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分子技术在胰腺癌治疗中的应用

中国实用外科杂志 2003年第10期23卷 635-637页

作者： zahir soonawalla Simon Bramhall 黄昕英国伯明翰大学伊利沙白皇后医院

胰腺癌病人预后极差，治疗仍不尽人意。新近，随着对其细胞生长增殖的分子生物学的深层有了进一步了解，基因和分子技术的应用取得了快速发展，一些生物制剂正在进行临床试验。本文专为《中国实用外科杂志》撰写，综述了对胰腺癌的综合... 详细信息

胰腺癌病人预后极差，治疗仍不尽人意。新近，随着对其细胞生长增殖的分子生物学的深层有了进一步了解，基因和分子技术的应用取得了快速发展，一些生物制剂正在进行临床试验。本文专为《中国实用外科杂志》撰写，综述了对胰腺癌的综合治疗方法。

关键词：分子技术胰腺癌综合治疗分子生物学筛查

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of pancreatic walled-off necrosis using self-expanding metal stents without fluoroscopy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2018年第5期10卷 93-98页

作者： Barbara Braden Andreas Koutsoumpas Michael A Silva zahir soonawalla Christoph F Dietrich Translational Gastroenterology Unit Oxford University Hospitals Hepatobiliary Surgery Oxford University Hospitals Caritas Krankenhaus Bad Mergentheim

AIM To investigate whether endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided insertion of fully covered self-expandable metal stents in walled-off pancreatic necrosis(WOPN) is feasible without *** Patients with symptomatic pancreatic WOPN undergoing EUS-guided transmural drainage using self-expandable and fully covered self expanding metal stents(FCSEMS) were included. The EUS visibility of each step involved in the transmural stent insertion was assessed by theoperators as "visible" or "not visible":(1) Access to the cyst by needle or cystotome;(2) insertion of a guide wire;(3) introducing of the diathermy and delivery system;(4) opening of the distal flange; and(5) slow withdrawal of the delivery system until contact of distal flange to cavity wall. Technical success was defined as correct positioning of the FCSEMS without the need of *** In total, 27 consecutive patients with symptomatic WOPN referred for EUS-guided drainage were included. In 2 patients large traversing arteries within the cavity were detected by color Doppler, therefore the insertion of FCSEMS was not attempted. In all other patients(92.6%) EUS-guided transgastric stent insertion was technically successful without fluoroscopy. All steps of the procedure could be clearly visualized by EUS. Nine patients required endoscopic necrosectomy through the FCSEMS. Adverse events were two readmissions with fever and one self-limiting bleeding; there was no procedure-related mortality. CONCLUSION The good endosonographic visibility of the FCSEMS delivery system throughout the procedure allows safe EUS-guided insertion without fluoroscopy making it available as bedside intervention for critically ill patients.

关键词： Necrotizing pancreatitis Peripancreatic fluid collection Therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound Transmural drainage Acute pancreatitis

Buoyancy Effects in the Peristaltic Flow of a Prandtl-Eyring Nanofluid with Slip Boundaries

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第6期19卷 1507-1519页

作者： Hina zahir Department of Mathematics Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women UniversityPeshawar25000Pakistan

The interaction of nanoparticles with a peristaltic flow is analyzed considering a Prandtl-Eyring fluid under various conditions,such as the presence of a heat source/sink and slip effects in channels with a *** problem has extensive background links with various fields in medical science such as chemotherapy and more in general nanotechnology.A similarity transformation is used to turn the original balance equations into a set of ordinary differential equations,which are then integrated *** investigation reveals that nanofluids have valuable thermal capabilitises.

关键词： Curved channel Prandtl-Eyring nanofluid slip conditions flexible walls heat source or sink mixed convection

Variable-fidelity optimization with design space reduction

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2013年第4期26卷 841-849页

作者： Mohammad Kashif zahir Gao Zhenghong School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical University

Advanced engineering systems, like aircraft, are defined by tens or even hundreds of design variables. Building an accurate surrogate model for use in such high-dimensional optimization problems is a difficult task owing to the curse of dimensionality. This paper presents a new algorithm to reduce the size of a design space to a smaller region of interest allowing a more accurate surrogate model to be generated. The framework requires a set of models of different physical or numerical fidelities. The low-fidelity （LF） model provides physics-based approximation of the high-fidelity （HF） model at a fraction of the computational cost. It is also instrumental in identifying the small region of interest in the design space that encloses the high-fidelity optimum. A surrogate model is then constructed to match the low-fidelity model to the high-fidelity model in the identified region of interest. The optimization process is managed by an update strategy to prevent convergence to false optima. The algorithm is applied on mathematical problems and a two-dimen-sional aerodynamic shape optimization problem in a variable-fidelity context. Results obtained are in excellent agreement with high-fidelity results, even with lower-fidelity flow solvers, while showing up to 39% time savings.

关键词： Airfoil optimization Curse of dimensionality Design space reduction Genetic algorithms Kriging Surrogate models Surrogate update strategies Variable fidelity

Temperature Uniformity,Correlations and the Flow Field in Swirling Impinging Jets

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第2期32卷 662-679页

作者： zahir U.AHMED Yasir M.AL-ABDELI Department of Mechanical Engineering Khulna University of Engineering&TechnologyKhulna 9203Bangladesh School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia

Infrared thermography,velocity and impingement pressure measurements alongside numerical modelling are used in this study to resolve(heated)surface temperature distributions of turbulent swirling impinging jets for two Reynolds numbers(Re=11600 and 24600).Whilst building upon earlier discoveries for this same geometry,this paper provides three new contributions:(1)identifying the role of impingement distance(H/D)as a deciding factor in the trade-off between more efficient heat transfer(at high swirl numbers)and achieving better substrate temperature uniformity(lower gradients),(2)developing correlations to predict Nusselt number for swirling and non-swirling cooling jets,and(3)predicting the underlying mixing field in these jets and its interplay with the thermal distributions *** indicate substrate temperature uniformity varies based on H/D and swirl intensity(S)with a significant level of thermal non-uniformity occurring in near-field impingement(H/D=1)at stronger swirl(S=0.59 and 0.74).Four correlations describing the effects of S,Re,and H on the average heat transfer and stagnation heat transfer are developed and yield accuracies of 8%and 12%,*** recirculation near the impingement surface is predicted at H/D=1 for stronger swirl jets which disappears at other substrate *** peak wall shear stress reduces and the flow impingement becomes radially wider at higher H/D and *** turbulence or eddy viscosity regions for non-swirling jets(S=0)are predicted in the shear layer and entrainment regions at H/D=1,but such turbulence is confined to the impingement and wall jet regions for strongly swirling flows.

关键词： Temperature uniformity Nusselt number IR imaging CTA RANS

Integrated application of synthetic community reduces consumption of herbicide in field Phalaris minor control

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 125-136页

作者： Amina Hadayat zahir Ahmad zahir Peng Cai Chun-Hui Gao National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Resources and EnvironmentHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry Laboratory Institute of Soil and Environmental SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan

Herbicide-based weeds control impacts wheat crops as *** of Pseudomonas strains reduce the need for high-dose herbicides.100%Axial provides less weed control compared to 75%Axial with C4 *** 75%with C4 SynCom promotes... 详细信息

关键词： weed control synthetic microbial communities Phalaris minor wheat growth promotion synergistic effect

Trombe walls with nanoporous aerogel insulation applied to UK housing refurbishments

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2014年第4期5卷 283-303页

作者： Mark Dowson David Harrison zahir Dehouche Buro Happold Ltd LondonUK School of Engineering and Design Brunel UniversityLondonUK

There is an opportunity to improve the efficiency of passive Trombe walls and active solar air collectors by replacing their conventional glass covers with lightweight polycarbonate panels filled with nanoporous aerogel *** study investigates the thermal performance,energy savings,and financial payback period of passive Aerogel Trombe walls applied to the existing UK housing *** parametric modeling,a series of design guidance tables have been generated,providing estimates of the energy savings and overheating risk associated with applying areas of Trombe wall to four different house types across the UK built to six notional construction *** energy savings range from 183 kWh/m2/year for an 8 m2 system retrofitted to a solid walled detached house to 62 kWh/m2/year for a 32 m2 system retrofitted to a super insulated *** energy savings from Trombe walls up to 24 m2 are found to exceed the energy savings from external insulation across all house types and *** areas of Trombe wall can provide a useful energy contribution without creating a significant overheating *** larger areas are to be installed,then detailed calculations would be recommended to assess and mitigate potential overheating issues.

关键词： silica aerogel nanoporous insulation energy harvesting solar wall Passivhaus

Recent Advances on Graphene Quantum Dots for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第1期5卷 201-214页

作者： Noura zahir Pierre Magri Wen Luo Jean Jacques Gaumet Philippe Pierrat CNRS L2CM UMR 7053 Universit e de Lorraine LCP-A2MC EA4632 Institut Jean Barriol Universit e de Lorraine State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technologywuhan 430070china

Graphene quantum dots(GQDs)which are nanofragments of graphene with an average size between 2 and 50 nm have attracted much attention due to their outstanding properties such as high conductivity,high surface area,and good solubility in various *** combine the quantum confinement and edges effects and the properties of ***,GQDs offers a broad range of applications in various fields(medicine,energy conversion,and energy storage devices).This review will present the recent research based on the introduction of GQDs in batteries,supercapacitors,and microsupercapacitors as electrodes materials or mixed with an active material as an auxiliary ***,discussed on selected examples,summarize the electrochemical performances and finally,challenges and perspectives are recalled for the subsequent optimization strategy of electrode *** review is expected to appeal a broad interest on functional GQDs materials and promote the further development of high-performance energy storage device.

关键词： energy storage graphene quantum dots lithium ion batteries sodium ion batteries supercapacitor

Quality and Crop Yield Potential of Moderately Degraded Alfisols Under Different Nutrient Inputs and Cropping Patterns

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Pedosphere 2019年第2期29卷 235-247页

作者： Wiqar AHMAD Farmanullah KHAN zahir SHAH Muhammad Jamal KHAN Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences The University of Agriculture PeshawarAMK Campus Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences The University of AgriculturePeshawar

Crop performance on degraded soil needs special management practices to overcome soil quality limitations. In a 2-year(from summer 2006 to winter 2007–2008) field trial on a moderately degraded Alfisol in Swabi District(34°7′12′′N, 72°28′20′′E), Pakistan,the effects of three cropping patterns, cereal-cereal(CC), cereal-legume(CL), and cereal-cereal and legume intercrop(CLI), were tested in main plots under four fertilization treatments in sub-plots, including no fertilization(control), farmers' practice(FP, 60:45 kg ha^(-1) N:P_2O_5), recommended dose(RD, 120:90:60 kg ha^(-1) N:P_2O_5:K_2O), and integrated nutrient management(INM, 20 t ha^(-1) farmyard manure integrated with 50% N, 100% P, and K of recommended dose), using a split-plot randomized complete block design. The performance of CL was superior than CC in plant height, leaf area index(LAI), cob length, grain yield, biological yield, and grain protein(8%, 26%, 8%, 5%, 10%, and 8% increases, respectively), while CLI confirmed significant improvement only in LAI(25%) over CC. Response to nutrient inputs from all sources was in the order of INM > RD > FP > control, and the maximum net economic return by INM(23% and 2.5 times higher than RD and FP, respectively) indicated severe deficiency of both macro-and micro-nutrients in the soil as well as degraded physical properties. Increases in soil organic matter, total N, total mineral N, available P and K, total porosity, and available water-holding capacity by 6%, 34%, 24%, 50%, 13%, 5%, and 7%, respectively, and decrease in soil bulk density by 4% after four crop seasons indicated optimistic changes in soil quality as a result of the combined effects of fertilization from organic and inorganic sources and legumes within crop rotation. This study suggests that keeping the soil covered under cereal-legume rotation crops all year round and treatment with INM(50% N from organic source and 50% from inorganic source) are the best management practice for sustained produc

关键词： crop rotation crop performance degraded soil farmyard manure integrated nutrient management legume intercrop sustained production