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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2008年第4期1卷 36-39页

作者： Munawar Alam Ansari Shahida P.Ahmed zahida memon Department of Pharmacology Liaquat University of Medical & Health SciencesJamshoroPakistan Department of Pharmacology Karachi UniversityKarachiPakistan Department of Pharmacology Dow University of Health SciencesKarachiPakistan

Objective:The majority of the patients with posttraumatic stress disorders(PTSD) embrace augmented urinary flow of Vanillylmandelic Acid(VMA) than normal subjects owing to superior sympathetic doings,which steer to cardiovascular *** flow of VMA was evaluated as sympathoadrenal bustle marker in patients with posttraumatic stress *** ion shows a noteworthy dependability in nervousness owing to its special effects on brain *** this study was conducted to explore the effects of Verapamil on sympathoadrenal motion in patients with ***:Placebo controlled clinical tryout was conducted. At first hundred(100) PTSD patients were chosen and enrolled in the study,from department of Psychological Medicine Dow University of Health Sciences,*** 120 mg/day was specified in divided doses to group-Ⅰ(n=50)patients and group-Ⅱ(n =50) patients received placebo therapy on a daily basis for nine *** and every patient was monitored weekly,all the way through extent of ***:Underneath the posttraumatic stress disorder,urinary excretion of VMA was *** channel blocker verapamil additionally abolished the embellished retort in urinary flow of VMA appreciably in patients with PTSD. Conclusion:Verapamil was experiential to be exceedingly effectual *** reduces VMA levels in urine, and on the whole cardiovascular threat in PTSD patients.

关键词： PTSD Sympathetic activity Urinary VMA and verapamil

Culture and Sensitivity Patterns of Various Antibiotics Used for the Treatment of Pediatric Infectious Diarrhea in Children under 5 Years of Age: A Tertiary Care Experience from Karachi

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2018年第9期9卷 684-696页

作者： Faiza Quraishi Shehla Shaheen zahida memon Ghulam Fatima Department of Pharmacology Ziauddin Medical College Ziauddin University Karachi Pakistan Department of Microbiology Central Laboratory Civil Hospital Karachi Karachi Pakistan

Background and objective: Infectious diarrhea is one of the most common infections and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years of age. Frequent and irrational use of antibiotics has resulted in increased bacterial resistance. The aim of our study was to determine the culture and sensitivity patterns of antibiotics used for the treatment of diarrhea in children less than 5 years of age in a tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted for a period of six months in the children of ages ranging between 6 months and 5 years. Stool samples were obtained from the patients presented with signs and symptoms of diarrhea in OPD or being referred to microbiology department for stool C/S (culture and sensitivity). Data were analyzed on SPSS version 19.0. Results: A total number of 325 stool samples were collected, out of which 152 samples were positive for pathogens. The most common pathogen isolated was E. coli 92 (60%), followed by Klebsiella 56 (37%) and Salmonella 4 (3%). All 152 isolates were highly resistant to majority of the standard antibiotics. Conclusion: Infectious diarrhea is highly prevalent among children under 5 years of age. E. coli was found to be the most frequent pathogen isolated in stool samples of the patients presenting with diarrhea and was highly resistant to many of the commonly used standard antibiotics in our clinical set up. Male children were predominantly affected by infectious diarrhea as compared to female children. Therefore, injudicious use of antibiotics should be stopped as well as should not be prescribed empirically for the treatment of all cases of pediatric diarrhea.

关键词： Infectious Diarrhea Antibiotic Resistance Antibiotic Sensitivity Stool Culture

In-VitroComparison of Antifungal Activity of Herbs (Darehald and Pomegranate) with Azoles

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2018年第9期9卷 703-715页

作者： Rabeea Rizwan Shehla Shaheen zahida memon Faisal Afridi Mubarak Zaib Department of Pharmacology Ziauddin Medical College Karachi Pakistan Department of Microbiology Ziauddin University Hospital Karachi Pakistan

Aim: Candida, an opportunistic organism is one of the commonest causes of hospital acquired infections among fungi. Currently available antifungal drugs have numerous adverse effects and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) along with increase in resistance over the time. Therefore, it is highly emergent to consider alternative treatments for candidal infections, having fewer adverse effects and is cost-effective. The current in-vitro study is undertaken to assess and compare the antifungal effects of the herbs, Berberis aristata (B. aristata, Darehald/Darhald) and Punica granatum (P. granatum, Pomegranate) with fluconazole and voriconazole, based on culture and sensitivity of candidal isolates. Materials and Methods: Ethanolic extracts of herbs (Berberis aristata and Punica granatum) and concentrations were formulated as per standard procedure. 130 samples were obtained for the study from in and out patients reported in clinical subsets of Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi from March to May, 2018. Samples were collected and grown according to the standard procedures like, wet mount test and gram’s staining. Species were identified by CHROM agar candida and API 20 C AUX methods. Sensitivity tests were performed by Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method according to CLSI guide lines M-44 A2, 2009. Data analysis was done by one-way ANOVA to compare the antifungal activities of drugs and herbs. Results: Mean inhibitory zones of herbs, B. aristata and P. granatum were highly significant against clinical candidal isolates with respective p-values of 0.00 and 0.02. Both of the herbs, B. aristata and P. granatum were found to be more sensitive, 98.5% and 97.7% respectively in comparison to fluconazole showing 42.3% and voriconazole showing 29.2% sensitivity against candidal isolates. The most resistant candidal specie was C. tropicalis that showed resistance against both fluconazole and voriconazole, contrary to that, this specie was highly sensitive to both of the herbs, showing sensitivi

关键词： Candida Fungi Azoles Antifungal Sensitivity Antifungals Berberis aristata Punica granatum Pomegranate Darhald Darehald

Prevalence and Sensitivity Patterns of Candidal Infections in Various Tertiary Care Health Subunits of Karachi

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2018年第9期9卷 645-659页

作者： Rabeea Rizwan zahida memon Shehla Shaheen Faisal Afridi Mubarak Zaib Department of Pharmacology Ziauddin Medical College Karachi Pakistan Department of Microbiology Ziauddin University Hospital Karachi Pakistan

Mostly candida resides as an opportunistic organism on epithelial surfaces of human being. However, under auspicious conditions can cause infections including serious life threatening invasive candidiasis with subsequent mortality particularly in immune deficit and hospitalized patients having co-morbids. Limited data are published on the prevalence of candidiasis, based on the researches conducted at few tertiary care settings which are not representing the overall disease burden in our country, Pakistan. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the frequency and sensitivity patterns of candidiasis in our community. Methods: Out of total 1020 specimens, 130 clinical samples were identified as candidal positive, obtained from March to May 2018. These samples were isolated from vagina, oropharynx, urine, tracheal aspirates, pus, blood, tips of the intubations, wounds and fluids of the body cavities. Identification of candida, its species and antifungal sensitivity screening was done by Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method according to CLSI guide lines’ (M - 44 A2 series, 2009). Results: A significant majority, 80 (61.5%) of candidal strains were isolated from females with female to male ratio 8:5 and most of these isolates were obtained from high vaginal swabs (43.75%). Four candidal species (Candida albicans 80%, Candida tropicalis 10%, Candida glabrata 9.2% and Candida ciferrii 0.8%) were isolated from all positive specimens. Maximum number of the positive samples 52 (40%) were obtained from ICU patients. Sensitivity test of candidal positive samples revealed that commonly used azole antifungal drugs, fluconazole and voriconazole were highly resistant, with respective 57.7% and 70.8% resistance. Conclusion: Candidiasis is highly prevalent in our clinical set up and more frequently infecting females in comparison to males as most of the positive isolates were retrieved from HVS (high vaginal swabs). Still, C. albicans was found to be the most prevalent specie

关键词： Candida Candidiasis Antifungal Drugs Fluconazole Voriconazole C. albicans Candidal Infection Sensitivity Resistance

In-VitroComparison of Antimicrobial Actions of Probiotics (LactobacilliSpecies and Saccharomyces boulardii) with Standard Antibiotics for the Treatment of Diarrhea in Pediatric Population

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2018年第12期9卷 827-840页

作者： Faiza Quraishi Ghulam Fatima Shehla Shaheen zahida memon Samiya Kainat Faiza Agha Department of Pharmacology Ziauddin Medical College Ziauddin University Karachi Pakistan Department of Microbiology Central Laboratory Civil Hospital Karachi Karachi Pakistan Department of Biochemistry Liaquat National Medical College Karachi Pakistan

Background and objectives: Irrational and repeated use of broad spectrum antibiotics for infectious diarrhea in children has resulted in their increased resistance along with several systemic toxic effects. Probiotics are also used in the management of infectious diarrhea as these are supposed to be favorable in promoting overall health benefits including stability of the intestinal flora. However, these agents are not used as an alternative to antibiotics as their exact bactericidal/bacteriostatic effects have not been evaluated on the basis of any clinical or in-vitro samples (Culture and Sensitivity test). Hence the aim of our study was to compare the culture and sensitivity patterns of standard antibiotics and two probiotics, Lactobacilli (Lactobacillus paracasei/Lactobacillus acidophilus) and Saccharomyces boulardii used for the treatment of infectious diarrhea in children less than 5 years of age in a tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: This prospective quasi experimental study was conducted for a period of six months. After getting informed consent from parents/guardians, the stool samples were obtained from children of ages, 6 months to 5 years, presented with signs and symptoms of diarrhea in outpatient department (OPD) or being referred to microbiology department for stool C/S (culture and sensitivity). The sensitivity patterns of the cultured isolates were assessed for standard antibiotics according to the CLSI guidelines (2018), while the two probiotics (Lactobacilli and Saccharomyces boulardii) were evaluated by means of Dried Modification method. The data was analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 19.0. Results: A total number of 325 stool samples were collected, out of which 152 samples were positive for pathogens i.e. E. coli, Klebsiella and Salmonella typhi. The sensitivity of combination of Lactobacilli for E. coli, Klebsiella and Salmonella typhi was 28.3%, 25% and 25% respectively. While, for Saccharomyces boulardi

关键词： Antibiotics Probiotics Lactobacillus paracasei/Lactobacillus acidophilus Saccharomyces boulardii in Vitro

Use of NMR relaxometry for determination of meat properties:a brief review

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Food Materials Research 2022年第1期2卷 74-81页

作者： Muhammad Ammar Khan Baila Ahmad Asghar Ali Kamboh zahida Qadeer Department of Food Science&Technology Faculty of Agriculture&EnvironmentThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan Department of Veterinary Microbiology Faculty of Animal Husbandry&Veterinary SciencesSindh Agriculture UniversityTandojam 70060Pakistan

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR)is a non-destructive and rapid meat analytical *** meat has high proton content,the quality of fresh meat can be assessed by exciting proton spin using NMR laboratory *** allows the assessment of intrinsic properties including animal development stages and muscle type,as well as extrinsic factors including processing and storage conditions that affect the technological traits of *** can be used to determine the water-holding capacity of meat,water distribution in muscles,meat authentication,fat content,post mortem aging,rigor mortis,and changes in metabolomes,among *** in NMR relaxation times are associated with the changes in muscle components and their distribution as affected by various processing ***,industrial assessment is now demanding rapidity and real-time assessment,it is therefore essential to evaluate the potential of NMR in contrast to other ***,this review article presents the principle of working of NMR,various methods available,quality traits of meat that can be evaluated using this technique,and a brief *** review article will help the industry to adopt novel NMR-based meat quality assessment tools for rapid quality determinations.

关键词： technique NMR determination

Analysis of biomarkers for the cross-linkage of formaldehyde with bovine serum albumin peptides

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第21期53卷 3287-3293页

作者： AHMAD Waqar DENG YuLin LI Bo LI LiLi AHAMD Manzoor IQBAL Zafar PARVEEN zahida School of Life Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan Department of Pharmacy University of Peshawar Peshawar-25000 Pakistan

Formaldehyde,a well-known environmental toxic hazard,has been found to produce endogenously via semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase-catalyzed oxidative deamination of *** diabetes,the activity of SSAO has been found to increase with a subsequent increase in endogenous formalde-hyde *** has been postulated that SSAO-induced production of formaldehyde may be in-volved in the alteration of protein structure,which may subsequently cause protein deposition associ-ated with chronic pathological *** has also been found to react(cross-link) with amino group of the N-terminal amino acid residue and with the side-chains of arginine,cysteine,his-tidine and lysine ***,formaldehyde may be responsible,at least in part,for protein cross-linkage,oxidative stress and *** cross-linking of formaldehyde with bovine serum albumin was studied using LC-MS and Mascot *** peptides sequence for control BSA(un-treated) digested with trypsin was matched in the online database search query by exporting the MS/MS data to online MASCOT *** this way,a total of twenty-seven peptides were matched in the database search *** twenty-seven peptides were then searched manually in all of the tryptic BSA samples treated with different concentrations of FA that were incubated in different time *** formaldehyde-treated BSA peptides(FKDLGEEHFK,HLVDEPQNLIK,KVPQVSTPTLVEVSR,RPCFSALTPDETYVPK,LVNELTEFAK,DAFLGSFLYEYSR) were found to be the possible markers for formaldehyde-protein/peptides adducts.

关键词：甲醛牛血清白蛋白时标生物标志物

Pharmaceutical Care of the Patients Suffering from Depression

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2016年第6期4卷 253-260页

作者： zahida Binakaj Faculty of Pharmacy University of Tuzla Univerzitetska 8 75000 Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina

Depression is the most present mental disorders with a very expensive treatment costs. Due to the high prevalence of depression in Bosnia and Herzegovina and high work load of psychiatrists, patients that suffer from depression are often marginalised, stigmatised and inadequately treated. Therefore, a pharmacist can influence an adequate selection of a therapy through an interdisciplinary approach and pharmaceutical care and alos provide patient monitoring, counselling about side effects and interactions of the prescribed drugs, which will in the end improve the quality of life for patients that suffer from depression. The aim of this work was to establish the influence of pharmaceutical care on the outcome of the quality of life and the pharmacological treatment of patients suffering from depression. Results showed that the involvement of pharmacist in a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of depression lead to improvement of the effect of therapy and increased quality of life.

关键词： Depression pharmaceutical care quality of life.

On Size-Biased Double Weighted Exponential Distribution (SDWED)

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Open Journal of Statistics 2016年第5期6卷 917-930页

作者： zahida Perveen Zulfiqar Ahmed Munir Ahmad Lahore Garrison University Main Campus Sector C Phase VI DHA Lahore Pakistan GIFT University Gujranwala Pakistan National College of Business Administration and Economics Lahore Pakistan

This paper introduces a new distribution based on the exponential distribution, known as Size-biased Double Weighted Exponential Distribution (SDWED). Some characteristics of the new distribution are obtained. Plots for the cumulative distribution function, pdf and hazard function, tables with values of skewness and kurtosis are provided. As a motivation, the statistical application of the results to a problem of ball bearing data has been provided. It is observed that the new distribution is skewed to the right and bears most of the properties of skewed distribution. It is found that our newly proposed distribution fits better than size-biased Rayleigh and Maxwell distributions and many other distributions. Since many researchers have studied the procedure of the weighted distributions in the estates of forest, biomedicine and biostatistics etc., we hope in numerous fields of theoretical and applied sciences, the findings of this paper will be useful for the practitioners.

关键词： Exponential Distribution Moments Moment Ratios Estimation

Colorectal cancer fecal screening test completion after age 74,sources and outcomes in French program

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第9期11卷 729-740页

作者： Akoi Koivogui Christian Balamou Raushan Rymzhanova Tu Letrung Hamou Ait Hadad zahida Brixi Stéphane Cornelis Hélène Delattre-Massy Thomas Aparicio Robert Benamouzig Comité Départemental des Cancers(CDC-93) CRCDC-IDFSite de Seine-Saint-DenisBondy 93146France Office De Lutte contre les Cancers(ODLC-01) CRCDC-AURASite de l’AinBourg-en-Bresse 01000France Association pour le Depistage des Cancers(ADECA-FC) CRCDC-Bourgogne-Franche-ComteSite de Franche-ComteBesancon 25000France Prévention and Santé en Val-d’Oise(PSVO) Immeuble du CentaureCRCDCIDFSite de Val-d’OiseCergy Saint Christophe 95800France Association pour le Dépistage des Maladies Cancéreuses(ADMC91) CRCDC-IDFSite de l’EsonneCMC De BlignyBriis-sous-Forges 91640France Association de dépistage organisédes cancers(ADOC94) CRCDC-IDFSite de Val-de-MarneJoinville-le-Pont 94340France Association Icaunaise de Dépistage du Cancer(AIDEC) CRCDC-Bourgogne-Franche-ComtéSite de l’Yonne Saint-Georges-sur-Baulche 89000France Association pour le Dépistage Organisédes cancers(ADOC92) CRCDC-IDFSite des Hauts-de-SeineNanterre 92000France Service d'Hepato Gastro Enterologie Hopital Avicenne(AP-HP)Bobigny 93000France

BACKGROUND Elderly patients aged at least 75 years old(Elderly_75),represent 45%of colorectal cancer(CRC)*** others,the French Colorectal Cancer Screening Program(CRCSP)does not include Elderly_*** date,there is little evidence to justify stopping screening at 74 years of *** To describe CRC fecal screening test completion after age 74,source(CRCSP/Provider ordered)and outcomes of these *** The study concerned 18704 Elderly_75 residing in eleven French districts(Ain,Doubs,Essonne,Haute-Saone,Hauts-de-Seine,Jura,Seine-Saint-Denis,Territoire-de-Belfort,Val-de-Marne,Val-d'Oise,Yonne),having performed a CRC screening test between January 2008 and December *** tests performed in a circumstance of delayed response to a solicitation(DRS)from the local cancer screening managing center(Managing-Center)were distinguished from the tests non-solicited by the Managing-Center,performed after a recommendation by a General Practitioner(GP)or other provider ordered(RGP).DRS was any test realized by an Elderly_75 following an initial invitation from the ManagingCenter with a maximum 24 mo after this *** Non-DRS test was considered *** outcomes of these tests were described according to the circumstances of test *** Of 18995 screening-tests were performed at ages:75(83.5%),76-80(13.4%)and>80(3.1%)years ***_75 performed the screening test in a circumstance of DRS(71.9%)or RGP(28.1%).The proportion of the tests that could not be analyzed and not restarted was 13.2%.For these unanalyzed tests,the reason was age-related in 78.0%of cases,related to the laboratory's refusal to analyze the test of people aged≥*** colonoscopy completion rate was 81.3%.For those575 people with reported colonoscopy,no complication was listed.18.0%of the366 Elderly_75 with lesions had no anteriority in the *** neoplasia(124 Low-risk-polyps,159 High-risk-polyps,13 Unspecified-polyps and 70 CRCs)detection rate was 19.3/1000 Elderly_7

关键词： Colorectal cancer Fecal screening test Participation rate Colonoscopy completion rate Elderly