome the intrinsic performance limits of 2D TMDs.However,a reliable and long-time air stable doping scheme is still lacking in this field.In this work,we utilize keV ion beams of H2+to irradiate layered WSe2 crystals and obtain efficient n-type doping effect for all irradiated crystals within a fluence of 1×1014 protons·cm−2(1e14).Moreover,the irradiated WSe2 remains an n-type semiconductor even after it is exposed to ambient conditions for a year.Localized ion irradiation with a focused beam can directly pattern on the sample to make high performance homogenous p-n junction diodes.Raman and photoluminescence(PL)spectra demonstrate that the WSe2 crystal lattice stays intact after irradiation within 1e14.We attribute the reliable electrondoping to the significant increase in Se vacancies after the proton irradiation,which is confirmed by our scanning transmission electron microscope(STEM)results.Our work demonstrates a reliable and long-term air stable n-type doping scheme to realize high-performance electronic TMD devices,which is also suitable for further integration with other 2D devices.

关键词： WSe2 proton beam irradiation n-type doping long-time air stable Se vacancies

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基于大语言模型的糖尿病管理:潜力与展望

Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 583-588页

作者：盛斌管洲榆 Lee-Ling Lim 江泽铧 Nestoras Mathioudakis 李佳佳刘茹涵包玉倩 Yong Mong Bee 王亚星郑颖丰 Gavin Siew wei Tan 纪宏伟 Josip Car 王海波 David C.Klonoff 李华婷覃宇宗黄天荫贾伟平 Shanghai International Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Prevention and Treatment for Metabolic Diseases Department of Computer Science and EngineeringSchool of ElectronicInformationand Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai 200240China MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Asia Diabetes Foundation Hong KongChina Tsinghua Medicine of Tsinghua University Beijing 100084China School of Clinical Medicine Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalBeijing 102218China Division of Endocrinology Diabetes&MetabolismJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21211USA Department of Endocrinology Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169608Singapore Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital University of Medical ScienceBeijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key LaboratoryBeijing 100730China State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangzhou 510060China Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye CentreSingapore 168751Singapore Department of Cardiology the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266011China Centre for Population Health Sciences Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological University SingaporeSingapore 639798Singapore Department of Primary Care and Public Health School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondon SW72BUUK Clinical Trial Unit Research Centre of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

The increasing prevalence of diabetes has become a global public health concern in the 21st century.In 2021,it was estimated that 537 million people had diabetes,and this number is projected to reach 643 million by 2030,and 783 million by 2045[1].Such a huge burden of diabetes brings great challenges in its prevention and management,including early diagnosis,timely interventions,and regular monitoring of risk factor control and complications screening.Continuous self-care support and patient empowerment can enhance clinical and psychobehavioural outcomes[2],although these require additional resources including manpower,infrastructure(hard and technology),and finances.The emergence of digital health technologies(DHTs),especially artificial intelligence(AI),may help address these obstacles and alleviate the burden of diabetes[3].Large language models(LLMs),a generative AI that can accept image and text inputs and produce text outputs,have shown promise in various aspects of medical care.

关键词： prevention diagnosis finance