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Seismic resilience of retrofitted RC buildings

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2020年第3期19卷 561-571页

作者： Ghazanfar ali anwar You Dong Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Existing buildings can be at a greater seismic risk due to non-conformance to current design codes and may require structural retrofitting to improve building *** performance of buildings is measured in terms of immediate consequences due to direct damage,but the continuing impacts related to recovery are not considered in seismic retrofit *** paper introduces a framework of retrofit selection based on the seismic resilience of deficient buildings retrofitted with the conventional mitigation *** assembly-based methodology is considered for the seismic resilience assessment by compiling a nonlinear numerical model and a building performance *** collapse fragility is developed from the capacity curve,and the resulting social,economic,and environmental consequences are *** seismic resilience of a building is assessed by developing a downtime assessment methodology incorporating sequence of repairs,impeding factors,and utility *** functionality states are developed for the building functionality given investigated time interval,and a functionality curve for each retrofit is *** is concluded that seismic resilience can be used as a performance indicator to assess the continuing impacts of a hazard for the retrofit selection.

关键词： fitted consequences buildings

Detection of Toxic Content on Social Networking Platforms Using Fine Tuned ULMFiT Model

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第1期35卷 15-30页

作者： Hafsa Naveed Abid Sohail Jasni Mohamad zain Noman Saleem Rao Faizan ali Shahid anwar Department of Software Engineering Faculty of ScienceUniversity of LahorePakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusPakistan Institute for Big Data Analyics and Artifcial Intelligence(IBDAAI) Kompleks Al-KhawarizmiUniversii Tekoogi MARA40450Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia TechnoGenics SMC PVT LTD LahorePakistan Department of Computer and Infomation Science Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Ser IskandarTronohPerakMalaysia Depatment of Information Engineering Technology National Skils University IslamabadSector H-8/1Faiz AhmedFaiz RoadIslamabadPakistan

Question and answer websites such as Quora,Stack Overflow,Yahoo Answers and Answer Bag are used by *** users post questions on these websites to get the answers from domain specific *** websites are multilingual meaning they are available in many different *** problem for these types of websites is to handle meaningless and irrelevant *** this paper we have worked on the Quora insincere questions(questions which are based on false assumptions or questions which are trying to make a statement rather than seeking for helpful answers)dataset in order to identify user insincere questions,so that Quora can eliminate those questions from their platform and ultimately improve the communication among users over the ***,a research was carried out with recurrent neural network and pretrained glove word embeddings,that achieved the F1 score of *** proposed study has used a pre-trained ULMFiT *** model has outperformed the previous model with an F1 score of 0.91,which is much higher than the previous studies.

关键词： Machine learning text mining quora mining artificial intelligence natural language processing

TRUSED:A Trust-Based Security Evaluation Scheme for A Distributed Control System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 4381-4398页

作者： Saqib ali Raja Waseem anwar Sultan Qaboos University Muscat123Sultanate of OMAN Arab Open University Muscat130Sultanate of OMAN

Distributed control systems(DCS)have revolutionized the communication process and attracted more interest due to their pervasive computing nature(cyber/physical),their monitoring capabilities and the benefits they ***,due to distributed communication,flexible network topologies and lack of central control,the traditional security strategies are inadequate formeeting the unique characteristics ***,malicious and untrustworthy nodes pose a significant threat during the formation of a DCS ***-based secure systems not only monitor and track the behavior of the nodes but also enhance the security by identifying and isolating the malicious node,which reduces the risk and increases network *** this research,we offer TRUSED,a trust-based security evaluation scheme that both,directly and indirectly,estimates each node’s level of trustworthiness,incorporating the cumulative trust *** addition,simulation results show that the proposed technique can effectively identify malicious nodes,determine their node’s trustworthiness rating,and improve the packet delivery ratio.

关键词： Malicious network lifetime risk management security trust untrustworthy

Massive MIMO system lower bound spectral efficiency analysis with precoding and perfect CSI

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Digital Communications and Networks 2021年第3期7卷 342-351页

作者： Tasher ali Sheikh Joyatri Bora Md anwar Hussain Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and TechnologyNirjuliArunachal Pradesh791109India

The analytical lower bound of Spectral Efficiency(SE)of downlink transmission of the Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output(Ma-MIMO)system is *** this paper,we derive some novel and approximate mathematical expressions for the lower bound of the SE of a Ma-MIMO with linear precoding schemes,i.e.,Minimum Mean Square Error(MMSE)and Zero-Forcing(ZF).For simulation analysis of the SE,we consider three joint users and antenna scheduling algorithms,namely,the semi-orthogonal,random,and distance-based user scheduling algorithms,whereas the antennas are selected based on Maximum Signal to Noise Ratio(MSNR)with scheduled *** channel between the user and the transmitter is assumed to have characteristics of Small Scale Fading(SSF)and Large Scale Fading(LSF)with the Rayleigh fading *** investigate the effect of the variation of transmitting SNR,the number of base station antennas(M),and the radius(R)of the cell area on the *** simulate the downlink transmission of Ma-MIMO and compare the simulation and analytical *** is observed that the trends of variation of both results are similar to the variation of identical factors,and the difference between the simulated and analytical lower bounds of the SE is approximately 1-1.5 *** analytical lower bound is smaller than the simulation result.

关键词： Fifth-generation Spectral efficiency Ma-MIMO LSF coefficient Precoding

Long-term sustainability and resilience enhancement of building portfolios

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2023年第2期2卷 13-23页

作者： Ghazanfar ali anwar You Dong Mustesin ali Khan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Fire Safety Engineering University of Central LancashireDohaQatar

The role of community building portfolios in socioeconomic development and the growth of the built environ-ment cannot be *** to these structures can have far-reaching consequences on socioeconomic and environmental aspects,requiring a long-term perspective for *** communities aim to enhance their resilience and sustainability,there is a cost burden that needs to be *** address this issue,this pa-per proposes a community-level performance enhancement approach that focuses on optimizing the long-term resilience and sustainability of community building portfolios,taking into account recurrent seismic hazards.A Gaussian process surrogate-based multi-objective optimization framework is utilized to optimize the cost objec-tive while considering performance indicators for resilience and *** proposed framework involves using performance-based assessment methods to evaluate the socioeconomic and environmental consequences under stochastic and recurrent seismic hazard *** evaluated indicators are then used to efficiently optimize the community resilience and sustainability,taking into account the retrofit ***,approximate Pareto-optimal solutions are extracted and utilized for *** summary,this paper presents a novel approach for optimizing the long-term resilience and sustainability of community building portfolios by consid-ering recurrent seismic *** proposed framework incorporates performance-based assessment methods and multi-objective optimization techniques to achieve an optimal balance between cost,resilience,and sustain-ability,with the ultimate goal of enhancing community well-being and decision-making in the face of seismic hazards.

关键词： Multi-objective Long-term Seismic hazards Sustainability Resilience Socioeconomic Environmental Buildings Optimization Decision-making

Capacity maximizing in massive MIMO with linear precoding for SSF and LSF channel with perfect CSI

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Digital Communications and Networks 2021年第1期7卷 92-99页

作者： Tasher ali Sheikh Joyatri Bora Md.anwar Hussain Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Nordi Eastern Regional Institute of Science and TechnologyNirjuliArunachal Pradesh791109India

The capacity of a massive MIMO cellular network depends on user and antenna selection algorithms,and also on the acquisition of perfect Channel State Information(CSD).Low computational cost algorithms for user and an-tenna selection significantly may enhance the system capacity,as it would consume a smaller bandwidth out of the total bandwidth for downlink *** objective of this paper is to maximize the system sum-rate capacity with efficient user and antenna selection algorithms and linear *** consider in this paper,a slowly fading Rayleigh channel with perfect acquisition of CSI to explore the system sum-rate capacity of *** MIMO *** user selection,we apply three algorithms,namely Semi orthogonal user selection(SUS),Descending Order of SNR-based User Scheduling(DOSUS),and Random User Selection(RUS)*** all the user selection algorithms,the selection of Base Station(BS)antenna is based on the maximum Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR)to the selected *** users are characterized by having both Small Scale Fading(SSF)due to slowly fading Rayleigh channel and *** Fading(ISF)due to distances from the base ***,we use linear precoding techniques,such as Zero Forcing(ZF),Minimum Mean Square Error(MMSE),.and Maximum Ratio Transmission(MRT)to reduce interferences,thereby improving average system sum-rate *** using SUS,DOSUS,and RUS user selection algorithms with ZF,MMSE,and MRT precoding techniques are *** also analyzed and compared the computational complexity of all the three user selection *** computational complexities of the three algorithms that we achieved in this paper are 0(1)for RUS and DOSUS,and 0(M^2N)for suS which are less than the other conventional user selection methods.

关键词： Massive MIMO User selection Antenna selection Complexity DOSUS and antenna selection 5G

Analysis of the effect of passive measures on the energy consumption and zero-energy prospects of residential buildings in Pakistan

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Building Simulation 2021年第4期14卷 1325-1342页

作者： Muhammad Wasim anwar Zaib ali Abdullah Javed Emad Ud Din Muhammad Sajid School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering National University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

Climate change can adversely impact the thermal comfort and energy efficiency of the buildings stock. The South Asian countries are particularly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change specially in the form of rising temperatures and increasing frequency of heat waves. The passive building design measures can be useful in mitigating and adapting to the climate change by increasing energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this study various passive climate change adaptation measures (PCAMs) have been used individually and in form of combinations in order to analyze their impact on the energy efficacy of residential buildings in Pakistan. It has been found that the natural ventilation and front green wall are the most efficient options for reducing the overall energy consumption. By implementation of these PCAMs, cooling demand can be decreased by 27.75% while heating demand can be reduced by 35%. Secondly, the prospect of net zero-energy building and reduced CO2 emissions are also studied. It has been shown that building can achieve net-zero energy on an annual basis at every orientation and it can attain the status of nearly zero-energy building on a monthly basis. Moreover, emitted CO2 can be reduced by 31% by using the renewable energy.

关键词： building energy simulations net zero-energy passive climate adaptation measures climate change energy consumption Pakistan

Mathematical modeling and parametric investigation of blood flow through a stenosis artery

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2021年第11期42卷 1675-1684页

作者： A.ali M.HUSSAIN M.S.anwar M.INC department of mathematics government college universityfaisalabad 38000pakistan department of natural sciences and humanities university of engineering and technologylahore 54890pakistan department of mathematics university of jhangistanbul 34295turkey department of computer engineering biruni universityIstanbul 34295Turkey department of mathematics firat universityelazig 23119turkey

In this study,a mathematical model is formulated to examine the blood flow through a cylindrical stenosed blood *** stenosis disease is caused because of the abnormal narrowing of flow in the *** narrowing causes serious health issues like heart attack and may decrease blood flow in the blood *** modeling helps us analyze such issues.A mathematical model is considered in this study to explore the blood flow in a stenosis artery and is solved numerically with the finite difference *** artery is an elastic cylindrical tube containing blood defined as a viscoelastic fluid.A complete parametric analysis has been done for the flow velocity to clarify the applicability of the defined ***,the flow characteristics such as the impedance,the wall shear stress in the stenotic region,the shear stresses in the throat of the stenosis and at the critical stenosis height are *** obtained results show that the intensity of the stenosis occurs mostly at the highest narrowing areas compared with all other areas of the vessel,which has a direct impact on the wall shear *** is also observed that the resistive impedance and wall shear pressure get the maximum values at the critical height of the stenosis.

关键词： stenotic artery blood flow finite difference method Navier-Stokes equation

Proteomic Profiling and Protein-Protein Interaction Network Reveal the Molecular Mechanisms of Susceptibility to Drought Stress in Canola(Brassica napus L.)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第7期91卷 1403-1417页

作者： Reza Shokri-Gharelo ali Bandehagh Mohammad anwar Hossain Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology University of TabrizTabriz51368Iran Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh

Drought stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses that plants face frequently in *** drought conditions,many morphological,physiological,and molecular aspects of plants are changed and as a result plants experience a remarkable reduction in growth,yield,and *** expand our understanding of the molecular basis of the plant response to drought stress,the proteomic profile and protein-protein network of canola(Brassica napus L.)were *** focus was to show molecular mechanisms related to canola susceptibility to drought *** experiment used a completely randomized design,implemented in a hydroponic system under greenhouse *** impose drought stress,plants were exposed to Hoagland’s solution supplemented with polyethylene glycol(PEG)6000 for 7 *** drought stress resulted in 161reproducible protein spots in twodimensional electrophoresis of canola *** t-student test showed 21 differentially abundant proteins(DAP),of which 2 and 19 were up and down accumulated,*** spots identified as 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase and D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase showed an increased abundance of 2.11 and 1.77,*** extended protein-protein interaction of differentially abundant proteins and KEGG analysis showed 47 pathways directly and indirectly associated with canola response to drought *** with increased abundance were associated with amino acid and signaling processes,whereas DAPs with decreased abundance were mostly connected with pathways responsible for energy *** results of the study will help to elucidate further the molecular events associated with the susceptibility to drought stress in canola.

关键词： Abiotic stress differentially abundant protein molecular function proteomics susceptibility