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Numerical simulation of the separation between concrete face slabs and cushion layer of Zipingpu dam during the Wenchuan earthquake

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2016年第4期59卷 531-539,1-3页

作者： KONG XianJing LIU JingMao zou degao State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology Institute of Earthquake Engineering School of Hydraulic Engineering Dalian University of Technology

The Zipingpu concrete-faced rockfill dam(CFRD)experienced strong ground motion from the 2008 Wenchuan *** between concrete face slabs and the cushion layer was observed after the *** separation voids under the stage III slabs make up 55%of the total area of the stage III *** observed maximum height of the separation voids was nearly 23 cm at the top of the stage III *** voids were also observed locally below the top of stage II slabs near the left abutment,with a maximum height of 7 *** this study,a static and dynamic elasto-plastic finite element analysis on Zipingpu CFRD was conducted to capture the separation during the Wenchuan *** rockfill materials were described using a state-dependent elasto-plastic model that considered particle *** model parameters of rockfill materials were obtained from feedback *** numerical results were largely consistent with the field measurements during construction and after the Wenchuan earthquake.A three-dimensional state-dependent elasto-plastic model that can trace the separation and re-contact of a soil-structure interface was employed to investigate the interaction between concrete face slabs and a cushion *** analysis showed the distribution of separation voids observed in the Zipingpu CFRD has a close relationship to the water level and slab dislocations at the time of the *** phenomenon of the separation from the Wenchuan earthquake was successfully captured by the proposed numerical procedure.

关键词： separation Zipingpu Wenchuan earthquake elasto-plastic model interface rockfill feedback analysis

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Dynamic response of concrete face rockfill dam affected by polarity reversal of near-fault earthquake

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2022年第1期21卷 81-99页

作者： Jiang Qiuting zou degao Han Huichao Liu Jingmao State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023China School of Hydraulic Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023China

In China,an increasing number of high concrete face rockfill dams(CFRDs)are located in high intensity earthquake zones,some of which are close to the seismic fault *** suggest that near-fault ground motions are characterized by large one-sided velocity *** conventional dynamic analysis of dams,however,neglects the features of strong ground *** this study,under different ground motion levels some numerical dynamic studies considering the one-sided broadband pulses of near-fault earthquakes are presented for CFRDs based on a generalized plasticity model for rockfill *** results indicate that the displacements of dam crest corresponding to positive and reverse input of near-fault ground motion make a significant difference,while the displacements of the dam crest under artificial seismic waves are ***,using the horizontal and vertical components as simultaneous excitations near the faults,the displacements of the dam crest before and after reversing the motion produce a larger difference than that using a single *** importantly,the difference of horizontal displacements of the dam crest caused by polarity reversal of near-fault ground motions increases with the increase of earthquake *** to the randomness and uncertainties of earthquakes,using a stochastic near-field motion input as excitation without considering the polarity(i.e.,positive vs reversed waveform),does not necessarily obtain a conservative result.

关键词： near-fault ground motion polarity high concrete face rockfill dam dynamic response

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Stress-dilatancy of Zipingpu gravel in triaxial compression tests

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2016年第2期59卷 214-224页

作者： LIU JingMao zou degao KONG XianJing LIU HuaBei State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology Institute of Earthquake Engineering School of Hydraulic Engineering Dalian University of Technology School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Experimental investigations of the dilatancy and particle breakage of gravelly material from the Zipingpu concrete-faced rock- fill dam, which was subjected to high-intensity seismic load during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, were conducted through a series of large-scale drained triaxial compression tests. A hyperbolic relation between the input plastic work and the degree of particle breakage was found for Zipingpu gravel, independent of the initial void ratio and confining pressures. The stress-dilatancy for Zipingpu gravel was analyzed and compared with data from two rounded alluvial and three angular quar- ried gravelly and rockfill materials in the literature. A nearly linear relationship between the dilatancy Dp and the stress ratio η was found at medium-to-large stress ratios before the peak stress ratio. The slope of the stress-dilatancy line before peak had slight dependence on the void ratio and confining pressure of the gravel. After peak, the stress-dilatancy relation shifts down compared with that before peak for the gravel specimen. The phase-transformation stress ratio decreased with increased con- fining pressure, with the exception of sub-rounded gravel with little particle breakage. A nearly linear relationship was found between the phase-transformation stress ratio Mf and the state parameter ψ for the Zipingpu gravel, regardless of the void ratio and confining pressure of the specimens.

关键词： dilatancy gravel phase-transformation stress ratio triaxial compression state parameter particle breakage

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Seismic performance assessment of high CFRDs based on fragility analysis

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第4期62卷 635-648页

作者： PANG Rui XU Bin zou degao KONG XianJing School of Hydraulic Engineering Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology

Due to a large number of high concrete face rockfill dams(CFRDs) being constructed, the seismic safety is crucially important and seismic performance assessment must be performed for such dams. Fragility analysis is a method of great vitality for seismic performance assessment; it can intuitively forecast the structural effects of different ground motion intensities and provide an effective path for structure safety assessment. However, this method is rarely applied in the field of high earth dam risk *** paper introduces fragility analysis into the field of high CFRD safety assessment and establishes seismic performance assessment methods. PGA, Sa(T1, 5%), PGV and PGD are exploited as the earthquake intensity measure(IMs). Relative settlement ratio of dam crest, cumulative sliding displacement of dam slope stability and a new face-slab destroying index(based on DCR and COD) are regarded as the dam damage measures(DMs). The dividing standards of failure grades of high CFRDs are suggested based on each DM. Fragility function is estimated according to incremental dynamic analysis(IDA) and multiple stripes analysis(MSA) methods respectively from a large number of finite element calculations of a certain CFRD, and seismic fragility curves are determined for each DM. Finally, this study analyzes the failure probabilities of the dam under different earthquake intensities and can provide references and bases for the seismic performance design and safety risk assessment of high CFRDs.

关键词： high CFRDs seismic performance fragility analysis failure grades IDA MSA

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Effects of soil dynamic response on post-earthquake deformation of slopes based on nested Newmark model

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2020年第3期19卷 573-582页

作者： Zhou Zheng Gao Yufeng Zhang Fei Song Jian zou degao Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China The State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

Nested Newmark model(NNM)can obtain the post-earthquake profile of the slopes in limit equilibrium or limit analysis *** purpose of this study is to extend the NNM from the limit equilibrium method to a limit analysis method,and then involve the dynamic response of slopes into the prediction of the permanent displacement based on decoupled *** studies are carried out to further investigate the influences of slope height,soil shear wave velocity and input ground *** calculated results indicate that neglecting the dynamic response of slopes can underestimate the post-earthquake *** the slope height increases or shear wave velocity reduces,the underestimation is more *** the fundamental natural period of the site,the underestimation is particularly *** induced earthquake waves with a small value of mean period,the influence of the dynamic response can be ignored when the fundamental period deviates from the mean period.

关键词： soil dynamic limit

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A flexible various-scale approach for soil-structure interaction and its application in seismic damage analysis of the underground structure of nuclear power plants

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2018年第7期61卷 1092-1106页

作者： QU YongQian zou degao KONG XianJing XU Bin YU Xiang The State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology School of Hydraulic Engineering Dalian University of Technology

In simulations of geotechnical engineering, interface elements are versatile tools and are widely used in the modeling of the relative displacements between soils and structures. To consider the case of a local failure adjacent to a soil-structure interaction region, a partial mesh refinement should be performed. In this study, a three-dimensional(3 D) interface element with an arbitrary number of nodes is developed as a new technique to reduce the complexity and difficulty of managing the various scales between soil and structure. An asymmetric number of nodes is permissible on the two sliding surfaces. In this manner, soil and structure can be discretized independently, and the various-scale model is established conveniently and rapidly. The accuracy of the proposed method is demonstrated through numerical examples. The various-scale approach is employed in an elasto-plastic seismic damage analysis of a buried concrete drainage culvert of a nuclear power plant. The results indicate that by applying the proposed method, the number of elements decreased by 72.5%, and the computational efficiency improved by 59% with little influence on accuracy. The proposed method is powerful for local damage evolution analyses of both soil and structure and possesses great practical significance and the potential for further application, especially for nonlinear analysis of large-scale geotechnical engineering.

关键词： 3D interface element soil-structure interaction various-scale underground structure elasto-plastic analysis seismicdamage

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Numerical analysis of dislocations of the face slabs of the Zipingpu Concrete Faced Rockfill Dam during the Wenchuan earthquake

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2011年第4期10卷 581-589页

作者： Kong Xianjing Zhou Yang zou degao Xu Bin Yu Long The State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Institute of Earthquake Engineering School of Hydraulic Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China

The Zipingpu Concrete Faced Rockfill Dam （CFRD） was obviously damaged during the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. A wide range of dislocations occurred along the horizontal construction joints at EL. 845m, between the face slabs constructed in the second and third stages. The maximum displacement of the dislocations reached 17cm. In this study, the slab dislocations were investigated using finite element （FE） analysis. The method based on strain potential was applied to compute the permanent deformation of the Zipingpu Dam during the Wenchuan earthquake. The calculated magnitude of the slab dislocation showed good agreements with the field measurements. The dislocation mechanism was discussed. The results show that the dislocation of the concrete slab is a subsequent damage after the permanent deformation of the rockfill materials. The effects of the shear strength and the direction of the construction joints, the reservoir water level and the seismic waves were studied. The shear strength and the direction of the construction joints, reservoir water level and have a significant effect on the dislocation displacement. The dislocation can be effectively reduced by measures such as changing the direction of the construction joints or improving the shear strength at the horizontal joints.

关键词： Zipingpu CFRD construction joints dislocation numerical simulation Wenchuan earthquake

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Seismic cracking analyses of two types of face slab for concrete-faced rockfill dams

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2017年第4期60卷 510-522页

作者： KONG XianJing ZHANG Yu zou degao QU YongQian YU Xiang State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China School of Hydraulic Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China

Estimating the cracking capacity of the face slab and recommending effective crack-control measures are important for the anti-seismic safety of concrete-faced rockfill dams(CFRDs). In this paper, two-dimensional analyses of CFRDs are performed to simulate the seismic cracking behavior of conventional reinforced concrete(RC) face slab and a type of composite face slab. The composite face slab is composed of a ductile fiber-reinforced cement-based composite(DFRCC) layer and an RC substrate. For this purpose, a co-axial rotating smeared crack model for concrete and DFRCC is coupled with the generalized plasticity model for the rockfill material, and then implemented in a finite element program. The results show that during strong earthquakes,an RC slab is more likely to develop a penetrating macro-crack in its thickness dimension. In contrast, the crack-controlling composite slab demonstrates excellent resistance to seismic cracking, and no penetrating macro-cracks are observed. Major harmful cracks that form in the concrete substrate are stopped by the DFRCC layer in composite slabs.

关键词： CFRD face slab seismic cracking failure DFRCC

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高面板堆石坝地震响应比较——基于新、旧《水电工程水工建筑物抗震设计规范》

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水力发电学报 2017年第2期36卷 102-111页

作者：张宇孔宪京邹德高大连理工大学水利工程学院辽宁大连116024

《水电工程水工建筑物抗震设计规范》(NB 35047—2015)在《水工建筑物抗震设计规范》(DL 5073—2000)基础上,对标准设计反应谱曲线进行了修订。本文以某实际工程为背景,通过对250 m高典型面板坝进行二维有限元动力计算,对比分析了分别... 详细信息

《水电工程水工建筑物抗震设计规范》(NB 35047—2015)在《水工建筑物抗震设计规范》(DL 5073—2000)基础上,对标准设计反应谱曲线进行了修订。本文以某实际工程为背景,通过对250 m高典型面板坝进行二维有限元动力计算,对比分析了分别在新、旧规范谱人工地震波作用下,面板坝的频响特性及动力响应的差异。研究结果表明,在新规范谱人工地震波作用下坝体瞬时动位移、面板瞬时动应力、坝体总惯性力(最大加速度)、震后坝体永久变形以及面板震后应力等响应分量均较旧规范谱人工地震波作用有所增加,且坝坡的局部稳定性有所降低。据此,期望工程界关注新规范人工地震波作用下面板坝抗震安全性可能降低,并建议必要时对已建或在建工程进行抗震复核。

关键词：高面板堆石坝抗震设计规范设计反应谱地震响应

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覆盖层中混凝土防渗墙的三维河谷效应机制及损伤特性

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水利学报 2019年第9期50卷 1123-1134页

作者：余翔孔宪京邹德高周扬郑州大学水利科学与工程学院河南郑州450001 大连理工大学水利工程学院辽宁大连116024 大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室辽宁大连116024

土石坝覆盖层中混凝土防渗墙的性能对大坝设计及安全评价至关重要,由于传统数值方法局限于非线性弹性,难以开展深入研究。本文首先通过系统的三维非线性有限元数值模拟,聚焦墙体变形模式及应力分布空间特征,研究三维河谷效应机制;然后... 详细信息

土石坝覆盖层中混凝土防渗墙的性能对大坝设计及安全评价至关重要,由于传统数值方法局限于非线性弹性,难以开展深入研究。本文首先通过系统的三维非线性有限元数值模拟,聚焦墙体变形模式及应力分布空间特征,研究三维河谷效应机制;然后针对墙体计算应力超过材料强度的现象,开发了混凝土三维塑性损伤模型和堆石体本构模型协同分析的自适应增量迭代算法,揭示了防渗墙的损伤-应力特性;最后讨论了防渗墙性能评价分析的思路。结果表明:在墙体弯曲变形及覆盖层负摩阻力的联合作用下,防渗墙的三维河谷效应表现突出:墙体拉应力的方向偏于轴向,随弯曲变形增大逐渐向竖向偏转,且其峰值存在临界坡度和临界深度。线弹性分析便于认识防渗墙的受力-变形-应力规律,但不适用于评估复杂条件下墙体的防渗性能。损伤分析能描述混凝土的材料特性,反映墙体结构的破损特征,其损伤因子可与防渗性能建立联系,用于评价防渗墙安全更加合理和准确。

关键词：覆盖层混凝土防渗墙河谷效应损伤安全评价

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