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Pediatric and adult liver transplantation in Bahrain: The experiences in a country with no available liver transplant facilities

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 96-111页

作者： Hasan M Isa Fatema A Alkharsi Jawad K Khamis Sawsan A Hasan zainab A Naser zainab N Mohamed Afaf M Mohamed Shaikha A Altamimi Department of Pediatrics Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain Department of Pediatrics Arabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671Bahrain Department of Medicine Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain Public Health Directorate Ministry of HealthManama 26671Bahrain The Overseas Office Supreme Committee for Treatment AbroadMinistry of HealthManama 26671Bahrain

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage liver disease and has become the standard and most effective treatment method for these *** are many indications for LT that vary between countries and *** outcome of LT depends on the available facilities and surgical expertise,as well as the types of liver graft donors *** To assess the clinical characteristics of patients from Bahrain who underwent LT overseas,and analyze factors affecting their *** In this retrospective cohort study,we reviewed the medical records and overseas committee registry information of all pediatric and adult patients who were sent overseas to undergo LT by the Pediatric and Medical Departments of Salmaniya Medical Complex and Bahrain Defence Force Hospital via the Overseas Treatment Office,Ministry of Health,Kingdom of Bahrain,between 1997 and *** data,LT indication,donor-recipient relationship,overseas LT center,graft type,post-LT medications,and LT complications,were *** measured included the overall and 5-year LT survival ***’s exact,Pearsonχ2,and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the pediatric and the adults’group in terms of clinical characteristics,donor-recipient relationship,medication,complications,and *** analysis was estimated via the Kaplan-Meier’s *** and multivariate analyses were used to detect predictors of *** Of the 208 eligible patients,170(81.7%)were sent overseas to undergo LT while 38(18.3%)remained on the waiting *** the 170 patients,167(80.3%)underwent LT and were included in the *** majority of the patients were Bahraini(91.0%),and most were males(57.5%).One-hundred-and-twenty(71.8%)were adults and 47(28.3%)were *** median age at transplant was 50.0[interquartile range(IQR):14.9–58.4]*** main indication for pediatric LT was biliary atresia(31.9%),while that of adult LT was

关键词： Overseas liver transplantation End-stage liver disease Liver transplant facilities Liver donor Biliary atresia Hepatitis C

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activation:anti-inflammatory effects in the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1671-1677页

作者： Yolanda Diz-Chaves zainab Maastor Carlos Spuch José Antonio Lamas Lucas C.González-Matías Federico Mallo Biomedical Research Centre(CINBIO) Laboratory of EndocrinologyUniversity of VigoGalicia Sur Health Research InstituteVigoSpain Translational Neuroscience Research Group Galicia Sur Health Research InstituteCIBERSAMHospitalÁlvaro CunqueiroSala InvestigaciónEstrada Clara CampoamorVigoSpain Biomedical Research Centre(CINBIO) Laboratory of NeuroscienceUniversity of VigoGalicia Sur Health Research InstituteVigoSpain

The glucagon-like peptide 1 is a pleiotropic hormone that has potent insulinotropic effects and is key in treating metabolic diseases such as diabetes and ***-like peptide 1 exerts its effects by activating a membrane receptor identified in many tissues,including diffe rent brain ***-like peptide 1 activates several signaling pathways related to neuroprotection,like the support of cell growth/survival,enhancement promotion of synapse formation,autophagy,and inhibition of the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines,microglial activation,and apoptosis during neural *** glial cells,including astrocytes and microglia,maintain metabolic homeostasis and defe nse against pathogens in the central nervous *** brain insult,microglia are the first cells to respond,followed by reactive *** activated cells produce proinflammato ry mediators like cytokines or chemokines to react to the ***,under these circumstances,mic roglia can become chro nically inflammatory by losing their homeostatic molecular signature and,consequently,their functions during many *** processes promote the development of neurological disorders and influence their pathological evolution:like the formation of protein aggregates,the accumulation of abnormally modified cellular constituents,the formation and release by injured neurons or synapses of molecules that can dampen neural function,and,of critical impo rtance,the dysregulation of inflammato ry control *** glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor agonist emerges as a critical tool in treating brain-related inflammatory pathologies,restoring brain cell homeostasis under inflammatory conditions,modulating mic roglia activity,and decreasing the inflammato ry *** review summarizes recent advances linked to the anti-inflammato ry prope rties of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activation in the brain related to multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkins

关键词： astrocytes brain glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor inflammation microglia

Exploring the impact of tacrolimus on kidney transplant recipients: insights into immunological outcomes

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第8期 737-750页

作者： zainab A Abbood Ahmed Hamza AL-Shammari Eman M.Jasim Amjad I.Oraibi Department of Pharmacy Kut University College AL-Manara College For Medical Science/Department of Pharmacy

To minimize graft rejection, it is crucial to reduce immunosuppression. In the present study, we investigated immunological markers in the blood of transplant patients who did not receive tacrolimus. We also assessed alloreactive CD4+CD25+Fox P3+ Tregs both before transplantation and after tacrolimus reduction. The comparative analysis included 50 individuals experiencing early rejection after tacrolimus discontinuation and 100 non-rejectors. Before reducing tacrolimus, rejectors exhibited elevated levels of memory CD8+ T cells compared to Tregs, while non-rejectors displayed a lower ratio of memory CD4+ T cells to Tregs. Following tacrolimus removal, rejectors showed an increase in na?ve T cells and a decrease in effector T cells. After transplantation, CD4+ Treg levels declined, but their anti-donor regulatory function remained consistent in both rejectors and non-rejectors. Immunological correlation revealed an association between acute rejection after tacrolimus discontinuation and the pre-reduction ratio of memory T cells to regulatory T cells. These indicators identified individuals whose immunosuppression could be safely reduced.

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Postpartum Quality of Life in Primiparous Women after Normal Vaginal Delivery versus Caesarean Section

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第7期14卷 1027-1045页

作者： Bayan Ahmed Basma Alsayegh Fatema Ahmed zainab Aljufari Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Salmaniya Medical Complex Manama Kingdom of Bahrain

Background: Studies on either postnatal quality of life in general or studies that compare quality of life in new mothers after different mode of delivery are limited. An investigation on health related quality of life measures in women after different type of delivery showed that women who had vaginal delivery had better health related quality of life compared to those who had caesarean section. However, the best method of delivery, vaginal or caesarean for postpartum quality of life is a difficult question as it is a matter of controversy both from professional’s perspectives and from women’s experience during childbirth. Objective: To compare postpartum quality of life in primiparous women after vaginal delivery versus caesarean section. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Salmaniya medical complex in Kingdom of Bahrain. 500 primiparous women who gave birth either vaginally or by cesarean section answered a questionnaire designed to include general information, questions from short form health survey questionnaire (SF-36) and specific questions regarding postnatal related symptoms. Results: Body pain, fatigue, wound pain, headache and backache were significantly higher in cesarean section group as compared to vaginal delivery group (p-value Conclusion: Cesarean delivery has negatively affected the quality of life (QOL) of primiparous women. More studies with larger sample sizes should be conducted to examine the effects of cesarean delivery on QOL in both primiparous and multiparas within a shorter period after delivery. .

关键词： Quality of Life Primiparous Vaginal Delivery Caesarean Section

Subconjunctival hemorrhage after wet cupping therapy: a case report

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Clinical Research Communications 2024年第2期7卷 27-29页

作者： zainab AlMusleh Ahmad Alrawashdeh Tamer Aboushanab Department of Academic Tabibi Poly ClinicDoha 212100Qatar Hearing&Balance Disorders Hamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar Department of Therapeutic Ministry of Health and PopulationCairo 11467Egypt.

Introduction:Cupping therapy is an integrative and complementary medicine therapy that practiced worldwide by several civilizations for thousands of *** therapy is reported to be a relatively safe practice especially if performed by qualified *** hemorrhage(SCH)is a common cause of eye redness and can be classified into traumatic and *** presentation:This case report discussed an adverse event related to wet cupping *** patient developed SCH one day after performing cupping *** was completely recovered after 2 *** case report should increase the knowledge of cupping therapists regarding increasing safety of patient when performing wet cupping therapy on specific body parts especially,head,neck and cervical ***,it highlighted the importance of conducting research regarding the mechanical and physiological effects of cupping ***:Adverse events related to cupping therapy should be reported with every *** therapists should be aware of this possible mild adverse *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first published adult case of SCH related to wet cupping therapy *** studies are critically needed for evaluation of cupping therapy effects and adverse events especially when performed on head and neck.

关键词： cupping therapy wet cupping Hijama subconjunctival hemorrhage adverse event

中巴经济走廊洪扎段潜在滑坡SBAS-InSAR早期识别及发育特征分析

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遥感学报 2024年第4期28卷 885-899页

作者：苏晓军张毅孟兴民 Rehman Mohib Ur Khalid zainab 赵富萌岳东霞郭富赟周自强兰州大学资源环境学院兰州730000 兰州大学地质科学与矿产资源学院兰州730000 甘肃省环境地质与灾害防治技术创新中心兰州730000 兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室兰州730000 甘肃省地质环境监测院兰州730050 甘肃省科学院地质自然灾害防治研究所兰州730000

中巴经济走廊巴基斯坦境内洪扎河谷(Hunza Valley)段地形高差巨大、地质环境复杂,滑坡灾害多发,对河谷内村镇威胁极大,也严重制约中巴经济走廊安全建设与运行。为了加深对Hunza河谷滑坡灾害的认识,亟待进行滑坡识别编目和发育特征研究... 详细信息

中巴经济走廊巴基斯坦境内洪扎河谷(Hunza Valley)段地形高差巨大、地质环境复杂,滑坡灾害多发,对河谷内村镇威胁极大,也严重制约中巴经济走廊安全建设与运行。为了加深对Hunza河谷滑坡灾害的认识,亟待进行滑坡识别编目和发育特征研究。本研究基于升、降轨获取的87景哨兵一号(Sentinel-1)数据,利用SBAS-InSAR技术获取了洪扎河谷地表形变,计算了地表斜坡向形变速率。并综合利用光学遥感影像解译和野外实地调查验证,成功识别了洪扎河谷53处潜在滑坡,并讨论了滑坡识别效果,对Ghulmet和Humarri两个典型大型滑坡监测形变、影像解译和验证特征进行了分析。在此基础上,选取11个地形地质环境因素作为影响滑坡发育的因子,分析了滑坡分布发育特征。结果表明,升轨和降轨数据监测到研究区内斜坡向最大形变速率分别为−311 mm/a和−490 mm/a,洪扎河谷区不稳定形变阈值为−20 mm/a。大型滑坡受河流侵蚀作用,形变剧烈,次级滑坡发育。识别的潜在滑坡主要集中在河流两岸、公路上下边坡;潜在滑坡主要分布在风化堆积层以及千枚岩、板岩等变质岩区;高差200—1000 m、坡度30°—40°和坡向南、南西向为滑坡发育的优势地形条件;斜坡地表裸露、植被稀疏地段(NDVI<0.2)物源充足,滑坡较为发育。研究结果可用于巴基斯坦洪扎河谷防灾减灾工作,保障中巴经济走廊畅通运营,为具有毁路与堵江风险的滑坡重点监测和评价研究提供科学参考和数据支持。

关键词：中巴经济走廊洪扎河谷滑坡 SBAS-InSAR 地表形变早期识别发育特征

Factors Promoting Retention of Nurses in Three Private Hospitals of Lahore: A Cross Sectional Descriptive Survey

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Open Journal of Nursing 2024年第7期14卷 344-367页

作者： zainab Suleman Najma Balquees Anwar Sadaf Younis Alya Bilquees Anwar Naeema Khan Syed Saemul Hassan College of Nursing University of Health Sciences Lahore Lahore Pakistan

Introduction: Pakistan has a large number of professional nurses but a higher rate of turnover contributes towards the shortage of nurses which is intensified by nurses’ immigration, lack of recruitment of new nurses and retirement of senior nurses. Aim: The study aimed at examining the factors that increase retention of nurses. Research Method: The study is descriptive cross sectional with a sample of 150 nurses including both the genders, from 3 private hospitals located in Pakistan. A convenient sampling technique was used. The data collection was done through close ended questionnaires based on 20 questions. Data collection was done quantitatively and then data was entered in SPSS. Correlation and regression tests were performed. Findings: The analysis revealed that 91.3% nurses are loyal to their hospitals but, 8.7%nurses can switch the hospital for different reasons. It was also found that the idea of leaving the job based on the intention of moving to abroad and public sector was higher than the retirement and other causes. Resultantly, enhancements in nurses’ work environments have the ability to decrease nurses’ job burnout and turnover and increase patients’ satisfaction. Recommendations: Hospital leaders should implement effective strategies to encourage nurses to continue their job by motivation, strengthening management skills within the hospital and improving a positive work environment by promoting teamwork, continuous learning, trust, respect and flexible arrangements which can lead towards achieving better ***, further studies quantitatively and qualitatively can explore more factors related to dissatisfaction of nurses. Health systems policy makers should lead by developing related strategies for the retention of nurses.

关键词： Retention of Nurses Shortage of Nurses Turnover Workforce

Novel Framework of Segmentation 3D MRI of Brain Tumors

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3489-3502页

作者： Ibrahim mahmoud El-Henawy Mostafa Elbaz zainab H.Ali Noha Sakr Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and InformaticsZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and InformaticsKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikhEgypt Department of Embedded Network Sys.and Tec. Faculty of Artificial IntelligenceKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikhEgypt Computers Engineering and Control Systems Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt

Medical image segmentation is a crucial process for computer-aided diagnosis and *** image segmentation refers to portioning the images into small,disjointed parts for simplifying the processes of analysis and *** and speckle noise are different types of noise in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)that affect the accuracy of the segmentation process ***,image enhancement has a significant role in MRI *** paper proposes a novel framework that uses 3D MRI images from Kaggle and applies different diverse models to remove Rician and speckle noise using the best possible noise-free *** proposed techniques consider the values of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR)and the level of noise as inputs to the attention-U-Net model for segmentation of the *** framework has been divided into three stages:removing speckle and Rician noise,the segmentation stage,and the feature extraction *** framework presents solutions for each problem at a different stage of the *** the first stage,the framework uses Vibrational Mode Decomposition(VMD)along with Block-matching and 3D filtering(Bm3D)algorithms to remove the ***,the most significant Rician noise-free images are passed to the three different methods:Deep Residual Network(DeRNet),Dilated Convolution Auto-encoder Denoising Network(Di-Conv-AE-Net),andDenoising Generative Adversarial Network(DGAN-Net)for removing the speckle *** Bm3D have achieved PSNR values for levels of noise(0,0.25,0.5,0.75)for reducing the Rician noise by(35.243,32.135,28.214,24.124)and(36.11,31.212,26.215,24.123)*** framework also achieved PSNR values for removing the speckle noise process for each level as follows:(34.146,30.313,28.125,24.001),(33.112,29.103,27.110,24.194),and(32.113,28.017,26.193,23.121)forDeRNet,Di-Conv-AE-Net,and DGAN-Net,*** experiments that have been conducted have proved the efficiency of the proposed framework a

关键词： MRI Rician noise speckle noise segmentation deep learning

Focus on current and emerging treatment options for glioma:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第4期15卷 482-495页

作者： Brandon Lucke-Wold Burhanuddin Sohail Rangwala Muhammad Ashir Shafique Mohammad Arham Siddiq Muhammad Saqlain Mustafa Fnu Danish Rana Muhammad Umer Nasrullah Noor zainab Abdul Haseeb Department of Neurosurgery University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608United States Department of Neurosurgery Jinnah Sindh Medical UniversityKarachi 75510Pakistan Department of Neurosurgery Army Medical CollegeRawalpindi 46000Pakistan

This comprehensive review delves into the current updates and challenges associated with the management of low-grade gliomas(LGG),the predominant primary tumors in the central nervous *** a general incidence rate of 5.81 per 100000,gliomas pose a significant global concern,necessitating advancements in treatment techniques to reduce mortality and *** review places a particular focus on immunotherapies,discussing promising agents such as Zotiraciclib and ***,a CDK9 inhibitor,has demonstrated efficacy in glioblastoma treatment in preclinical and clinical studies,showing its potential as a therapeutic ***,a viral immunotherapy,induces inflammation in glioblastoma and displays positive outcomes in both adult and pediatric *** of immunotherapy extends to Pembrolizumab,Nivolumab,and Entrectinib,revealing the challenges and variabilities in patient *** promising preclinical data,the monoclonal antibody Depatuxizumab has proven ineffective in glioblastoma treatment,emphasizing the critical need to understand resistance *** review also covers the success of radiation therapy in pediatric LGG,with evolving techniques,such as proton therapy,showing potential improvements in patient quality of *** treatment is discussed in the context of achieving a balance between preserving the patient’s quality of life and attaining gross total resection,with the extent of surgical resection significantly influencing the survival *** addition to advancements in cancer vaccine development,this review highlights the evolving landscape of LGG treatment,emphasizing a shift toward personalized and targeted *** research is essential for refining strategies and enhancing outcomes in the management of LGG.

关键词： Low-grade gliomas Monoclonal antibody Lerapolturev Glioblastoma CDK9 inhibitor