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Infectious disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 234-244页

作者： Ashley n.Micuda Mark R.Anderson Irina Babayan Erin Bolger Logan Cantin Gillian Groth Ry Pressman-Cyna Charlotte Z.Reed.n.ah J.Rowe Mehdi Shafiee Benjamin Tam Marie C.Vidal Tianai Ye Ryan d.Martin department of Physics Engineering Physics&AstronomyQueen's UniversityKingstonONCanada department of Medical Biophysics Western UniversityLondonONCanada department of Mathematics and Statistics Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada department of Biology Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nazarbayev UniversityNur-SultanKazakhstan Energetic Cosmos Laboratory Nazarbayev UniversityNur-SultanKazakhstan School of Computing Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada department of Physics University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom department of Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUnited States

This work introduces the Queen's University Agent-Based Outbreak Outcome Model(QUABOOM).This tool is an agent-based Monte Carlo simulation for modelling epidemics and informing public health *** illustrate the use of the model by examining capacity restrictions during a *** find that public health measures should focus on the few locations where many people interact,such as grocery stores,rather than the many locations where few people interact,such as small *** also discuss a case where the results of the simulation can be scaled to larger population sizes,thereby improving computational efficiency.

关键词： Monte-carlo Agent-based epidemic modelling COVId-19 Small business capacity restrictions Public health Basic reproductive number

Characterization of bright betatron radiation generated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in plasma of near critical d.n.ity

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： J.Cikhardt M.Gyrdymov S.Zähter P.Tavana M.M.Günther n.Bukharskii n.Borisenko J.Jacoby X.F.Shen A.Pukhov n.E.Andreev O.n.Rosmej Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Focused Energy GmbH Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany national Research nuclear University MEPhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute RAS Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation Heinrich-Heine-University düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany Joint Institute for High Temperatures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

directed x-rays produced in the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses of moderate relativistic intensity with plasma of near-critical d.n.ity are investigated. Synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of direct laser acceleration (dLA) of electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons undergo transverse betatron oscillations in self-generated quasi-static electric and magnetic fields. In anexperiment at the PHELIX laser system, high-current directed beams of dLA electrons with a mean energy ten times higher than the ponderomotive potential and maximum energy up to 100 MeV were measured at 10^(19) W/cm^(2)laser intensity. The spectrum of directed x-raysin the range of 5–60 keV was evaluated using two sets of Ross filters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propagation axis. The differential x-ray absorption method allowed for absolute measurements of the angular-depend.n. photon fluence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenergies >5 keV measured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of 10^(21) photons s^(−1) mm^(−2) mrad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The angular distributionof the emission has an FWHM of 14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-high photon fluence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short emissiontime, dLA-based keV backlighters are promising for various applications in high-energy-d.n.ity research with kilojoule petawatt-class laserfacilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

Microbial electricity-driven anaerobic phenol degradation in bioelectrochemical systems

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 40-47页

作者： Shixiang dai Falk Harnisch Micjel Chávez Morejòn nina Sophie Keller Benjamin Korth Carsten Vogt department of Environmental Microbiology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH-UFZLeipzigGermany department of Isotope Biogeochemistry Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH-UFZLeipzigGermany

Microbial electrochemical technologies have been extensively employed for phenol ***,previous research has yielded inconsistent results,leaving uncertainties regard.n. the feasibility of phenol degradation under strictly anaerobic conditions using anodes as sole terminal electron *** this study,we employed high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to investigate the anaerobic phenol degradation *** find.n.s provide robust evid.n.e for the purely anaerobic degradation of phenol,as we id.n.ified benzoic acid,4-hydroxybenzoic acid,glutaric acid,and other metabolites of this ***,no typical intermediates of the aerobic phenol degradation pathway were ***-chamber reactors(t0.4 V ***)exhibited a phenol removal rate of 3.5±0.2 mg L^(-1) d^(-1),while two-chamber reactors showed 3.6±0.1 and 2.6±0.9 mg L^(-1) d^(-1) at anode potentials of t0.4 and t 0.2 V,*** results also suggest that the reactor configuration certainly influenced the microbial community,presumably lead.n. to different ratios of phenol consumers and microorganisms feed.n. on degradation products.

关键词： Microbial electroremediation Geobacter Extracellular electron transfer Anaerobic phenol degradation Microbial syntrophy

A machine learning driven 3d+1d model for efficient characterization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 281-294页

作者： Yuwei Pan Haijun Ruan Billy Wu Yagya n.Regmi Huizhi Wang nigel P.Brandon department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK dyson School of design Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Centre for E-Mobility and Clean Growth Coventry UniversityCoventry CV15FBUK Manchester Fuel Cell Innovation Centre Department of Natural SciencesManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M15GDUK department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

The computational demands of 3d continuum models for proton exchange membrane fuel cells remain substantial. One prevalent approach is the hierarchical model combining a 2d/3d flow field with a 1d sub-model for the catalyst layers and membrane. However, existing studies often simplify the 1d domain to a linearized 0d lumped model, potentially resulting in significant errors at high loads. In this study, we present a computationally efficient neural network driven 3d+1d model for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The 3d sub-model captures transport in the gas channels and gas diffusion layers and is coupled with a 1d electrochemical sub-model for microporous layers, membrane, and catalyst layers. To reduce computational intensity of the full 1d description, a neural network surrogates the 1d electrochemical sub-model for coupling with the 3d domain. Trained by model-generated large synthetic datasets, the neural network achieves root mean square errors of less than 0.2%. The model is validated against experimental results under various relative humidities. It is then employed to investigate the nonlinear distribution of internal states under different operating conditions. With the neural network operating at 0.5% of the computing cost of the 1d sub-model, the hybrid model preserves a detailed and.n.nlinear representation of the internal fuel cell states while maintaining computational costs comparable to conventional 3d+0d models. The presented hybrid data-driven and physical modeling framework offers high accuracy and computing speed across a broad spectrum of operating conditions, potentially aid.n. the rapid optimization of both the membrane electrode assembly and the gas channel geometry.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Hierarchical model neural network Hybrid model

Aqueous electrochemical delithiation of cathode materials as a strategy to selectively recover lithium from waste lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 144-153,I0004页

作者： Pier Giorgio Schiavi Andrea Giacomo Marrani Olga Russina Ludovica d’Annibale Francesco Amato Francesca Pagnanelli Pietro Altimari department of Chemistry Sapienza University of RomePiazzale Aldo Moro n.500185 RomeItaly

Lithium recovery from end-of-life Li-ion batteries(LIBs)through pyro-and hydrometallurgical recycling processes involves several refining stages,with high consumption of reagents and energy.A competitive technological alternative is the electrochemical oxidation of the cathode materials,whereby lithium can be deintercalated and transferred to an electrolyte solution without the aid of chemical extracting *** article investigates the potential to selectively recover Li from LIB cathode materials by direct electrochemical extraction in aqueous *** process allowed to recovering up to 98%of Li from high-purity commercial cathode materials(LiMn_(2)O_(4),LiCoO_(2),and Li ni_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)Co_(1/3)O_(2))with a faradaic efficiency of 98%and.n.gligible co-extraction of Co,ni,and *** process was then applied to recover Li from the real waste LIBs black mass obtained by the physical treatment of electric vehicle battery *** black mass contained graphite,conductive carbon,and metal impurities from current collectors and steel cases,which significantly influenced the evolution and performances of Li electrochemical ***,due to concomitant oxidation of impurities,lithium extraction yields and faradaic efficiencies were lower than those obtained with high-purity cathode *** oxidation was found to occur within the voltage range investigated,but it could.n.t quantitatively explain the reduced Li extraction *** fact,a detailed investigation revealed that above 1.3 V ***/Ag Cl,conductive carbon can be oxidized,contributing to the decreased Li *** on the reported experimental results,guidelines were provided that quantitatively enable the extraction of Li from the black mass,while preventing the simultaneous oxidation of impurities and,consequently,reducing the energy consumption of the proposed Li recovery method.

关键词： Lithium recovery Lithium-ion batteries recycling Electrochemical lithium extraction Lithium selective Extraction

d.n.mics of 7Li breakup and its influence on elastic scattering: a study of 7Li + 144Sm system

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 124-134页

作者： A.Morzabayev n.Amangeldi Awad A.Ibraheem d.Soldatkhan G.Yergaliuly B.Mauyey Anuar.A.Orazalievna Sh.Hamada L.n.Gumilyov eurasian national university astanakazakhstan Institute of nuclear physics almatykazakhstan Physics department king khalid universityabhasaudi arabia Faculty of science tanta universitytantaegypt

The angular distributions of 7Li+144Sm elastic scattering over the energy range of 21.6–52 MeV are reanalyzed utilizing various interaction *** analysis aims to study the consistency of the implemented potentials in representing the considered data and investigate the cluster nature of the weakly bound 7Li *** will aid in the better understand.n. the impacts of 7Li breakup on the elastic scattering *** coupling to the breakup channel has a substantial impact on the elastic data and reproduces a repulsive d.n.mical polarization potential,which drastically diminishes the real potential *** reported impact was simulated by introducing a semi-microscopic repulsive dPP and by implementing the method of continuum discretized coupled *** analysis was also extended to understand the impact of triton transfer on the elastic scattering data.

关键词： phenomenological and semi-microscopic potentials cluster fold.n. d.n.mic polarization

基于氯化胆碱的低共熔体系在Au上电沉积无枝晶Zn

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Transactions of nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第7期34卷 2367-2380页

作者： Vesna S.CVETKOVIĆ nebojša d.n.KOLIĆ Tanja S.BARUdŽIJA Silvana B.dIMITRIJEVIĆ Jovan n.JOVIĆEVIĆ department of Electrochemistry Institute of ChemistryTechnology and MetallurgyUniversity of BelgradeNjegoševa 1211000 BelgradeSerbia Institute for nuclear Sciences Vinča University of BelgradeP.O.Box 52211001 BelgradeSerbia Mining and Metallurgy Institute Zeleni bulevar 3519210 BorSerbia

以氯化胆碱和乙二醇混合液为低共熔溶剂,不使用其他添加剂,电化学沉积无枝晶Zn/Au合金。在不同的Zn(Ⅱ)浓度下,采用恒电位电沉积法在相对较低的Zn电沉积过电位下进行电沉积。通过循环伏安法(CV)和计时安培法(CA)揭示Zn电沉积的电化学机... 详细信息

以氯化胆碱和乙二醇混合液为低共熔溶剂,不使用其他添加剂,电化学沉积无枝晶Zn/Au合金。在不同的Zn(Ⅱ)浓度下,采用恒电位电沉积法在相对较低的Zn电沉积过电位下进行电沉积。通过循环伏安法(CV)和计时安培法(CA)揭示Zn电沉积的电化学机理。采用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射分析(XRd)对沉积层的形貌和结构进行表征,并用能谱仪对沉积层进行元素分析。CV结果表明,Zn的电沉积始于Zn欠电位沉积区,并一直持续到Zn过电位沉积(OPd)区。随着Zn(Ⅱ)浓度的增加,Zn/Zn(Ⅱ)电偶的沉积电位向更高的正值偏移。CA分析表明,在Zn的OPd区开始三维渐进形核,随后形成三维生长。形貌分析表明,电沉积始于致密Zn岛的形成,随后形成无枝晶Zn/Au合金。XRd分析表明,其物相为金属Zn、立方AuZn3和Au Zn金属间化合物。

关键词：锌电沉积低共熔溶剂锌金合金形貌结构

Reference gene panel for urinary exosome-based molecular diagnostics in patients with kidney disease

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World Journal of nephrology 2024年第3期13卷 62-72页

作者： deendayal d Mishra Pramod K Maurya Swasti Tiwari department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014Uttar PradeshIndia

BACKGROUnd Kidney disease is a severe complication of diabetes that often leads to end-stage renal *** diagnosis is crucial for prevention or ***,the current diagnostic methods,with their limitations in detecting the disease in its early stages,underscore the urgency and importance of find.n. new *** encapsulated inside urinary exosomes(UEs)have potential as early biomarkers for kidney *** need for reference miRnAs for accurate interpretation currently limits their translational *** To id.n.ify consistently expressing reference miRnAs from UEs of controls and patients with type 2 diabetesmellitus(T2dM)and biopsy-confirmed kidney *** miRnA profiling was performed on UEs from 31 human urine samples using a rigorous and unbiased *** UEs were isolated from urine samples collected from healthy individuals(n=6),patients with T2dM(n=13),and T2dM patients who also had kidney diseases(includ.n. diabetic nephropathy,n=5;membranous nephropathy,n=5;and IgA nephropathy,n=2)through differential *** characterizing the UEs,miRnA expression profiling using microarray technology was *** Microarray data analysis id.n.ified 14 miRnAs that were consistently expressed in UEs from 31 human samples,representing various kidney conditions:diabetic controls,diabetic nephropathy,membrane nephropathy,IgA nephropathy,and healthy *** in silico analysis,we determined that 10 of these miRnAs had significant potential to serve as reference genes in *** We id.n.ified uniformly expressing UE miRnAs that could serve as reference genes kidney disease biomarkers.

关键词： miRnA Microarray Urinary exosomes diabetic nephropathy Type 2 diabetes mellitus Kidney disease

The new era of cardiovascular research:revolutionizing cardiovascular research with 3d models in a dish

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Medical Review 2024年第1期4卷 68-85页

作者： Yuan Yang Hao Yang Fedir n.Kiskin Joe Z.Zhang Institute of neurological and Psychiatric disorders Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute of neurological and Psychiatric disorders Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen 518132Guangdong ProvinceChina

Cardiovascular research has heavily relied on studies using patient samples and animal ***,patient studies often miss the data from the crucial early stage of cardiovascular diseases,as obtaining primary tissues at this stage is *** animal models can offer some insights into disease mechanisms,although they usually do not fully recapitulate the phenotype of cardiovascular diseases and their *** recent years,a promising breakthrough has emerged in the form of in vitro three-dimensional(3d)cardiovascular models utilizing human pluripotent stem *** innovative models recreate the intricate 3d structure of the human heart and vessels within a controlled *** advancement is pivotal as it addresses the existing gaps in cardiovascular research,allowing scientists to study different stages of cardiovascular diseases and specific drug responses using human-origin *** this review,we first outline various approaches employed to generate these *** then comprehensively discuss their applications in studying cardiovascular diseases by provid.n. insights into molecular and cellular changes associated with cardiovascular condi***,we highlight the potential of these 3d models serving as a platform for drug testing to assess drug efficacy and *** their immense potential,challenges persist,particularly in maintaining the complex structure of 3d heart and vessel models and ensuring their function is comparable to real ***,overcoming these challenges could revolutionize cardiovascular *** has the potential to offer comprehensive mechanistic insights into human-specific disease processes,ultimately expediting the development of personalized therapies.

关键词： pluripotent stem cells three-dimensional(3d)models cardiac microtissues cardiac organoids vessel organoids organ-on-a-chip

Erlotinib combination with a mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone effectively suppresses pancreatic cancer cell survival

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 714-726页

作者： Pui-Yin Leung Wenjing Chen Anissa n Sari Poojitha Sitaram Pui-Kei Wu Susan Tsai Jong-In Park department of Biochemistry Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States department of Surgery Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States

BACKGROUnd Pancreatic cancer is a lead.n. cause of cancer-related *** activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is often observed in pancreatic cancer,and the small molecule EGFR inhibitor erlotinib has been approved for pancreatic cancer therapy by the food and drug ***,erlotinib alone is ineffective and should be combined with other drugs to improve therapeutic *** previously showed that certain receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors can increase mitochondrial membrane potential(Δψm),facilitate tumor cell uptake ofΔψm-sensitive agents,disrupt mitochondrial homeostasis,and subsequently trigger tumor cell *** has not been tested for this *** To determine whether erlotinib can elevateΔψm and increase tumor cell uptake ofΔψm-sensitive agents,subsequently triggering tumor cell ***Δψm-sensitive fluorescent dye was used to determine how erlotinib affectsΔψm in pancreatic ad.n.carcinoma(PdAC)cell *** viability of conventional and patient-derived primary PdAC cell lines in 2d-and 3d cultures was measured after treating cells sequentially with erlotinib and mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone(MitoQ),aΔψm-sensitive *** synergy between erlotinib and MitoQ was then analyzed using SynergyFinder *** preclinical efficacy of the twodrug combination was determined using immune-compromised.n.de mice bearing PdAC cell line *** Erlotinib elevatedΔψm in PdAC cells,facilitating tumor cell uptake and mitochondrial enrichment ofΔψm-sensitive *** triggered caspase-depend.n. apoptosis in PdAC cells in culture if used at high doses,while erlotinib pretreatment potentiated low doses of *** suggested that these drugs synergistically induced tumor cell *** with in vitro data,erlotinib and MitoQ combination suppressed human PdAC cell line xenografts in mice more effectively than single treatments of each *** Our find.n.s suggest tha

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Erlotinib Mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone Mitochondria Combination therapy