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Effect of CaO on retention of S, Cl, Br, As, Mn, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn,W and Pb in bottom ashes from fluidized-bed coal combustion power station

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第7期26卷 1429-1436页

作者： Lucie Bartonova zdenek Klika Energy Units for Utilization of Non-Traditional Energy Sources Centre V?B-Technical University of Ostrava 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba Czech Republic Regional Material and Technology Research Centre VSB-Technical University of Ostrava 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba Czech Republic

This work was conducted to evaluate whether Ca-bearing additives used during coal combustion can also help with the retention of some other elements. This work was focused on the evaluation of bottom ashes collected during four full-scale combustion tests at an operating thermal fluidized-bed power station. Bottom ashes were preferred to fly ashes for the study to avoid interference from condensation processes usually occurring in the post-combustion zone. This work focused on the behaviors of S, Cl, Br, As, Mn, V, Cr, Ni, Cu,Zn, W, and Pb. Strong positive correlations with CaO content in bottom ashes were observed（for all four combustion tests） for S, As, Cl and Br（R = 0.917-0.999）. Strong inverse proportionality was calculated between the contents of Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr and Mn and CaO, so these elements showed association to materials other than Ca-bearing compounds（e.g., to aluminosilicates, organic matter, etc.）. Somewhat unclear behaviors were observed for W, Cu, and V. Their correlation coefficients were evaluated as statistically ＂not significant＂, i.e., these elements were not thought to be significantly associated with CaO. It was also discovered that major enrichment of CaO in the finest bottom ash fractions could be advantageously used for simple separation of elements strongly associated with these fractions, mainly S and As, but also Cl or Br. Removal of5% of the finest ash particles brings about a decrease in As concentration down to 77%-80% of its original bulk ash content, which can be conveniently used e.g., when high As content complicates further ash utilization.

关键词： Coal combustion Arsenic Chlorine Bromine CaO Retention Fluidized-bed Trace elements

Structural and photocatalytic characteristics of TiO_(2) coatings produced by various thermal spray techniques

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2013年第3期2卷 218-226页

作者： Pavel CTIBOR Vaclav STENGL zdenek PALA Institute of Plasma Physics ASCRv.v.i.Za Slovankou 3PragueCzech Republic Institute of Inorganic Chemistry ASCRv.v.i.Husinec-RezCzech Republic

Titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))was elaborated by four different thermal spray techniques-(i)plasma spraying using a water-stabilized torch,(ii)plasma spraying using a gas-stabilized torch,(iii)high velocity oxy-fuel gun,and(iv)oxy-acetylene *** porosity of the coatings was studied by optical microscopy,nano-structural features by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),phase composition by X-ray diffraction(XRD);the microhardness,surface roughness and wear resistance were *** diffuse reflectance was measured by ultra-violet/visible/near-infrared(UV/Vis/NIR)scanning *** kinetics of photocatalytic degradation of gaseous acetone was measured under a UV lamp with 365 nm *** all the applied spray processes,the transformation of anatase phase from the initial powders to rutile phase in the coatings *** spite of this transformation,all the coatings exhibited certain photocatalytic activity,which correlated well with their band gap energy calculated from *** the coatings offer relatively good mechanical properties and can serve as robust photocatalysts.

关键词： plasma spraying high velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF)spraying flame spraying titanium dioxide(TiO_(2)) photocatalysis band gap

Proposed EU legislation to force changes in sewage sludge disposal:A case study

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第4期12卷 660-669页

作者： Vojtech Turek Bohuslav Kilkovsky zdenek Jegla Petr Stehlik Institute of Process Engineering Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringBmo University of Tectmology61669 BmoCzech Republic

The consequences of changes planned in the European Union legislation relevant to the disposal of sewage sludges are discussed. A specific municipal waste water treatment plant is analyzed in terms of drying and subsequent combustion or pyrolysis of the produced stabilized sludge, and the respective net energy balances are carried out. A simplified economic analysis of the two disposal options is presented, which suggest that combustion of the sludge would be economically infeasible while pyrolysis of the sludge in a modular, self-sufficient container unit can bring a small financial benefit due to the selling of the produced phosphorus-rich biochar.

关键词： sewage sludge drying combustion pyrolysis

Revision of the photometric parameters of BS Cassiopeiae

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2010年第6期10卷 569-576页

作者： Jia-Jia He Sheng-Bang Qian Miloslav Zejda zdenek Mikulasek National Astronomical Observatories / Yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects National Astronomical Observatories/Yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University Kotlarska 2 611 37 Brno Czech Republic Observatory and Planetarium of J. Palisa VSB- Technical University Ostrava Czech Republic

Seven charge-coupled device （CCD） photometric times of light minimum of the overcontact binary BS Cas which were obtained from 2007 August to November and one CCD light curve in the R band which was observed on 2007 September 24 and October 15, are presented. It is found that the light curve ofBS Cas has characteristics like a typical EW-type light variation. The light curve obtained by us is symmetric and shows total eclipses, which is very useful for determining photometric parameters with high precision. Photometric solutions were derived by using the 2003 version of the Wilson-Devinney code. It shows that BS Cas is a W-subtype overcontact binary （f = 27.5% ± 0.4%） with a mass ratio of q = 2.7188± 0.0040. The temperature difference between the two components is 190 K. Analysis of the 042 curve suggests that the period of AE Phe shows a long-term continuous decrease at a rate of dP/dt = - 2.45 × 10^-7 d yr^- 1 The long-time period decrease can be explained by mass transfer from the primary to the secondary.

关键词： stars binaries close -- stars binaries eclipsing -- stars individual BS Cas

Prolonged hypervolemic hemodilution decreases functional capillary density of ileal mucosa in pigs revealed by sidestream dark-field imaging

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2011年第10期12卷 867-874页

作者： zdenek TUREK Vladimir CERNY Renata PARIZKOVA Jindrich SAMEK Martin OBERREITER Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care University Hospital Hradec KraloveCharles University in PragueHradec Kralove 500 05Czech Republic Department of Surgery University Hospital Hradec KraloveCharles University in PragueHradec Kralove 500 05Czech Republic

Objective： Hemodilution changes the physical properties of blood by reducing its hematocrit and blood viscosity. We tested whether prolonged hypervolemic hemodilution （HHD） impairs functional capillary density （FCD） of ileal mucosa in healthy mechanically-ventilated pigs and if there is any correlation between changes in FCD of ileal and sublingual mucosas during HHD. Methods： Sixteen domestic female pigs were anesthetized, mechanically-ventilated, and randomly assigned to the HHD （20 ml/（kg.h） Hartmann＇s solution for 3 h） or fluid restrictive （5 ml/（kg-h） Hartmann＇s solution for 3 h） group. Microcirculations of sublingual and ileal mucosas via ileostomy were visualized using sidestream dark-field （SDF） imaging at baseline conditions （t=0 h） and at selected time intervals of fluid therapy （t=-l, 2, and 3 h）. Results： A significant decrease of ileal FCD （285 （278-292） cm/cm^2） in the HHD group was observed after the third hour of HHD when compared to the baseline （360 （350-370） cm/cm2）（P〈0.01）. This trend was not observed in the restrictive group, where the ileal mucosa FCD was significantly higher after the third hour of fluid therapy as compared to the HHD group （P〈0.01）. No correlation between microhemodynamic parameters obtained from sublingual and ileal mucosas was found throughout the study. Conclusions： Prolonged HHD established by crystalloid solution significantly decreased ileal villus FCD when compared to restrictive fluid regimen. An inappropriate degree of HHD can be harmful during uncomplicated abdominal surgery.

关键词： Hypervolemic hemodilution Intestinal microcirculation Sidestream dark-field imaging

Photocatalytic and electrochemical properties of single-and multi-layer sub-stoichiometric titanium oxide coatings prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2016年第2期5卷 126-136页

作者： Pavel CTIBOR Ramachandran Chidambaram SESHADRI Jiri HENYCH Vaclav NEHASIL zdenek PALA Jiri KOTLAN Materials Engineering Department Institute of Plasma Physics AS CR Za Slovankou 3 Prague 8 Czech Republic Center for Thermal Spray Research Department of Materials Science & Engineering The State University of New York at Stony Brook NY 11794-2275 USA Institute of Inorganic Chemistry AS CR Husinec-Rez 250 68 Czech Republic Department of Surface and Plasma Science Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University V Holesovickach 2 Prague 8 Czech Republic

We studied the photocatalytic and electrochemical impedance properties of two different sub-stoichiometric titania powders deposited using plasma spraying. Two different commercial powders with markedly diverse mean size as well as size distribution were chosen. Thermal oxidation of these as-received powders was carried out to restore the O/Ti ratio to be 2.0. By this way, another two kinds of feedstock powders were obtained. Total of four kinds of feedstock powders were used in the experiments. All powders were sprayed using identical plasma spraying parameters. For some spraying runs, carbon steel served as the substrate, and for others, the previously sprayed titania coating from a different kind of feedstock. Combinations of single- and double-layer coatings were studied. Porosity, microstructure, phase composition, chemical composition, band gap based on reflectance measurement, and photocatalytic activity were examined. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrated substantial differences between samples sprayed from the fine and coarse powders. Coatings from oxidized powders were slightly more photocatalytic. High spraying distance used for several of them was good for obtaining low band gap, whereas surface roughness and phase composition were not substantially different compared to standard spraying distance coatings.

关键词： titanium dioxide stoichiometry feedstock photocatalysis spectroscopic techniques

Comparison with Molecular Surface Electrostatic Potential and Thermal Reactivity of Nitramines

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含能材料 2015年第12期23卷 1155-1161页

作者： Svatopluk Zeman zdenek Friedl Monika Bartoskova Qi-Long YAN Institute of Energetic Materials Faculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversityo f PardubiceCZ-53210PardubicetheCzechRepublic Facultyof Chemistry Brno Universityof TechnologyCZ.-61200Brnothe Czech Republic

Molecular surface electrostatic potentials V_S(r) ( ESP) of seventeen nitramines have been calculated. As a criterion of the imbalance between the maximum positive,V_(S,max) and minimum negative,V_(S,min),values of molecular surface electrostatic potentials their sum was derived and used as a new simple characteristic for ESPs-V_(S,Σ). These V_(S,Σ) values have close relationships with the Arrhenius parameters,activation energy E_a and preexponent log A,of thermal decomposition of the nitramines studied. The correlation between the V_(S,Σ) values and heats of fusion of the nitramines studied is described. These findings suggested analyzing the physico-chemical behavior of the nitramine crystals during this decomposition; in this connection an investigation was carried out using isothermal thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscopy of thermally exposed crystals of cis-1,3,4,6-tetranitrooctahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazole( sintering of its crystal surfaces),of β-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane( cracking of its crystals during β !δ transition) and of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane. The results suggest a need to study the pre-decomposition states on thermal decomposition of the nitramines' molecule's crystals.

关键词：爆破器料含能材料材料烟火材料

Biohybrid Micro-and Nanorobots for Intelligent Drug Delivery

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Cyborg and Bionic Systems 2022年第1期2022卷 187-199页

作者： Jinhua Li Lukas Dekanovsky Bahareh Khezri Bing Wu Huaijuan Zhou zdenek Sofer School of Medical Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology PragueTechnicka 516628 Prague 6Czech Republic

Biohybrid mico-and nanorobots are integrated tiny machines from biological components and artificial *** can poss ess the advantages of onboard actuation,sensing,control,and implementation of multiple medical tasks such as targeted drug delivery,single-cell manipulation,and cell *** review paper is to give an overview of biohybrid micro-and nanorobots for smart drug delivery ***,a wide range of biohybrid micro-and nanorobots comprising different biological components are reviewed in ***,the applications of biohybrid mico-and nanorobots for active drug delivery are introduced to demonstrate how such biohybrid micro-and nanorobots are being exploited in the field of medicine and ***,key challenges to be overcome are discussed to pave the way for the clinical translation and application of the biohybrid micro-and nanorobots.

关键词： overcome artificial delivery

Patient and physician perception of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic appendectomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第15期18卷 1800-1805页

作者： Tomas Hucl Adela Saglova Marek Benes Matej Kocik Martin Oliverius zdenek Valenta Julius Spicak Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine14021 PragueCzech Republic Department of Transplantation Surgery Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine14021 PragueCzech Republic Department of Medical Informatics Institute of Computer Science AS CR18207 PragueCzech Republic

AIM:To investigate perception of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(NOTES)as a potential technique for ***:One hundred patients undergoing endoscopy and 100 physicians were given a questionnaire describing in detail the techniques of NOTES and laparoscopic *** were asked about the reasons for their preference,choice of orifice,and extent of complication risk they were willing to ***:Fifty patients(50%)and only 21 physicians(21%)preferred NOTES(P<0.001).Patients had previously heard of NOTES less frequently(7%vs73%,P<0.001)and had undergone endoscopy more frequently(88%vs 36%,P<0.001)than *** of hernia was the most common reason for NOTES preference in physicians(80%vs 44%,P= 0.003),whereas reduced pain was the most common reason in patients(66%vs 52%).Physicians were more likely to refuse NOTES as a novel and unsure technique(P<0.001)and having an increased risk of infection(P<0.001).The preferred access site in both groups was colon followed by stomach,with vagina being rarely *** multivariable modeling,those with high-school education[odds ratio(OR):2.68,95% confidence interval(CI):1.23-5.83]and prior colonoscopy(OR:2.10,95%CI:1.05-4.19)were more likely to prefer NOTES over laparoscopic *** was a steep decline in NOTES preference with increased rate of procedural *** patients were more likely to consent to their wives vaginal NOTES appendectomy than male physicians(P=0.02).CONCLUSION:The preference of NOTES for appendectomy was greater in patients than physicians and was related to reduced pain and absence of hernia rather than lack of scarring.

关键词： Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery Patient perception Physician perception Appendectomy Laparoscopy