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Correlates and Covariates of Type 2 Diabetes in an African American Population in the Washington DC Area

Open Journal of Epidemiology 2022年第4期12卷 431-448页

作者： Jyothirmai J. Simhadri Christopher A. Loffredo Tanmoy Mondal zarish noreen Thomas Nnanabu Ruth Quartey Charles Howell Brent Korba Gail Nunlee-Bland Somiranjan Ghosh Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health College of Medicine Howard University Washington DC USA Department of Oncology Georgetown University Washington DC USA Department of Healthcare Biotechnology National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad Pakistan Department of Biology Howard University Washington DC USA Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Howard University Washington DC USA Department of Microbiology & Immunology Georgetown University Washington DC USA

In the United States, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) disproportionately affects the African American (AA) community, which has not been systematically included in molecular studies of underlying mechanisms. As part of a gene expression study, we recruited cases with T2DM and matched, unaffected controls at an urban hospital in Washington, DC, with a majority AA population. Here we describe the profile of socio-demographic, behavioral, and health-related associations of the study population. Self-reported data were collected from cases with T2DM (N = 77) and age- and gender-matched controls (N = 80), ages 45 - 65 years. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). As expected, obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease were more prevalent in cases than in controls. Tobacco smoking and working alongside other tobacco smokers were also associated with T2DM. After adjusting for covariates, current tobacco smoking remained statistically associated with the disease (OR per half pack of cigarettes 1.43, 95% CI 1.04 - 1.95;p-value 0.027). HbA1c levels were elevated in T2DM cases who smoked more than a pack of cigarettes daily. These associations highlight the comorbid burdens of T2DM in an AA urban community setting and identify tobacco control as an unmet need for future prevention and control efforts.

关键词： Diabetes Epidemiology Smoking African American

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