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Advances in Entomology 2018年第2期6卷 160-169页

作者： Jean Christophe Koussoubé zakaria ilboudo Antoine Waongo Antoine Sanon Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Entomology University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

In West Africa and particularly in Burkina Faso, Roselle, Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae) is receiving increasing attention as a crop with potential for making great socio-economic impacts. The biology of Spermophagus niger, recently identified as the main insect pest in the storage of roselle seeds, is poorly known. The present study aimed at comparing the reproductive potential of this insect on the seeds of two roselle varieties Altissima and Sabdariffa, mainly grown in Burkina Faso to identify susceptible/resistant variety to the pest. The results obtained are the first complete data on life history traits of S. niger in laboratory conditions. Overall, they indicated that both seed varieties have similar susceptibility to S. niger. The main life history traits measured did not differ significantly on both varieties (P >0.05). However, the first generation individuals from the Altissima seeds were significantly larger (P = 0.0007 and P <0.0001 for males and females respectively) and weighed more (P <0.0001) than those from the other roselle variety. This result suggests that individuals from the Altissima variety may have a higher seed-damaging potential than those developed in the Sabdariffa variety and this potential might increase over successive generations. The consequences of such findings are discussed with a view to improving the post-harvest storage of roselle seeds and reducing losses in West Africa.

关键词： Hibiscus sabdariffa Spermophagus niger Life History Post-Harvest Storage Varietal Susceptibility Seed Damage

Effectiveness of Hermetic Storage Using PICS Bags and Plastic Jars for Post-Harvest Preservation of <i>Acacia macrostachya</i>Seeds

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Advances in Entomology 2021年第1期9卷 20-29页

作者： Marcellin Yamkoulga Antoine Waongo zakaria ilboudo Fousséni Traoré Antoine Sanon Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliquée UFR/SVT Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

In Burkina Faso, the availability of Acacia macrostachya “Zamnè” seeds throughout the year is threatened by the attacks of pests. So, the effectiveness of airtight (hermetic) storage for the preservation of these seeds was evaluated using 20-litre plastic jars and 50 kg PICS bags as hermetic containers with 50 kg polypropylene bags as controls. Seeds of Acacia macrostachya (17.5 kg) were stored in each of these storage devices for six months under ambient conditions in the laboratory. The number of storage pest Bruchidius silaceus increased significantly in polypropylene bags from 235 to 715 individuals on average/500 g of seeds. But in PICS bags and plastic drums, the number of this pest did not vary significantly (191 and 239 individuals on average/500 g of seeds for plastic jars and PICS bags respectively). In both hermetic devices, we found few individuals of another major storage pest

关键词： Airtight Storage Acacia macrostachya Bruchidius silaceus Caryedon furcatus Seed Quality

Inventory and Biodiversity of the Entomofauna Associated with Shea Fruits (Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn), an Important Non-Timber Forest Product in the Ziro Province of Burkina Faso

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Advances in Entomology 2023年第1期11卷 18-37页

作者： Siébou François Kambou Koï Wenceslas Kam Mayouré Edith ilboudo Djietawendé Honoré Kientega Antoine Sanon zakaria ilboudo Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Laboratoire d’Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliqu&eacute e UFR/SVT Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université de Fada N’Gourma Institut Sup&eacute rieur du Dé veloppement Durable Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Ecole Normale Supé rieure (ENS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Direction Gé né rale Ecole Nationale de Police Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

A few studies have highlighted the degradation of shea tree fruits mainly due to insects in Burkina Faso. The insects associated with these non-timber forest products are still poorly known, hence the interest of this study. The objective of the study is to make a qualitative inventory of the biodiversity of insect pests of shea fruits during the ripening period in two different ecosystems. It was carried out in 2021 in three locations of the Ziro province. 30 shea fruit trees distributed in 9 sites listed in agrosystems and protected areas were selected for monitoring and collecting insects infested with the fruits. The inventory identified 25 species in 13 families clustered in 5 orders. The order of Diptera, composed of 6 families with 15 species recorded, is the most dominant order in this diversity. Among the different families, 3 of them, Calliphoridae, Tephritidae and Muscidae, present at least 3 species each. 7 species are mainly associated with fruit damage with a predominance of Ceratitis silvestrii Bezzi (Diptera: Tephritidae). 91.33% of the emergences from infested fruits and 43.41% of the individuals trapped belong to this species. C. silvestrii, which presents a homogeneity in its distribution between locations and ecosystems, is therefore the main pest species of shea fruits in production in this zone. The results suggest the need to determine the economic importance of Tephritidae infesting shea fruits.

关键词： Insects Ecosystems Biodiversity Shea Fruit Burkina Faso

Performance of Two Food Substrates in the Mass Rearing of Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae)

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Advances in Entomology 2023年第3期11卷 188-203页

作者： Karim Nébié ilboudo zakaria Pagabeleguem Soumaila Zaoua Hamoumapi Delphine Dabiré Rémy Centre National de Spécialisation en Fruits et Légumes Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Département de Biologie Animale et Physiologie Animale Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable Université de Dédougou Dédougou Burkina Faso

The fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel is a major constraint to mango production in Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of two types of food substrates in optimizing the mass rearing of B. dorsalis larvae. For this purpose, 200 eggs of B. dorsalis were divided into four batches of 50 eggs and incubated in Petri dishes containing the different food substrates (Diet 1 and Diet 2). This method was used to evaluate the rate and duration of egg hatching, as well as the development time of the different larval stages. In addition, 1200 pupae divided into four batches of 300 pupae, contained in PVC tubes, were placed inside the rearing cages to monitor the emergence of B. dorsalis. Ten pairs of B. dorsalis were placed in rearing cages and fed with Enzymatic Yeast Hydrolysate and sugar to evaluate the fecundity of female flies and the survival of both sexes. The developmental cycle length in Diet 1 and Diet 2 was 23.03 days and 23.24 days, respectively. Fecundity duration ranged from 57.75 ± 2.29 to 109.81 ± 3.81 days for females from Diet 1 and Diet 2, respectively. The pupal hatching rate varied significantly (P B. dorsalis, but the spawning index was 4 times higher with Diet 1. Most of the components of Diet 1 are available on the local market and are cheaper. Thus, we recommend the use of Diet 1 for B. dorsalis larvae mass rearing.

关键词： Fruit Fly Diachasmimorpha longicaudata Biology Food Substrates Mass Rearing

Study of Some Biodemographic Parameters of Caryedon serratus Olivier (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Insect Pest of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica Lin.) Fruit, in Burkina Faso

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第2期12卷 67-77页

作者： Kilo Francine Marina Ki Koï Wenceslas Kam Emmanuel Kabore Antoine Sanon zakaria ilboudo Laboratoire d’Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliqué e (LEFA) UFR/SVT Universit&eacute Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut Supé rieur du D&eacuteveloppement Durable Universit&eacute de Fada N’gourma Fada N’gourma Burkina Faso

The lack of food security leads us to turn to the riches of the forest, namely non-timber forest products (NTFP) and timber forest products (TFP). In Burkina, these products are a source of income for families, improving their living conditions. Tamarindus indica L. that is a NFTP, is widely used in both rural and urban areas. Unfortunately, tamarind is subject to attack by Caryedon serratus. Its biological activity begins on the fruit before the harvest. The aim of our study is to evaluate some biodemographic parameters of the insect pest C. serratus Olivier. First100 healthy T. indica pods were placed in contact with ten pairs of C. serratus for 24 hours. 25 pods, each carrying a maximum of two eggs, were divided into five batches of 5 pods. Then a pair of C. serratus aged less than 24 h was placed in contact with 4 healthy pods for 24 h. Every day, the pair was removed and transferred to another box containing 4 new healthy pods. A total of 20 replicates were performed. The results showed that C. serratus has an average lifespan of 14 days. However, the female (16 days) lived longer and laid an average of 34 eggs during her lifetime. The egg-laying period lasted 14 days, the number of eggs increased until reaching a maximum peak on the 4th day. C. serratus has an embryonic development time of 3 days and an emergence rate of 66.63%. However, the weight of males and females differed significantly (p = 0.0108). We found an intrinsic rate of natural increase of 0.12 and a population doubling time was 5.68 days. These results have enabled us to gain a better understanding of its development cycle and its capacity for regeneration. This allows us to implement control strategies for better stock protection.

关键词： Biodemographic Parameters Stock Caryedon serratus Tamarindus indica

Regional hospitalisation and seasonal variations of Pediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis pre-and post-RV vaccination:a prospective and retrospective study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第6期18卷 404-416页

作者： zakaria Barsoum Consultant Paediatrician South West Acute Hospital-Paediatric Department124 Irvinestown RdEnniskillenBT746DNNorthern Ireland

Background Rotavirus is the primary cause of gastroenteritis in children worldwide and is a leading cause of gastroenteritis in children,with a significant *** vaccine became available in Ireland in *** study aimed to investigate hospital admissions and seasonal characteristics of rotavirus gastroenteritis in a pre-and post-vaccination period in a single district general *** In the post-vaccination year,from November 18th 2016 to November 18th 2017,all children up to 3 years of age who presented to Mayo University Hospital with vomiting and diarrhea,were recruited and had their stool tested for *** analysis of hospital data of children of the same age during pre-vaccination years(2014–2016)were used for *** Compared with the pre-vaccination years(2014–2016),the median percentages of reduction of rotavirus positive stool requests and hospital admissions were high,48.5%and 73%,*** the post-vaccination year,the median percentage of reduction of emergency department presentation(stool requests)with gastroenteritis was 9%.No delay in the onset of RV season or reduction of the peak of RV infection was noted in the post-vaccination *** duration of rotavirus season in 2016/2017 was *** Compared with 3 pre-vaccination years,the total number of gastroenteritis presentations,gastroenteritis hospital admissions,and rotavirus positive gastroenteritis cases were all reduced,and the duration of the rotavirus season was shorter.

关键词： Gastroenteritis Rotavirus Vaccination

Development of slope mass rating system using K-means and fuzzy c-means clustering algorithms

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2016年第6期26卷 959-966页

作者： Jalali zakaria Mining Engineering Department Higher Educational Complex o.f ZarandShahid Bahonar University of KermanKerrnan ***Iran

Classification systems such as Slope Mass Rating(SMR) are currently being used to undertake slope stability analysis. In SMR classification system, data is allocated to certain classes based on linguistic and experience-based criteria. In order to eliminate linguistic criteria resulted from experience-based judgments and account for uncertainties in determining class boundaries developed by SMR system,the system classification results were corrected using two clustering algorithms, namely K-means and fuzzy c-means(FCM), for the ratings obtained via continuous and discrete functions. By applying clustering algorithms in SMR classification system, no in-advance experience-based judgment was made on the number of extracted classes in this system, and it was only after all steps of the clustering algorithms were accomplished that new classification scheme was proposed for SMR system under different failure modes based on the ratings obtained via continuous and discrete functions. The results of this study showed that, engineers can achieve more reliable and objective evaluations over slope stability by using SMR system based on the ratings calculated via continuous and discrete functions.

关键词： SMR based on continuous functions Slope stability analysis K-means and FCM clustering algorithms Validation of clustering algorithms Sangan iron ore mines

The influence of inlet swirl intensity and hot-streak on aerodynamics and thermal characteristics of a high pressure turbine vane

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2021年第11期34卷 66-78页

作者： zakaria MANSOURI Riyadh BELAMADI ABYLSEN Science&Technology Rhone Alpes Grenoble 38000France Ecole Superieure de Technologies Industrielles(ESTI) Annaba 23000Algeria

In modern gas turbines,the High Pressure Turbine(HPT)is exposed to an extreme thermal environment due to the burned gases leaving the *** burned gases are characterized by flow and temperature distortions that effect the aerodynamics and heat transfer of the *** purpose of this paper is to investigate numerically the effect of the intensity of the swirling flow combined with the temperature non-uniformity‘‘Hot-Streak"(H-S)on the aerothermal performances of a HPT Nozzle Guide Vane(NGV).The investigations are conducted on the solid untwisted NGV annular cascade developed in NASA Lewis Research *** swirl intensities(|S_(n)|=0,0.1,0.25 and 0.5),two swirl orientations(positive and negative)and two hot-streaks(rounded and radial)at the NGV inlet are *** simulations are done by solving the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)equations using ANSYS-CFX *** results show that the H-S with swirl undergoes twisting following the orientation of the *** H-S twist is aggressive under positive swirl compared to the negative swirl *** inlet swirl generates a new secondary flow structure,so called Swirl Vortex(SV),which induces more aerodynamic *** aerodynamic efficiency under negative swirl found to be higher than that under positive *** maximum temperature on the vane surface is controlled by the radial transport of the SV towards the endwalls.

关键词： Aerodynamics Heat transfer Hot-Streak HP turbine NGV Swirl intensity

Pediatric food allergy clinic:a way to improve the quality of service

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第2期17卷 109-110页

作者： zakaria Barsoum South West Acute Hospital-Paediatric Department 124 Irvinestown RdEnniskillen BT746DNNorthern Ireland

Paediatric food allergy is a common problem with a preva-lence of 5%across the UK[1].There are increasing demands of developing allergy services across the health care system in the *** new allergy services among district hospitals,run by paediatricians with a special interest in allergy is *** clinics are multi-discipli-nary in their design with emphasis on the role of dieticians and asthma nurses in the management of *** should always think about tools to improve the quality of allergy *** propose an allergy pro forma to be used in food allergy clinics to improve the quality of the service(Supplementary material 1).

关键词： allergy nurse clinic

Viscous falling film instability around a vertical moving cylinder

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2012年第2期28卷 253-265页

作者： Kadry zakaria Yasser Gamiel Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt

The present work discusses both the linear and nonlinear stability conditions of a viscous falling film down the outer surface of a solid vertical cylinder which moves in the direction of its axis with a constant velocity. After studying the linear conditions, a generalized nonlinear kine- matic model is then derived to present the physical system. Applying the boundary conditions, analytical solutions are obtained using the long-wave perturbation method. In the first step, the normal mode method is used to characterize the linear behaviors. In the second step, the nonlinear film flow model is solved by using the method of multiple scales, to obtain Ginzburg-Landau equation. The influence of some physical parameters is discussed in both linear and nonlinear steps of the problem, and the results are displayed in many plots showing the stability criteria in various param- eter planes.

关键词： Newtonian fluids Viscous fluids Falling filmstability Ginzburg-Landau equation