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Microbiome Diversity Analysis of the Bacterial Community in Idah River, Kogi State, Nigeria

Advances in Microbiology 2022年第5期12卷 343-362页

作者： Deborah Ebunoluwa Adedire Adijat Ozohu Jimoh zainab kashim-bello Bilyaminu Adam Wase Shuaibu Oluwabukola Atinuke Popoola Kabiru Isa Pate Onyinye Stainless Uzor Eno Etingwa Jumoke Florence Joda Oyetola Olanrewaju Opaleye Victoria Adejoke Ogunlowo Kehinde Rukayyat Adeniran Oyekanmi Nashiru Genetics Genomics and Bioinformatics Department National Biotechnology Development Agency Abuja Nigeria Aquatic Bioresources Training Center National Biotechnology Development Agency Idah Kogi Nigeria Aquatic Bioresources Training Center National Biotechnology Development Agency Tunari Taraba Nigeria Center for Genomics Research and Innovation National Biotechnology Development Agency Abuja Nigeria

The analysis of bacterial diversity in aquatic systems particularly in rivers, lakes, and streams can provide useful data on the effect of anthropogenic activities on such water bodies to humans and fishes. Idah River, the focal point of this study, is an offshoot of the two major Nigerian rivers characterized by observed human activities and pollution sources. Water samples were collected from four designated sites and assessed for their bacterial assemblages and structure, using PacBio Single-Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing technology. The full length of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced, and Amplicon Sequence Variants were generated using the DADA2 workflow optimised for PacBio long-read amplicons in Rstudio. A total of 8751 high-quality reads obtained were taxonomically classified as 24 phyla, 42 classes, 84 orders, 125 families, 156 genera, and 106 species. Taxonomical composition revealed Proteobacteria as the most abundant phyla across all sample sites. At the genera level, Azospira (57.03%) was the most dominant ASV in Docking Point A, while Acinetobacter (66.67%) was the most abundant ASV in Docking Point B. In Idah Axis Confluence, hgcl clade (65.66%) was the most prevalent ASV, whereas Holophaga (42.86%) was the most common ASV in Idah Axis Midstream. Genera analysis also revealed that 12.9% of the total ASVs were discovered across all sample sites. Among these were pathogenic bacteria, reducers, and degraders of domestic and animal wastes. Observed results provide evidence that sampled sites of Idah River are contaminated, most likely through constant human activities and thus, could have an impact on resident fishes as well. This study, therefore, agrees with a previous report from the river, which used standard microbial procedures. However, next-generation sequencing techniques employed revealed more bacterial community than the former, including unresolved taxonomic sequences that may be novel.

关键词： Idah River Dada2 PacBio Sequencing Bacterial Diversity Amplicon Sequence Variants

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Indirect plant defense against insect herbivores： a review

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 2-23页

作者： zainab Aljbory Ming-Shun Chen Department of Entomology Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit USDA-ARS Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA

Plants respond to herbivore attack by launching 2 types of defenses： direct defense and indirect defense. Direct defense includes all plant traits that increase the resistance of host plants to insect herbivores by affecting the physiology and/or be- havior of the attackers. Indirect defense includes all traits that by themselves do not have significant direct impact on the attacking herbivores, but can attract natural en- emies of the herbivores and thus reduce plant loss. When plants recognize herbivore- associated elicitors, they produce and release a blend of volatiles that can attract preda- tors, parasites, and other natural enemies. Known herbivore-associated elicitors include fatty acid-amino acid conjugates, sulfur-containing fatty acids, fragments of cell walls, peptides, esters, and enzymes. Identified plant volatiles include terpenes, nitrogenous compounds, and indoles. In addition, constitive traits including extrafloral nectars, food bodies, and domatia can be further induced to higher levels and attract natural enemies as well as provide food and shelter to carnivores. A better understanding of indirect plant defense at global and componential levels via advanced high throughput technolo- gies may lead to utilization of indirect defense in suppression of herbivore damage to plants.

关键词： elicitor indirect plant defense natural enemies volatile

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Custom emoji based emotion recognition system for dynamic business webpages

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2022年第4期15卷 497-509页

作者： Fatima Isiaka zainab Adamu Computer Science Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK Ahmadu bello University ZariaNigeria

Purpose-One of the contributions of artificial intelligent(AI)in modern technology is emotion recognition which is mostly based on facial expression and modification of its inference *** facial recognition scheme is mostly built to understand user expression in an online business webpage on a marketing site but has limited abilities to recognise elusive *** basic emotions are expressed when interrelating and socialising with other personnel *** most times,studying how to understand user expression is often a most tedious task,especially the subtle *** emotion recognition system can be used to optimise and reduce complexity in understanding users’subconscious thoughts and reasoning through their pupil ***/methodology/approach-This paper demonstrates the use of personal computer(PC)webcam to read in eye movement data that includes pupil changes as part of distinct user attributes.A custom eye movement algorithm(CEMA)is used to capture users’activity and record the data which is served as an input model to an inference engine(artificial neural network(ANN))that helps to predict user emotional response conveyed as emoticons on the ***-The result from the error in performance shows that ANN is most adaptable to user behaviour prediction and can be used for the system’s modification *** limitations/implications-One of the drawbacks of the analytical tool is its inability in some cases to set some of the emoticons within the boundaries of the visual field,this is a limitation to be tackled within subsequent runs with standard ***/value-The originality of the proposed model is its ability to predict basic user emotional response based on changes in pupil size between average recorded baseline boundaries and convey the emoticons chronologically with the gaze points.

关键词： AI Static business webpages Artificial neural network Emotion recognition system Pupil changes User expression Eye movement behaviour

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Zn-Cu-codoped SnO_2 nanoparticles: Structural, optical, and ferromagnetic behaviors

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第12期26卷 397-401页

作者： Syed Zulfiqar zainab Iqbal 吕建国 State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Department of Physics Abdul Wali Khan University Institute of Chemical Sciences University of Peshawar

Zn-Cu-codoped SnO2 nanoparticles have been synthesized by chemical precipitation method. All nanoparticles are crystalline, with the average size increases from 2.55 nm to 4.13 nm as the calcination temperature increases from 400℃ to 600℃. The high calcination temperature can enhance the crystalline quality and grain growth. The oxygen content decreases with decreasing calcination temperature; at a low temperature of 400℃, Zn-Cu-codoped SnO2 nanoparticles are in a rather oxygen-poor state having many oxygen vacancies. The optical band gap energies of Zn-Cu-codoped SnO2 nanoparticles calcined at 400℃ and 600℃ are decreased from 3.93 eV to 3.62 eV due to quantum confinement effects. Both samples exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetism, with a larger saturation magnetization at 400℃ due to the presence of large density of defects such as oxygen vacancies. Zn-Cu-codoped SnO2 nanoparticles exhibit large optical band gap energies and room temperature ferromagnetism, which make them potential candidates for applications in optoelectronics and spintronics.

关键词： SnO2 nanoparticles Zn-Cu codoping optical band gap energy ferromagnetism

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Lacunary Generating Functions of Hybrid Type Polynomials in Viewpoint of Symbolic Approach

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第2期130卷 903-921页

作者： Nusrat Raza Umme zainab Serkan Araci Mathematics Section Women’s CollegeAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India Department of Mathematics AligarhMuslim UniversityAligarh202002India Department of Economics Faculty of EconomicsAdministrative of Social SciencesHasan Kalyoncu UniversityGaziantepTR-27410Turkey

In this paper,we introduce mon-symbolic method to obtain the generating functions of the hybrid class of Hermite-associated Laguerre and its associated *** obtain the series definitions of these hybrid special ***,we derive the double lacunary generating functions of the Hermite-Laguerre polynomials and the Hermite-Laguerre-Wright ***,we find multiplicative and derivative operators for the Hermite-Laguerre-Wright polynomials which helps to find the symbolic differential equation of the Hermite-Laguerre-Wright *** concluding remarks are also given.

关键词： Hermite-laguerre polynomials laguerre-wright polynomials hermite-laguerre-wright polynomials hermite-mittag-leffler functions

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Determinants of adoption of multiple sustainable agricultural practices among smallholder farmers in Nigeria

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第2期9卷 241-248页

作者： zainab Oyetunde-Usman Kehinde Oluseyi Olagunju Oyinlola Rafiat Ogunpaimo Natural Resources Institute University of GreenwichChatham Maritime ME44TBUK Economics Research Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute18a Newforge Lane BT95PXUK Rural Economy&Development Programme TeagascMellows CampusAthenryCo.GalwayH65 R718Ireland

Despite the important roles of Sustainable Agricultural Practices(SAPs)in improving productivity,welfare,and food security of farming households,the adoption rates of SAPs have been perceived to be generally low,especially in developing *** cross-sectional data collected from the 2015 Nigeria General Household Survey,this study examines the factors influencing the adoption of multiple SAPs,while also considering the drivers of the intensity of adoption of these *** methods of data analysis are based on the Multivariate probit and the Ordered probit *** SAPs considered include improved seeds,inorganic fertilizer,mixed-cropping techniques,and organic *** empirical results show that farmers’adoption of different SAPs and their intensity of use depend significantly on factors such as the age of household head,gender,education,household size,access to extension services,and household wealth *** findings imply that policymakers and agricultural development agencies should seek to maintain or increase household asset bases,and encourage both formal and informal training programme among farming households to facilitate the adoption of SAPs.

关键词： Sustainable land management Adoption intensity Multivariate probit Ordered probit Developing countries

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Improving Association Rules Accuracy in Noisy Domains Using Instance Reduction Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3719-3749页

作者： Mousa Al-Akhras zainab Darwish Samer Atawneh Mohamed Habib College of Computing and Informatics Saudi Electronic UniversityRiyadh11673Saudi Arabia King Abdullah II School for Information Technology The University of JordanAmman11942Jordan Faculty of Engineering Port Said UniversityPort Said42523Egypt

Association rules’learning is a machine learning method used in finding underlying associations in large *** intentionally or unintentionally present,noise in training instances causes overfitting while building the classifier and negatively impacts classification *** paper uses instance reduction techniques for the datasets before mining the association rules and building the *** reduction techniques were originally developed to reduce memory requirements in instance-based *** paper utilizes them to remove noise from the dataset before training the association rules *** experiments were conducted to assess the accuracy of association rules with different instance reduction techniques,namely:DecrementalReduction Optimization Procedure(DROP)3,DROP5,ALL K-Nearest Neighbors(ALLKNN),Edited Nearest Neighbor(ENN),and Repeated Edited Nearest Neighbor(RENN)in different noise *** show that instance reduction techniques substantially improved the average classification accuracy on three different noise levels:0%,5%,and 10%.The RENN algorithm achieved the highest levels of accuracy with a significant improvement on seven out of eight used datasets from the University of California Irvine(UCI)machine learning *** improvements were more apparent in the 5%and the 10%noise *** RENN was applied,the average classification accuracy for the eight datasets in the zero-noise test enhanced from 70.47%to 76.65%compared to the original *** average accuracy was improved from 66.08%to 77.47%for the 5%-noise case and from 59.89%to 77.59%in the 10%-noise *** confidence was also reported in building the association rules when RENN was *** above results indicate that RENN is a good solution in removing noise and avoiding overfitting during the construction of the association rules classifier,especially in noisy domains.

关键词： Association rules classification instance reduction techniques classification overfitting noise data cleansing

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Bioremediation and detoxification of real refinery oily sludge using mixed bacterial cells

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Petroleum Research 2021年第3期6卷 303-308页

作者： Rusul M.Khazaal zainab Z.Ismail Minitry of 0il/Petroleum Research and Development Center Baghdadlraq Department of Environmental Engineering University of BaghdadBaghdadIraq

Anaerobic biotreatment of real field petroleum refinery oily sludge(PROS)was investigated under using four different organic loads(OLs)in the order ofOL4>OL3>OL2>OL1,in bench-scale *** bioremediation of raw PROS was carried out using mixed culture biocatalyst without chemicals addition or any type of *** results revealed a potential performance of the used biocatalyst dominated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa(class:Gammaproteo)and Staphylococcus spp.(class:Bacilli)achieving significant removal of chemical oxygen demand(COD)and total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPH).The highest organic removal rate was recorded in OL4 followed by OL3,0L2,OL1,respectively indicating a positive relationship between the percentage removal of organics and their *** removal efficiencies of 96.7%and 90%were observed for COD and TPH,respectively in OL4 within 14 days *** of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)demonstrated that acenaph-thylene and phenanthrene exhibited the maximum removal efficiency(almost complete)among the 8-priority PAHs tested in this ***,the overall degradation of PAHs in the oily sludge was 83.3%.

关键词： Petroleum oily sludge Anaerobic biodegradation Organic loading Total petroleum hydrocarbons Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

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Automatic Detection of COVID-19 Using Chest X-Ray Images and Modified ResNet18-Based Convolution Neural Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1301-1313页

作者： Ruaa A.Al-Falluji zainab Dalaf Katheeth Bashar Alathari University of Babylon Babylon51002Iraq Kufa University Kufa54003Iraq

The latest studies with radiological imaging techniques indicate that X-ray images provide valuable details on the Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).The usage of sophisticated artificial intelligence technology(AI)and the radiological images can help in diagnosing the disease reliably and addressing the problem of the shortage of trained doctors in remote *** this research,the automated diagnosis of Coronavirus disease was performed using a dataset of X-ray images of patients with severe bacterial pneumonia,reported COVID-19 disease,and normal *** goal of the study is to analyze the achievements for medical image recognition of state-of-the-art neural networking *** Learning technique has been implemented in this *** learning is an ambitious task,but it results in impressive outcomes for identifying distinct patterns in tiny datasets of medical *** findings indicate that deep learning with X-ray imagery could retrieve important biomarkers relevant for COVID-19 disease *** all diagnostic measures show failure levels that pose questions,the scientific profession should determine the probability of integration of X-rays with the clinical treatment,utilizing the *** proposed model achieved 96.73%accuracy outperforming the ResNet50 and traditional Resnet18 *** on our findings,the proposed system can help the specialist doctors in making verdicts for COVID-19 detection.

关键词： COVID-19 artificial intelligence convolutional neural network chest x-ray images Resnet18 model

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Perception beyond sight:Investigating the cognitive maps of congenitally blind individuals in urban environments

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第4期13卷 809-821页

作者： Anwar Ibrahim Hikmat HAli zainab Mahmoud College of Architecture and Design Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan College of Engineering and Architecture Al Yamamah UniversityRiyadhKSA

This study explores the challenges faced by congenitally blind individuals in navigating urban ***,this research investigates the factors that contribute to the construction of city mental mapping for individuals who are born ***-one congenitally blind individuals from the University of Jordan were asked to define and describe specific elements of the city based on their personal experiences and ***,participants were guided through two urban paths:familiar and *** participants were asked to complete a survey regarding their experiences during the *** collected data was analyzed by using thematic *** results revealed that congenitally blind individuals construct their mental image of the city by using their three senses of touching,hearing,and smelling,as well as their safety and *** mental image consists of five key elements:links,reference points,areas,separators,and *** the small size of the study sample and the specificity of the context,the results of this study will tremendously help planners in designing highly inclusive urban *** characteristics that can be recognized by the blinds will enhance their accessibility of urban spaces,encourage independent mobility,increase the quality of life and social inclusion for them.

关键词： Mental map City image Congenital blind Cognitive mapping Environmental perception

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