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Challenges in early phase of implementing the 1-3-7 surveillance and response approach in malaria elimination setting:A field study from Myanmar

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第1期9卷 100-100页

作者： Poe Poe Aung zaw win thein Zar Ni Min Hein Kyaw Thet Aung Nwe Oo Mon Nay Yi Yi Linn Aung Thi Khin Thet Wai Thae Maung Maung Duke Global Health Institute Myanmar Program YangonMyanmar 不详

Background:The National Plan for Malaria Elimination(NPME)in Myanmar(2016–2030)aims to eliminate indigenous Plasmodium falciparum malaria in six states/regions of low endemicity by 2020 and countrywide by *** achieve this goal,in 2016 the National Malaria Control Program(NMCP)implemented the“1-3-7”surveillance and response *** study aims to identify the barriers to successful implementation of the NPME which emerged during the early phase of the“1-3-7”approach ***:A mixed-methods study was conducted with basic health staff(BHS)and Vector Born Disease Control Program(VBDC)staff between 2017 and 2018 in six townships of six states/regions targeted for sub-national elimination by 2020.A self-administered questionnaire,designed to assess the knowledge required to implement the“1-3-7”approach,was completed by 544 *** analysis was performed for quantitative findings and thematic analysis was conducted for qualitative findings using *** ***:Although 83%of participants reported performing the key activities in the“1-3-7”surveillance and response approach,less than half could report performing those activities within 3 days and 7 days(40 and 43%,respectively).Low proportion of BHS correctly identified six categories of malaria cases and three types of foci(22 and 26%,respectively).In contrast,nearly 80%of respondents correctly named three types of case detection *** cited challenges included‘low community knowledge on health’(43%),‘inadequate supplies’(22%),and‘transportation difficulty’(21%).Qualitative data identified poor knowledge of key surveillance activities,delays in reporting,and differences in reporting systems as the primary *** dominant perceived barrier to success was inability to control the influx of migrant workers into target jurisdictions especially in hard-to-reach *** with township medical officers and the NMCP team leaders further highlighted the necessity o

关键词： Malaria elimination 1-3-7 approach Surveillance and response Basic health staff Mixed methods Myanmar

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Participation of private general practitioners in disease management of malaria in Myanmar

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第5期2卷 71-76页

作者： thein Tun zaw win Tun Hla Soe Tint Khin Lin Thar Tun Kyaw Moe Kyaw Myint Department of Medical Research(Upper Myanmar) AnisakhanPyin Oo Lwin 05062Mandalay DivisionMyanmar VBDC Divisional Office 35th StreetMandalayMyanmar

Objective:Myanmar has been trying to improve the disease management of malaria through public health services. The involvement of private general practitioners(GPs) is recognized as one of the key contributory issues in malaria control,but no one has yet made an attempt to study the efficiency of their *** study aimed to assess the participation of GPs in improvement of disease ***:The study was conducted with all 32 GPs practicing at three randomly selected townships with high malaria load situated in Upper Myanmar from June 2006 to March 2007 using a pretest-posttest design to assess their knowledge of the disease management prior to and after *** intervention package consisted of a one-day workshop on diagnosis and treatment of malaria and the supply of facilities for *** filled in before and after tests were compared to assess the change of knowledge after the *** and treatment practice during the study period was analysed by review of registers kept by GPs,together with a follow-up survey of their patients for the reliability of ***:An overall improvement of knowledge was observed and significant changes were apparent for three variables:the criteria for referral of severe malaria,the effect of incomplete treatment and recommended treatment of Plasmodium ***-test results showed that only 65.6%of GPs perceived microscopy or Rapid Diagnostic Test kits(RDTs) for confirmation of malaria necessary,while only 15.6%and 40.6%of the GPs knew the recommended treatments of falciparum and vivax malaria,respectively. However,after intervention 92%of the patients were diagnosed as malaria by RDTs and 3%by microscopy throughout the *** GPs prescribed artemisinin-based combination therapy(ACTs) to 95%of confirmed falciparum cases and treated 82.4%of RDT confirmed falciparum negatives with chloroquine and *** with our study,an international NGO,Population Service In

关键词： Malaria Myanmar Private health services Disease management Private general practitioners

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The contribution of a non-governmental organisation’s Community Based Tuberculosis Care Programme to case finding in Myanmar:trend over time

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 449-454页

作者： Htet Myet win Maung Saw Saw Petros Isaakidis Mohammed Khogali Anthony Reid Nguyen Binh Hoa Ko Ko zaw Saw thein Si Thu Aung National Tuberculosis Programme Ministry of Health and SportsZabuthiri townshipPostcode 15011 Nay Pyi TawMyanmar Department of Medical Research Ministry of Health and SportsYangonMyanmar Medecins Sans Frontieres Operational Research UnitMSF-LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg National Tuberculosis Programme HanoiVietnam Centre for Operational Research International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung DiseaseParisFrance

Background:It is estimated that the standard,passive case finding(PCF)strategy for detecting cases of tuberculosis(TB)in Myanmar has not been successful:26%of cases are ***,alternative strategies,such as active case finding(ACF)by community volunteers,have been initiated since *** study aimed to assess the contribution of a Community Based TB Care Programme(CBTC)by local non-government organizations(NGOs)to TB case finding in Myanmar over 4 ***:This was a descriptive study using routine,monitoring *** data from the NGOs were sent to a central registry within the National TB Programme and data for this study were extracted from that *** from all 84 project townships in five regions and three states in Myanmar were *** project was launched in ***:Over time,the number of presumptive TB cases that were referred decreased,except in the Yangon Region,although in some areas,the numbers *** the same time,there was a trend for the proportion of cases treated,compared to those referred,that decreased over time(P=0.051).Overall,among 84 townships,the contribution of CBTC to total case detection deceased from 6%to 4%over time(P<0.001).Conclusions:Contrary to expectations and evidence from previous studies in other countries,a concerning reduction in TB case finding by local NGO volunteer networks in several areas in Myanmar was recorded over 4 *** suggests that measures to support the volunteer network and improve its performance are *** may include discussion with local NGOs human resources personnel,incentives for the volunteers,closer supervision of volunteers and improved monitoring and evaluation tools.

关键词： Operational research Community based tuberculosis care Contribution SORT IT

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Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant, antiglycation and antimicrobial potential of indigenous Myanmar medicinal plants

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第5期16卷 358-366页

作者： The Su Moe Htet Htet win Thin Thin Hlaing War War Lwin zaw Min Htet Khin Mar Mya Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory Biotechnology Research DepartmentMinistry of EducationMandalay Division Department of Research and Innovation (DRI) Ministry of Education Cell Culture Laboratory Biotechnology Research DepartmentMinistry of EducationMandalay Division

Objective： Myanmar has a long history of using medicinal plants for treatment of various diseases. To the best of our knowledge there are no previous reports on antiglycation activities of medicinal plants from Myanmar. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation and antimicrobial properties of 20 ethanolic extracts from 17 medicinal plants indigenous to Myanmar. Methods： In vitro scavenging assays of 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH）, nitric oxide （NO）, superoxide （SO） radicals were used to determine the antioxidant activities. Folin-Ciocalteu＇s method was performed to determine the total phenolic content. Antiglycation and antimicrobial activities were detected by bovine serum albumin-fluorescent assay and agar well diffusion method. Results： Terminalia cbebula Retz. （Fruit）, containing the highest total phenolic content, showed high antioxidant activities with inhibition of 77.98% ± 0.92% 88.95% ± 2.42%, 88.56% ±1.87% and 70.74% ±2.57% for DPPH, NO, SO assays and antiglycation activity respectively. It also showed the antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coil, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans with inhibition zone of 19, 18, 17, 25 and 15 ram, respectively. Garcinia mangostana Linn. showed the strongest activities for SO and antiglycation assays with inhibition of 93.68% ± 2.63% and 82.37%± 1.78%. Bark of Melia sp. was the best NO radical scavenger with inhibition rate of 89.39%± 0.60%. Conclusion： The results suggest that these plants are potential sources of antioxidants with free radical-scavenging and antiglycation activities and could be useful for decreasing the oxidative stress and glycation end-product formation in glycation-related diseases.

关键词： Medicinal plants Antiglycation Antioxidant2,2 -Diphenyl-1 -picrylhydrazyl Nitric oxide Superoxide Antimicrobial agents

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Hepatitis C virus therapy with peg-interferon and ribavirin in Myanmar: A resource-constrained country

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第43期22卷 9613-9622页

作者： Naomi Khaing Than Hlaing Debolina Banerjee Robert Mitrani Soe Htet Arker Kyaw San win Nyan Lin Tun zaw Thant Khin Maung win K Rajender Reddy Department of Hepatology Mandalay General Hospital Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Pennsylvania

AIM To investigate peg-interferon(peg-IFN) and ribavirin(RBV) therapy in Myanmar and to predict sustained virologic response(SVR).METHODS This single-center, open-label, study was conducted in Myanmar between 2009 and 2014. A total of 288 patients infected with HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3 and 6 were treated with peg-IFN alpha-2a(180 μg/wk) or alpha-2b(50 to 100 μg as a weight-based dose) and RBV as a weight-based dose(15 mg/kg/d). Treatment duration was 48 wk for genotypes 1 and 6, 24 wk for genotype 2, and 24 or 48 wk for genotype 3 based on rapid virologic response(RVR). Those co-infected with hepatitis B received 48 wk of *** Overall, SVR was achieved for 82% of patients and the therapy was well tolerated. All patients achieved SVR at equivalent rates regardless of HCV genotype(P = 0.314). Low fibrosis scores(P 96% positive predictive value for achieving SVR. Treatment duration did not significantly impact the likelihood of achieving SVR for patients infected with genotype 3 HCV(P = 0.371). The most common adverse events were fatigue(71%) and poor appetite(60%). Among patients with genotype 3 HCV, more patients in the 48-wk treatment group required erythropoietin than in the 24-wk treatment group(61.1% vs 49.2%).CONCLUSION SVR rates were high with peg-IFN and RBV therapy in Myanmar. Fibrosis scores, baseline albumin, HCV RNA levels and RVR independently predicted SVR.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Pegylated-interferon Ribavirin Sustained virologic response Rapid virologic response

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Five newly recorded Cyprinid fish (Teleostei： Cypriniformes) in Myanmar

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Zoological Research 2017年第5期38卷 300-309页

作者： Tao Qin Zhi-Ying Chen Lu-Lu Xu Paing zaw Yunn Mi Mi Kyaw Kyaw win Maung Xiao-Yong Chen Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Yezin Nay Pyi Taw 05282 Myanmar Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China Kunming Collage of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650204 China Forest Research Institute Yezin Nay Pyi Taw 05282 Myanmar

Freshwater fish from the Putao and Myitkyina areas were collected in three ichthyofaunal surveys of the Mall Hka River and tributaries in and around Khakaborazi National Park and Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary, Kachin State, from 2014-2016. Tor yingjiangensis Chen et Yang 2004, Tor qiaojiensis Wu et al. 1977, Garra qiaojiensis Wu et al. 1977, Garra bispinosa Zhang 2005, and Schizothorax oligolepis Huang 1985, originally described from the upper Irrawaddy （Ayeyarwaddy） River in China, are first reported herein as new records to Myanmar. Counts, measurements, descriptions, photographs, and distributions of the specimens of the five newly recorded species are provided.

关键词： New record Cyprinidae Mali Hka River Irrawaddy Myanmar

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Contributions to the flora of Myanmar from 2000 to 2019

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Plant Diversity 2020年第4期42卷 292-301页

作者： Bin Yang Min Deng Ming-Xia Zhang Aung zaw Moe Hong-Bo Ding Mya Bhone Maw Pyae Pyae win Richard TCorlett Yun-Hong Tan Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesYezinNay Pyi Taw05282Myanmar Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunMenglaYunnan666303PR China Center of Conservation Biology Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunMenglaYunnan666303PR China School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan650091PR China Forest Research Institute Forest DepartmentMinistry of Environmental Conservation and ForestryYezinNay Pyi Taw05282Myanmar

Myanmar is botanically rich and floristically diverse:one of the world's biodiversity ***,Myanmar is still very unevenly explored,and until a plant checklist was published in 2003,relatively little work was done on its *** checklist included 11,800 species of spermatophytes in 273 *** this checklist was published,the botanical exploration of Myanmar has accelerated and there have been many additional *** therefore surveyed the literature of taxonomic contributions to Myanmar’s vascular flora over the last 20 years(2000e2019)and compiled a list of new and newly described *** list includes 13 genera,193 species,7 subspecies,19 varieties,and 2 forms new to science;and 3 families,34 genera,347 species,4 subspecies,7 varieties,and 1 form newly recorded in ***,they represent 91 families and 320 *** of the new discoveries belong to 15 families,with more than 25%(146 taxa)belonging to *** new discoveries are unevenly distributed in the country,with about 41%of the newly discovered species described from Kachin State in northeast *** reflects the incompleteness of our current knowledge of the flora of Myanmar and the urgent need for a greatly expanded *** completion of the flora of Myanmar requires more fieldwork from north to south,taxonomic studies on new and existing collections,and some mechanism that both coordinates the efforts of various international institutions and initiatives and encourages continued international *** addition,producing modern taxonomic treatments of the flora of Myanmar requires the participation of experts on all vascular plant families and *** is also an urgent need to attract young scientists to plant taxonomy,to work on inventories,identification,nomenclature,herbarium work,and comparative studies.

关键词： Flora New species Taxonomy Plant diversity Specimens

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The effect of pharmaceutical care in the elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016年第1期11卷 93-94页

作者： win Myat Maw Mi Mi Saw theingi Kyaw Khin Ohnmar Kyaing zaw Min Latt Kyawzaw Lin Aung PyaePhyo No(2)Military Hospital(500-Bedded) YangonMyanmar University of Pharmacy YangonMyanmar Defence Services Medical Academy YangonMyanmar Military Institute of Nursing and Paramedical Sciences YangonMyanmar

Pharmaceutical care plays a crucial role in reducing mortality and morbidities of the patients.A hospital based quasiexperimental study was conducted with elderly patients with type 2 diabetes who attended at the diabetes clinic of No.(2)Military Hospital(500-Bedded)in Myanmar from April 2013 to February *** aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pharmaceutical care in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.A total of 52 respondents enrolled in this *** clinical outcomes and quality of life of patients before and eight months after intervention were *** care program was implemented as *** the total number of respondents,52 drug related problems were identified.

关键词： Pharmaceutical care Type 2 diabetes mellitus Quality of life Clinical outcomes

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Vehicle Navigation System using GPS Receiver

Vehicle Navigation System using GPS Receiver

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International Conference on Computational Techniques and Artificial Intelligence(ICCTAI’2011);International Conference on Advances in Electrical and Electronics Engineering(ICAEE’2011);International Conference on Mechanical,Automobile and Robotics Engineering(ICMAR’2011);International Conference on Management,Behavioral Sciences and Economics Issues(ICMBSE’2011);International Conference on Chemical,Environmental and Biological Sciences(ICCEBS’2011);International Conference on Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences(ICBPS’2011)

作者： Tin Hla win zaw Min Aung the Electronic Engineering Department at Mandalay Technological University

This paper focused on developing an enhancement of the Vehicle Navigation System by using GPS. This system is helped driver navigate by displaying the current position of vehicle on a displayed map. This system is needed to store required map in PC storage. This system has two parts that involve hardware and software parts construction and the integration of both parts to create the system. It typically used GPS receiver to acquire position data of the vehicle. The microcontroller is connected the GPS receiver to extract vehicular data from GPS NMEA message strings. And then Microcontroller sent latitude and longitude data to PC storage to locate on map by using *** language. One part of Mandalay division is used as displayed map for this system. This map is developed from Google Earth. All interfacing is used serial communication. This system is located the vehicle navigation on Mandalay map. It is also approached to advance Navigation System and GPS technology.

关键词： GPS Microcontroller vehicle PC and Map .

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A proto-monsoonal climate in the late Eocene of Southeast Asia:Evidence from a sedimentary record in central Myanmar

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第1期14卷 46-63页

作者： Huasheng Huang Robert J.Morley Alexis Licht Guillaume Dupont-Nivet Daniel Pérez-Pinedo Jan Westerweel zaw win Day Wa Aung Eko Budi Lelono Galina N.Aleksandrova Ramesh K.Saxena Carina Hoorn Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics(IBED) University of Amsterdam1090 GE AmsterdamThe Netherlands Palynova Ltd. 1 Mow Fen RoadLittleportCambridgeshire CB61PYUK Department of Earth Sciences Royal HollowayUniversity of LondonEghamSurrey TW200EXUK Centre de Recherche et d'Enseignement de Géosciences de I'Environnement(CEREGE) Aix-en-ProvenceFrance Institut fur Geowissenschaften Universität Potsdam14476 PotsdamGermany Géosciences Rennes CNRS and Universitéde Rennes 135042 Rennes CedexFrance Geology Department Shwe Bo UniversitySagaing RegionMyanmar Department of Geology University of YangonPyay RoadYangonMyanmar Badan Geologi Jl.Soekarno Hatta No 444BandungBandung 40254Indonesia Geological Institute Russian Academy of SciencesPyzhevsky Pereulok 7119017 MoscowRussia Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences 53 University RoadLucknow 226007India Department of Earth Sciences University of FlorenceVia G.La Pira 450121 Florenceltaly Department of Earth Sciences Memorial University of New-foundlandSt.John'sNewfoundland A1B 3X5Canada

The Burma Terrane has yielded some of the earliest pieces of evidence for monsoonal rainfall in the Bay of ***,Burmese ecosystems and their potential monsoonal imprint remain poorly *** study focuses on the late Eocene Yaw Formation(23°N)in central Myanmar,which was located near the equator(c.5°N)during the *** quantitatively assessed the past vegetation,climate,and depositional environments with sporomorph diagrams,bioclimatic analysis,and sequence *** calculated the palynological diversity and drew inferences with rarefaction analysis by comparing with four other middle to late Eocene tropical *** results highlight a high floristic diversity for the palynoflora throughout the section formed by six pollen zones characterized by different *** indicate that lowland evergreen forests and swamps dominated in the Eocene Burmese deltaic plains while terra firma areas were occupied by seasonal evergreen,seasonally dry,and deciduous *** vegetation pattern is typical to what is found around the Bay of Bengal today and supports a monsoon-like climate at the time of the Yaw *** analysis further suggests that in the late Eocene,the Yaw Formation was more seasonal,drier,and cooler compared to modern-day climate at similar near-equatorial *** seasonal and drier conditions can be explained by a well-marked seasonal migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone(ITCZ),driver of proto-monsoonal *** temperatures in the late Eocene of central Myanmar may be due to the lack of adequate modern analogues for the Eocene monsoonal climate,while those found at other three Eocene Asian paleobotanical sites(India and South China)may be caused by the effect of canopy evapotranspirational *** data suggest that paleoenvironmental change including two transgressive-regressive depositional sequences is controlled by global sea level change,which may be driven by cl

关键词： Bioclimatic analysis Diversity Monsoon Palynology Sequence biostratigraphy Southeast Asia

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