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Comparison of in-hospital outcomes between octogenarians and nonagenarians undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement： a propensity matched analysis

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第2期15卷 123-130页

作者： Rajkumar Doshi Vaibhav Patel Priyank shah Department of Cardiology North Shore University Hospital Northwell Health Manhasset New York USA Department of Cardiology Medical College of Georgia Southwest Clinical Campus Albany Georgia USA

Background Aortic valve stenosis （AS） is very common in the elderly patients above 80 years. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement （TAVR） in such patients is being increasingly performed. This study sought to assess in-hospital outcome differences between octogenarians and nonagenarians and predictors of mortality in nonagenarians undergoing TAVR with severe AS. Method The study population was derived from the National Inpatient Sample （MS） for the years 2012-2014 using ICD-9 CM procedure codes 35.05 and 35.06 for TAVR. Hospitalizations below 80 years of age were excluded. After performing propensity score matching （1： 2）, in-hospital outcomes were compared in matched cohorts. Then, multivariate model was developed to analyze predictors of in-hospital mortality in nonagenarians. Results There were 11,630 hospitalizations in the octogenarian and 5815 hospitalizations in the nonagenarian group. Primary outcome of in-hospital mortality （6% vs. 4.1%, P ≤ 0.001） was higher in nonagenarians compared to octogenarians. Secondary outcomes including stroke （3.4% vs. 2.8%, P ≤ 0.001）, renal failure （18.9% vs. 17.3%, P ≤0.001）, blood transfusion （35% vs. 32.6%, P ≤ 0.001）, vascular complications （4.5% vs. 3.5%, P ≤ 0.001）, and pacemaker implantation （27.8% vs. 24.8%, P ≤ 0.001） were higher in nonagenarians. There was no difference in their length of stay. Median cost （70,3745 vs. 65,3815, P ≤ 0.001） was slightly higher with nonagenarian. Conclusions Although in-hospital mortality is slightly higher in nonagenarians, it is acceptable. This difference in mortality is at least partly explained by higher complications in nonagenarians. Efforts should be made to decrease the complications which can further narrow the difference in in-hospital mortality between the groups.

关键词： Nonagenarian Octogenarian Quality of Life Transcatheter aortic valve replacement

Use of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in COVID-19 related strokes

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 1881-1883页

作者： Mahika Rawat Chiao Ng Emaad Khan Rayyan A.shah Suha Ashfaq Ghaith A.Bahader Zahoor A.shah Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ToledoToledoOHUSA

Co ronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has affected a broad demographics,eliciting a more significant effect on specific groups such as males,African Americans,and Hispanic *** of COVID-19 often requires antiviral drugs or monoclonal ***,immunotherapies such as mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal vesicles should be evaluated as treatment options for *** stem cell thera py offe rs regenerative,anti-inflammatory,and immunomodulato ry properties that can speed up the recovery from *** stem cell therapy can also benefit COVID-19 patients who suffer from stro kes,as COVID-19 increases the risk of strokes due to increased cytokines and clotting facto *** stroke cases that occur in COVID-19 patients are ischemic *** re,with the help of mesenchymal stem cell therapy and mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes,COVID-19-induced stroke patients might benefit from dual-ended *** o bjective of this review was to discuss COVID-19 and stroke incidence and the available treatment options.

关键词： COVID-19 cytokines immunotherapy interleukin-7 mesenchymal stem cells neuroinflammation sex differences stroke

Macrophage polarization in nerve injury： do Schwann cells play a role？

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第1期11卷 53-57页

作者： Jo Anne Stratton Prajay T.shah Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Calgary Calgary Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute Calgary Canada Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Canada

In response to peripheral nerve injury, the inflammatory response is almost entirely comprised of infiltrating macrophages. Macrophages are a highly plastic, heterogenic immune cell, playing an indispensable role in peripheral nerve injury, clearing debris and regulating the microenvironment to allow for efficient regeneration. There are several cells within the microenvironment that likely interact with macrophages to support their function – most notably the Schwann cell, the glial cell of the peripheral nervous system. Schwann cells express several ligands that are known to interact with receptors expressed by macrophages, yet the effects of Schwann cells in regulating macrophage phenotype remains largely unexplored. This review discusses macrophages in peripheral nerve injury and how Schwann cells may regulate their behavior.

关键词： nerve macrophage traumatic injury Schwann cells polarization

Energy Management Strategies for Modern Electric Vehicles Using MATLAB/Simulink

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2015年第3期13卷 282-288页

作者： Jinesh Pradip shah Prashant Kumar Soori Sibi Chacko the Department of Electrical Engineering School of Engineering & Physical Sciences Heriot Watt University Dubai Campus

The paper describes the various energy management techniques that can be implemented for a modern electric vehicle by using MATLAB/SimuUnk. The Renault Twizy vehicle is considered for MATLAB simulation. Regenerative braking technique is discussed, in which the kinetic energy is converted to electricity to charge the battery of the vehicle when the brakes are applied or when the vehicle is moving down the hill. A solar photovoltaic （PV） on the roof-top of the vehicle is implemented to charge the battery used in the vehicle. The simulation results are highlighted and energy management strategies are presented. The results showed that the speed control of direct current （DC） motor during the motoring mode and regenerative braking mode was successfully achieved by using a bi-directional DC-DC converter and a proportional-integral （PI） controller at various reference speeds set by the user by applying a variable load torques to the motor. The size of solar PV on roof-top of the vehicle was found to be 280 W that charged the 48 V battery of the vehicle by using a bi-directional DC-DC converter, which was evaluated by using MATLAB/Simulink.

关键词： Battery vehicle DC-DC converter DC motor MATLAB

Study of Fractional Order Dynamical System of Viral Infection Disease under Piecewise Derivative

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第7期136卷 921-941页

作者： Kamal shah Hafsa Naz Thabet Abdeljawad Bahaaeldin Abdalla Department of Mathematics and Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityP.O.Box 66833Riyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics University of MalakandChakdara Dir(L)Khyber Pakhtunkhwa18000Pakistan Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan

This research aims to understand the fractional order dynamics of the deadly Nipah virus(NiV)*** focus on using piecewise derivatives in the context of classical and singular kernels of power operators in the Caputo sense to investigate the crossover behavior of the considered dynamical *** establish some qualitative results about the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the proposed *** utilizing the Newtonian polynomials interpolation technique,we recall a powerful algorithm to interpret the numerical findings for the aforesaid ***,we remark that the said viral infection is caused by an RNA type virus which can transmit from animals and also from an infected person to *** bats which are also known as flying foxes are one of the sources of transmission of NiV *** in this work,we investigate its transmission mechanism through some new concepts of fractional calculus for further analysis and *** present the approximate results for different compartments using different fractional *** using the piecewise derivative concept,we detect the crossover ormulti-steps behavior in the transmission dynamics of the mentioned ***,the considered form of the derivative is used to deal with problems exhibiting crossover behaviors.

关键词： NiV disease fractional calculus piecewise derivative qualitative results newton polynomial RNA virus

50 years of scanning electron microscopy of bone——a comprehensive overview of the important discoveries made and insights gained into bone material properties in health,disease,and taphonomy

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Bone Research 2019年第2期7卷 123-137页

作者： Furqan A.shah Krisztina Ruscsák Anders Palmquist Department of Biomaterials Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg

Bone is an architecturally complex system that constantly undergoes structural and functional optimisation through renewal and *** scanning electron microscope (SEM) is among the most frequently used instruments for examining *** offers the key advantage of very high spatial resolution coupled with a large depth of field and wide field of *** between incident electrons and atoms on the sample surface generate backscattered electrons,secondary electrons,and various other signals including X-rays that relay compositional and topographical *** selective removal or preservation of specific tissue components (organic,inorganic,cellular,vascular),their individual contribution(s) to the overall functional competence can be *** few restrictions on sample geometry and a variety of applicable sample-processing routes,a given sample may be conveniently adapted for multiple analytical *** a conventional SEM operates at high vacuum conditions that demand clean,dry,and electrically conductive samples,non-conductive materials (e.g.,bone) can be imaged without significant modification from the natural state using an environmental scanning electron *** review highlights important insights gained into bone microstructure and pathophysiology,bone response to implanted biomaterials,elemental analysis,SEM in paleoarchaeology,3D imaging using focused ion beam techniques,correlative microscopy and in situ *** capacity to image seamlessly across multiple length scales within the meso-micro-nano-continuum,the SEM lends itself to many unique and diverse applications,which attest to the versatility and user-friendly nature of this instrument for studying *** technological developments are anticipated for analysing bone using the SEM.

关键词： scanning electron microscopy comprehensive overview important discoveries

Bed planting of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)improves nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield compared to flat planting

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The Crop Journal 2015年第2期3卷 118-124页

作者： Abdul Majeed Atif Muhmood Abid Niaz shahid Javid Zahid Ashfaq Ahmad Syed shahid Hussain shah Asrar Hussain shah Soil Chemistry Section Institute of Soil Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Ayub Agricultural Research Institute

Conventional flat planting is commonly used for growing wheat in Pakistan and the crop is irrigated by flood irrigation, but it leads to ineffective use of applied nitrogen owing to poor aeration and leaching and volatilization losses. The practice also results in greater crop lodging, lower water use efficiency, and crusting of the soil surface. In contrast, bed planting of wheat not only saves water but improves fertilizer use efficiency and grain yield. Three years of pooled data from the present study showed that wheat planting on beds and nitrogen application at 120 kg ha-1produced 15.06% higher grain yield than flat planting at the same nitrogen rate. Similarly, 25.04%, 15.02%, 14.59%, and 29.83% higher nitrogen uptake, nitrogen use, and agronomic and recovery efficiencies, respectively, were recorded for bed compared to flat planting. Wheat planting on beds with a nitrogen application of80 kg ha-1gave a yield similar to that of flat planting with 120 kg ha-1nitrogen. However,the economic return was 29% higher in bed planting as compared to flat planting, when nitrogen was applied at 120 kg ha-1.

关键词： Bed and flat planting N uptake N use efficiency Grain yield

Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of daphne mucronata

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2019年第6期39卷 764-771页

作者： Ghosia Lutfullah Asma shah Kafeel Ahmad Jamila Haider Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology University of Peshawar

OBJECTIVE:To aim at preliminary phytochemical screening of Daphne mucronata and evaluate its antioxidant and antibacterial ***:Preliminary phytochemical screening was conducted for the crude extracts using standard *** properties of crude methanolic extracts,n-hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of leaves,roots and bark were evaluated following standard *** antibacterial activities were checked against Acinetobacter baumannii(***),Escherichia coli(***),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(***),Staphylococcus aureus(***),Morganella morganii(***)and vancomycin resistant ***(VRSA).RESULTS:Carbohydrates,saponins,steroids,phenols/tannins,flavonoids and glycosides were present in different parts of Daphne *** extracts showed good antioxidant activity with EC50 values of 157.82-361.61μg/m *** extracts of roots showed good activity against ***(86.95%),***(85.18%)and ***(84.61%).Methanolic extracts of bark were active against ***(65.21%),***(65.21%)and ***(62.96%).Methanolic extracts of leaves showed good activity against ***(78.26%),***(77.78%),***(74.07%),***(73.07%),***(69.56%),VRSA(68%)and Proteus vulgaris(60%).The n-hexane fraction of roots was effective against ***(78.26%).Chlorofom fraction of roots showed moderate activity against ***(60.86%)and ***(61.53%).Ethyl acetate fraction of roots showed moderate activity against ***(69.56%),***(62.96%)and ***(69.23%).CONCLUSION:This study illustrates that Daphne mucronata possesses good antioxidant and antibacterial *** plant could be further exploited as potential natural antioxidant and as a new source of antimicrobials for treatment of various infections.

关键词： Antioxidants Anti-bacterial agents Phytochemicals Daphne mucronata

RBF Based Localized Method for Solving Nonlinear Partial Integro-Differential Equations

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第6期123卷 957-972页

作者： Marjan Uddin Najeeb Ullah Syed Inayat Ali shah University of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPakistan Islamia College University PeshawarPakistan

In this work,a numerical scheme is constructed for solving nonlinear parabolictype partial-integro differential *** proposed numerical scheme is based on radial basis functions which are local in nature like finite difference numerical *** radial basis functions are used to approximate the derivatives involved and the integral is approximated by equal width integration *** resultant differentiation matrices are sparse in *** spatial approximation using RBF the partial integro-differential equations reduce to the system of *** ODEs system can be solved by various types of ODE *** proposed numerical scheme is tested and compared with other methods available in literature for different test *** stability and convergence of the present numerical scheme are discussed.

关键词： RBFs integral equations local method