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Multiscale spatiotemporal meteorological drought prediction:A deep learning approach

Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 211-221页

作者： Jia-Li ZHANG Xiao-meng HUANG Yu-ze SUN Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System ModellingInstitute for Global Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Reliable monitoring and thorough spatiotemporal prediction of meteorological drought are crucial for early warning and decision-making regarding drought-related disasters.The utilisation of multiscale methods is effective for a comprehensive evaluation of drought occurrence and progression,given the complex nature of meteorological drought.Nevertheless,the nonlinear spatiotemporal features of meteorological droughts,influenced by various climatological,physical and environmental factors,pose significant challenges to integrated prediction that considers multiple indicators and time scales.To address these constraints,we introduce an innovative deep learning framework based on the shifted window transformer,designed for executing spatiotemporal prediction of meteorological drought across multiple scales.We formulate four prediction indicators using the standardized precipitation index and the standard precipitation evaporation index as core methods for drought definition using the ERA5 reanalysis dataset.These indicators span time scales of approximately 30 d and one season.Short-term indicators capture more anomalous variations,whereas long-term indicators attain comparatively higher accuracy in predicting future trends.We focus on the East Asian region,notable for its diverse climate conditions and intricate terrains,to validate the model's efficacy in addressing the complexities of nonlinear spatiotemporal prediction.The model's performance is evaluated from diverse spatiotemporal viewpoints,and practical application values are analysed by representative drought events.Experimental results substantiate the effectiveness of our proposed model in providing accurate multiscale predictions and capturing the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of drought.Each of the four drought indicators accurately delineates specific facets of the meteorological drought trend.Moreover,three representative drought events,namely flash drought,sustained drought and severe drought,underscore the significance of selecting appropr

关键词： Meteorological drought Spatiotemporal prediction Multiscale Swim transformer Deep learning

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Advanced cervix cancer patient with chemotherapy-induced grade IV myelosuppression achieved complete remission with cadonilimab:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1510-1516页

作者： Rui Zhu Tian-ze Chen meng-Ting Sun Chun-Rong Zhu Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The prognosis for patients with advanced metastatic cervix cancer(MCC)is poor,and this disease continues to pose a considerable therapeutic challenge.Despite the administration of first-line regimens consisting of cisplatin,paclitaxel,and bevacizumab,survival rates for patients with metastasis remain poor.The emergence of bispecific antibodies(BsAbs)offers a novel treatment option for patients diagnosed with MCC.CASE SUMMARY In this report,we present a patient with MCC who was treated with cadonilimab monotherapy at a dose of 6 mg/kg every two weeks after chemotherapy was proven to be intolerable.The patient exhibited a sustained complete response for a duration of 6 months,demonstrating an optimistic outlook.CONCLUSION This case illustrates the considerable efficacy of cadonilimab for treating advanced MCC.Therefore,BsAb therapy is a promising strategy for effectively treating patients with advanced MCC and should be considered as an option when patients are intolerant to standard chemotherapy.

关键词： Cadonilimab Complete response Bispecific antibodies Recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer Programmed death protein 1 Cytotoxic T-lymphocyteassociated antigen-4 Case report

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AP-1 and SP1 trans-activate the expression of hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 in the bioactivation of AFB1 in chicken

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1468-1478页

作者： Jiang Deng Jia-Cheng Yang Yue Feng ze-Jing Xu Kamil Kuča meng Liu Lv-Hui Sun State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Hradec KraloveHradec Kralove 50003Czech Republic

Dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1(AFB1)is harmful to the health and performance of domestic animals.The hepatic cytochrome P450s(CYPs),CYP1A1 and CYP2A6,are the primary enzymes responsible for the bioactivation of AFB1to the highly toxic exo-AFB1-8,9-epoxide(AFBO)in chicks.However,the transcriptional regulation mechanism of these CYP genes in the liver of chicks in AFB1metabolism remains unknown.Dual-luciferase reporter assay,bioinformatics and site-directed mutation results indicated that specificity protein 1(SP1)and activator protein-1(AP-1)motifs were located in the core region-1,063/-948,-606/-541 of the CYP1A1 promoter as well as-636/-595,-503/-462,-147/-1 of the CYP2A6 promoter.Furthermore,overexpression and decoy oligodeoxynucleotide technologies demonstrated that SP1 and AP-1 were pivotal transcriptional activators regulating the promoter activity of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6.Moreover,bioactivation of AFB1to AFBO could be increased by upregulation of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 expression,which was trans-activated owing to the upregulation of AP-1,rather than SP1,stimulated by AFB1-induced reactive oxygen species.Additionally,nano-selenium could reduce ROS,downregulate AP-1 expression and then decrease the expression of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6,thus alleviating the toxicity of AFB1.In conclusion,AP-1 and SP1 played important roles in the transactivation of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 expression and further bioactivated AFB1to AFBO in chicken liver,which could provide novel targets for the remediation of aflatoxicosis in chicks.

关键词： aflatoxin B1 CYP1A1 CYP2A6 SP1 AP-1 transcriptional activation

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Uniform lithium deposition induced by copper phthalocyanine additive for durable lithium anode in lithium-sulfur batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 447-452页

作者： Ting Hu Yuxuan Guo Yixuan meng ze Zhang Ji Yu Jianxin Cai Zhenyu Yang Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China

Copper phthalocyanine(CuPc)is adopted as an electrolyte additive to stabilize lithium anode for lithiumsulfur(Li-S)batteries.CuPc with a planar molecular structure and lithiophilic N-containing group,is likely to be adsorbed on the surface of Li anode to form a coating layer,which can restrict the direct contact between Li anode and solvents,and guide the uniform deposition of Li^(+)ions.The Li||Li symmetric cells demonstrate a stable cycle performance,and Li||Cu cells show high Coulombic efficiencies.In Li-S batteries,the formed stable solid-electrolyte interface(SEI)film containing copper sulfides can protect Li anode from the polysulfide corrosion and side reactions with the electrolyte,leading to the compact and smooth surface morphology of Li anode.Therefore,the Li-S batteries with CuPc additive deliver much higher capacity,better cycle performance and rate capability as compared to the one without CuPc additive.

关键词： Copper phthalocyanine Electrolyte additive Stable SEI film Stabilized Li anode Lithium-sulfur batteries

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Microstructures and mechanical properties of a commercial Mg-Al-Zn-Mn alloy with various hot-extrusion processes

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1329-1336页

作者： He Ma Fan-Zhi meng Qiang Yang ze-Feng Xie Yuan-Ding Huang Xin Qiu State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China School of Materials Science and Engineering Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun130022China MagIC-Magnesium Innovation Center Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht21502GeesthachtGermany Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials Ministry of EducationChangchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun130022China

Mg-Al-Zn-Mn(AZ)system alloys have become widely used due to their good castability,excellent formability and outstanding corrosion resistance[1-6].However,their strength is still much lower than that of traditional Mg... 详细信息

关键词： alloys alloy corrosion

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Review of the application of in-situ sensing techniques to address the tea growth characteristics from leaf to field

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 1-11页

作者： Qiong Cao Chunjiang Zhao ze Xu Ping Jiang Haibin Yang Xiangyu meng Guijun Yang Information Technology Research Center Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China College of Machnical and Electrical Engineering Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410125China Tea Research Institute of Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chongqing 400000China

The tea plant is a valuable and evergreen crop that is extensively cultivated in China and many other countries.Currently,there is growing research interest in this plant.For the tea industry,it is crucial to develop rapid and non-invasive methods to evaluate tea plants in their natural environment.This article provides a comprehensive overview of non-invasive sensing techniques used for in-situ detection of tea plants.The topics covered include leaf,canopy,and field-level assessments,as well as statistical analysis techniques and characteristics specific to the research.Non-invasive testing technology is primarily used for monitoring and predicting tea pests and diseases,monitoring quality,and nutrients,determining tenderness and grade,identifying tea plant varieties,automatically detecting,and identifying tea buds,monitoring tea plant growth,and extracting tea garden areas through remote sensing.It also helps to evaluate planting suitability,assess disasters,and estimate yields.Additionally,the article examines the challenges and prospects of emerging techniques aimed at resolving the in-situ detection problem for tea plants.It can assist researchers and producers in comprehensively understanding the tea environment,quality characteristics,and growth process,thereby enhancing tea production quality,and fostering tea industry development.

关键词： non-destructive in-situ detection tea plants growth characteristics sensors

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Epidemiology and prognostic nomogram for locally advanced gastric signet ring cell carcinoma:A population-based study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2610-2630页

作者： ze-Hao Yu Lei-Ming Zhang Zhi-Qi Dai meng-Na Zhang Si-Ming Zheng Health Science Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Health Science Center Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211Zhejiang ProvinceChina College of Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma(GSRC)represents a specific subtype of gastric cancer renowned for its contentious epidemiological features,treatment principles,and prognostic factors.AIM To investigate the epidemiology of GSRC and establish an improved model for predicting the prognosis of patients with locally advanced GSRC(LAGSRC)after surgery.METHODS The annual rates of GSRC incidence and mortality,covering the years 1975 to 2019,were extracted from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database to explore the temporal trends in both disease incidence and mortality rates using Joinpoint software.The clinical data of 3793 postoperative LAGSRC patients were collected from the SEER database for the analysis of survival rates.The Cox regression model was used to explore the independent prognostic factors for overall survival(OS).The risk factors extracted were used to establish a prognostic nomogram.RESULTS The overall incidence of GSRC increased dramatically between 1975 and 1998,followed by a significant downward trend in incidence after 1998.In recent years,there has been a similarly optimistic trend in GSRC mortality rates.The trend in GSRC showed discrepancies based on age and sex.Receiver operating characteristic curves,calibration curves,and decision curve analysis for 1-year,3-year,and 5-year OS demonstrated the high discriminative ability and clinical utility of this nomogram.The area under the curve indicated that the performance of the new model outperformed that of the pathological staging system.CONCLUSION The model we established can aid clinicians in the early prognostication of LAGSRC patients,resulting in improved clinical outcomes by modifying management strategies and patient health care.

关键词： Signet ring cell carcinoma Locally advanced gastric cancer Adjuvant chemotherapy Nomogram Epidemiology Overall survival

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Azocalixarenes: a scaffold of universal excipients with high efficiency

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1697-1706页

作者： Yu-Xin Yue Yi-Lin Lin meng-meng Chen Han-Wen Tian Rong Ma ze-Han Wang Fang-Yuan Chen Yu-Chen Pan Dong-Sheng Guo College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials(Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Excipients are important components of pharmaceutical preparations that affect their quality, safety, and efficacy. Macrocyclic receptors are a family of supramolecular excipients with several advantages, including molecular-level protection, small sizes,fast kinetics of host-guest recognition, and modular construction. With the continuous advances in the medical field, personalized and precision medicine requires the development of excipients with low dosages, integrated modifying effects, universality,and controlled release. To meet these requirements, we have developed a new family of macrocyclic excipients based on calixarenes by integrating their covalent(broad chemical design space) and noncovalent(wide range of substrates) advantages.Accordingly, azocalixarenes(Azo CAs) were designed, showing high binding affinities to a broad spectrum of active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs), selectivity to interferents, and responsiveness to hypoxic microenvironments. Due to their highly efficient and controllable recognition, Azo CAs serve as low-dose excipients for 30 APIs. Molecular encapsulation by Azo CAs results in the integrated modification of the physicochemical properties of APIs, including solubility, stability, bioavailability,and biocompatibility. Moreover, Azo CAs can be reduced by azoreductases overexpressed in hypoxic microenvironments,leading to the controlled release of APIs. Collectively, Azo CA excipients have broad application prospects for a series of diseases such as enteritis, arthritis, stroke, cancer, bacterial infection and kidney injury, with diverse therapeutic modalities,including chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, immunotherapy, boron neutron capture therapy, radiotherapy, fluorescence imaging, and their combinations.

关键词： supramolecular chemistry host-guest systems excipient calixarene molecular recognition

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Solar evaporation for simultaneous oil-water separation and electricity generation with Janus wood-based absorbers

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 13-23页

作者： Yue Yang ze Fu Qi Zhang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science&TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering(Ministry of Education) School of Environmental Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresCollege of Engineering and Applied SciencesKey Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation(Ministry of Education)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional MaterialsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Oily wastewater from ocean oil spills endangers marine ecosystems and human health. Therefore, developing an effective and sustainable solution for separating oil-water mixtures is urgent. Interfacial solar photothermal evaporation is a promising approach for the complete separation of two-phase mixtures using only solar energy. Herein, we report a carbonized wood-based absorber with Janus structure of comprising a hydrophobic top-layer and an oleophobic bottom-layer for simultaneous solar-driven oil-water separation and electricity generation. Under sunlight irradiation, the rapid evaporation of seawater will induce a separation of oil-water mixtures, and cause a high salt concentration region underlying the interface, while the bottom “bulk water” maintains in a low salt concentration, thus forming a salinity gradient. Electricity can be generated by salinity gradient power. Therefore, oil-water separation efficiency of > 99% and derived extra electricity power of ~0.1 W/m2 is achieved under solar radiation, demonstrating the feasibility of oil-water separation and electricity production synchronously directly using solar energy. This work provides a green and cost-effective path for the separation of oil-water mixtures.

关键词： Oily wastewater Carbonized wood Salinity gradient Electricity generation Solar irradiation

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Response of runoff and its components to climate change in the Manas River of the Tian Shan Mountains

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 62-74页

作者： ze-Long YANG Peng BAI Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10010lChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

A warming-wetting climate trend has led to increased runoff in most watersheds in the Tian Shan Mountains over the past few decades.However,it remains unclear how runoff components,that is,rainfall runoff(Rrain),snowmelt runoff(Rsnow),and glacier meltwater(Rglacier),responded to historical climate change and how they will evolve under future climate change scenarios.Here,we used a modified Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenbalansavdelning(HBV)model and a detrending method to quantify the impact of precipitation and temperature changes on runoff components in the largest river(Manas River)on the northern slope of the Tian Shan Mountains from 1982 to 2015.A multivariate calibration strategy,including snow cover,glacier area,and runoff was implemented to constrain model parameters associated with runoff components.The downscaled outputs of 12 general circulation models(GCMs)from the Sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6)were also used to force the modified HBV model to project the response of runoff and its components to future(2016-2100)climate change under three common socio-economic pathways(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585).The results indicate that Rrain dominates mean annual runoff with a proportion of 42%,followed by Rsnow(37%)and Rglacier(21%).In terms of inter-annual variation,Rrain and Rsnow show increasing trends(0.93(p0.05)mm per year),while Rglacier exhibits an insignificant(p>0.05)decreasing trend(-0.12 mm per year),leading to an increasing trend in total runoff(1.12 mm per year,p>0.05).The attribution analysis indicates that changes in precipitation and temperature contribute 8.16 and 10.37 mm,respectively,to the increase in runoff at the mean annual scale.Climate wetting(increased precipitation)increases Rrain(5.03 mm)and Rsnow(3.19 mm)but has a limited effect on Rglacier(-0.06 mm),while warming increases Rrain(10.69 mm)and Rglacier(5.79 mm)but decreases Rsnow(-6.12 mm).The negative effect of glacier shrinkage on Rglacier has outweighed the positive effect of warming on Rglaciers resulti

关键词： Tian Shan Rainfall runoff Snowmelt runoff Glacier meltwater Warming-wetting Tipping point

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