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激光诱导荧光技术与地下水重金属原位检测应用进展

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岩矿测试 2025年第1期44卷 19-34页

作者：毛康薛家奇陈卓张华中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室贵州贵阳550081

对地下水重金属污染进行现场检测,是快速识别重金属种类和评价污染程度的重要手段。激光诱导荧光技术(LIF)利用特定荧光探针,在目标重金属存在下,通过激光诱导荧光探针产生/猝灭荧光,从而完成对重金属的识别和检测,具有快速甄别地下水... 详细信息

对地下水重金属污染进行现场检测,是快速识别重金属种类和评价污染程度的重要手段。激光诱导荧光技术(LIF)利用特定荧光探针,在目标重金属存在下,通过激光诱导荧光探针产生/猝灭荧光,从而完成对重金属的识别和检测,具有快速甄别地下水重金属污染特性和无损获取其价态的优势。本文在简述LIF检测重金属原理和LIF原位检测地下水重金属装备基础上,重点从荧光探针合成及其在重金属传感检测方法的构建上总结了基于不同荧光探针的LIF现场检测重金属的研究进展。目前可用于重金属检测的荧光探针包括以小分子探针、有机大分子和聚集诱导发光为主的有机荧光探针和以金纳米簇、量子点和金属有机框架材料为代表的纳米荧光探针。这些探针的合成及其对应的传感检测方法的构建表明LIF技术在地下水重金属检测中具有巨大优势。而针对地下水重金属检测的LIF设备研发方面的成果虽不如荧光传感检测方法丰富,但已研制出部分重金属的传感器和检测装备,表现出良好的应用前景。未来研究将会聚焦在地下水重金属主控因子识别和抗干扰技术研发、荧光探针合成与LIF检测方法构建、重金属传感部件和检测装备集成研制,以及检测技术标准化,为后续场地地下水典型重金属LIF检测技术的研究提供参考。

关键词：地下水重金属激光诱导荧光荧光探针现场检测

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MJ1061汽车异常振动的试验研究

淮阴工学院学报 2002年第3期11卷 1-3,14页

作者：陈效华朱学华焦庆宏南京理工大学江苏南京210094 南京汽车技术研究所江苏南京210094

针对某1061汽车在中速行驶条件下产生异常振动的问题,本文采用试验方法对产生异常振动的可能因素进行了分析研究,最终确定了轮胎的不均匀性是主要的影响因素,根据生产和使用现状,提出了确实可行的改进措施,使1061汽车的异常振动现象得... 详细信息

针对某1061汽车在中速行驶条件下产生异常振动的问题,本文采用试验方法对产生异常振动的可能因素进行了分析研究,最终确定了轮胎的不均匀性是主要的影响因素,根据生产和使用现状,提出了确实可行的改进措施,使1061汽车的异常振动现象得到了有效控制。

关键词：汽车异常振动试验

Gold Nanoparticle-based Colorimetric Sensor for pH Sensing

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2008年第5期24卷 537-540页

作者： zhu Lin xue Dong-hua WANG Zhen-xin School of Biological Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changehun 130012 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Eleetroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China

We present a newly designed colorimetric sensor sensitive to pH value based on a gold nanocomposite composed of gold nanoparticles and pH-sensitive polymer{dodecylthioether end functionalized poly[2-（diethylamino） ethyl methacrylate], poly（DEAEMA）-DDT}. We have shown that this design can produce stable GNP precipitate under weakly basic condition（pH=7.5） and this precipitate can be dispersed in acidic solution（pH=4.0）, due to the 2-（diethylamino） ethyl methacrylate protonated by H＋. The precipitation-dispersion process is reversible and accompanied by distinct color change that are clearly visible to the naked eye. This development may have application in the controlled fabrication of reversible pH-sensitive nanostructures and/or devices.

关键词： Gold nanocomposite pH sensing Polymer ligand

壬基酚(NP)对罗氏沼虾幼虾生长和性别分化的影响

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水产学报 2011年第3期35卷 365-371页

作者：朱春华薛海波李郁娇黄国钟刘易洋李广丽广东海洋大学水产学院

采用外部形态观察和性腺组织学连续切片方法,确定罗氏沼虾幼虾的性别分化时期,并探讨壬基酚(NP)对罗氏沼虾幼虾(体长约1.5 cm)生长和性别分化的影响。结果表明,罗氏沼虾仔虾后15 d出现生殖原基;仔虾后24 d,部分仔虾第四至第五步足基部... 详细信息

采用外部形态观察和性腺组织学连续切片方法,确定罗氏沼虾幼虾的性别分化时期,并探讨壬基酚(NP)对罗氏沼虾幼虾(体长约1.5 cm)生长和性别分化的影响。结果表明,罗氏沼虾仔虾后15 d出现生殖原基;仔虾后24 d,部分仔虾第四至第五步足基部明显凹陷,腹甲出现皱折和突起,并出现生殖管;仔虾后45 d,部分仔虾第二游泳足内侧出现雄性附肢,性腺明显区分为精巢和卵巢。处理时间短于15 d,NP对罗氏沼虾幼虾生长无显著影响;但处理超过20 d,NP以明显的剂量依存关系显著抑制罗氏沼虾体长和体重(P<0.05)。实验结束时(30 d),对照组个体均已完成性别分化,精巢和卵巢内分别出现大量精原细胞和卵原细胞,但NP处理组无法鉴定性别的幼虾比例随NP剂量增加而增加。研究表明,罗氏沼虾幼虾外部性征出现略早于内部性征的分化,早期性别分化发生在仔虾变态后21～45 d;此外,NP可能通过干扰蜕皮及卵黄蛋白原合成从而抑制罗氏沼虾幼虾生长和精巢发育。

关键词：罗氏沼虾幼虾生长发育性别分化

Einstein Probe discovery of EP240408a: A peculiar X-ray transient with an intermediate timescale

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 222-240页

作者： Wenda Zhang Weimin Yuan Zhixing Ling Yong Chen Nanda Rea Arne Rau Zhiming Cai huaqing Cheng Francesco Coti Zelati Lixin Dai Jingwei Hu Shumei Jia Chichuan Jin Dongyue Li Paul O’Brien Rongfeng Shen Xinwen Shu Shengli Sun Xiaojin Sun Xiaofeng Wang Lei Yang Bing Zhang Chen Zhang Shuang-Nan Zhang Yonghe Zhang Jie An David Buckley Alexis Coleiro Bertrand Cordier Liming Dou Rob Eyles-Ferris Zhou Fan hua Feng Shaoyu Fu Johan P.U.Fynbo Lluis Galbany Saurabh W.Jha Shuaiqing Jiang Albert Kong Erik Kuulkers Weihua Lei Wenxiong Li Bifang Liu Mingjun Liu Xing Liu Yuan Liu zhu Liu Chandreyee Maitra Alessio Marino Itumeleng Monageng Kirpal Nandra Jeremy Sanders Roberto Soria Lian Tao Junfeng Wang Song Wang Tinggui Wang Zhongxiang Wang Qingwen Wu xuefeng Wu Dong Xu Yanjun Xu Suijian xue Yongquan xue Zijian Zhang Zipei zhu Hu Zou Congying Bao Fansheng Chen Houlei Chen Tianxiang Chen Wei Chen Yehai Chen Yifan Chen Chenzhou Cui Weiwei Cui Yanfeng Dai Dongwei Fan Ju Guan Dawei Han Dongjie Hou Haibo Hu Maohai huang Jia Huo Zhenqing Jia Bowen Jiang Ge Jin Chengkui Li Junfei Li Longhui Li Maoshun Li Wei Li Zhengda Li Tianying Lian Congzhan Liu Heyang Liu huaqiu Liu Fangjun Lu Laidan Luo Jia Ma Xuan Mao Haiwu Pan Xin Pan Liming Song Hui Sun Yunyin Tan Qingjun Tang Yihan Tao Hao Wang Juan Wang Lei Wang Wenxin Wang Yilong Wang Yusa Wang Qinyu Wu Haitao Xu Jingjing Xu Xinpeng Xu Yunfei Xu Zhao Xu Changbin xue Yulong xue Ailiang Yan Haonan Yang Xiongtao Yang Yanji Yang Juan Zhang Mo Zhang Wenjie Zhang Zhen Zhang Zhen Zhang Ziliang Zhang Donghua Zhao Haisheng Zhao Xiaofan Zhao Zijian Zhao Hongyan Zhou Yilin Zhou Yuxuan zhu Zhencai zhu National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Space Sciences (ICE) CSIC Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics University of Hong Kong School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen University Department of Physics Anhui Normal University Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Physics Department Tsinghua University Nevada Center for Astrophysics University of Nevada Las Vegas Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nevada Las Vegas South African Astronomical Observatory Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Department of Physics University of the Free State Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie Université Paris Cité CEA Paris-Saclay IRFU/DAp-AIM Department of Astronomy Guangzhou University Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers the State University of New Jersey Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo ESA/ESTEC Department of Astronomy School of Physics huazhong University of Science and Technology INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Sydney Institute for Astronomy School of Physics The University of Sydney Department of Astronomy Xiamen University Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Deep Space Sciences Deep Space Exploration Laboratory Department of Astronomy School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chi

We report the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient,EP240408a,by Einstein Probe （EP） and follow-up studies made with EP,Swift,NICER,GROND,ATCA and other ground-based multiwavelength *** new transient was first detected with Wide-field X-ray Telescope （WXT） on board EP on April 8th,2024,manifested in an intense yet brief X-ray flare lasting for *** flare reached a peak flux of 3.9×10-9erg cm-2s-1in 0.5-4 ke V,～300 times brighter than the underlying X-ray emission detected throughout the *** and more precise follow-up observations by EP/FXT,Swift and NICER confirmed the finding of this new *** X-ray spectrum is non-thermal in 0.5-10 ke V,with a power-law photon index varying *** X-ray light curve shows a plateau lasting for ～4 d,followed by a steep decay till becoming undetectable ～10 d after the initial *** on its temporal property and constraints from previous EP observations,an unusual timescale in the range of 7-23 d is found for EP240408a,which is intermediate between the commonly found fast and long-term *** counterparts have been found in optical and near-infrared,with the earliest observation at 17 h after the initial X-ray detection,suggestive of intrinsically weak emission in these *** demonstrate that the remarkable properties of EP240408a are inconsistent with any of the transient types known so far,by comparison with,in particular,jetted tidal disruption events,gamma-ray bursts,X-ray binaries and fast blue optical *** nature of EP240408a thus remains an *** suggest that EP240408a may represent a new type of transients with intermediate timescales of the order of～10 *** detection and follow-ups of more of such objects are essential for revealing their origin.

关键词： X-ray transients ${\bm~{Einstein~~Probe}}$

妊娠期高血压疾病患者真实心理体验质性研究的Meta整合

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医学信息 2023年第12期36卷 43-48页

作者：陈玉玲祝雪花汪丹丹程范易浙江中医药大学护理学院

目的系统整合妊娠期高血压疾病患者真实心理体验的质性研究。方法检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library、及中国知网（CNKI）、万方（Wanfang）、维普（VIP）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）中收录的关于妊娠... 详细信息

目的系统整合妊娠期高血压疾病患者真实心理体验的质性研究。方法检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library、及中国知网（CNKI）、万方（Wanfang）、维普（VIP）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）中收录的关于妊娠期高血压疾病患者真实心理体验的质性研究文献，检索时限为建库至2022年7月。采用澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健中心创立的汇集性整合法对研究结果进行整合。结果共纳入6篇研究，经Meta整合后提炼出70个研究结果，归纳为7个类别，形成3个整合结果：疾病认知与体验，疾病困难与支持，治疗护理漏洞与需求。结论妊娠期高血压患者对疾病认识不足，内心情绪复杂，承受身体和心理的双重不适；医护人员应及时了解患者心理情绪变化，做好疾病相关宣教和知识普及，持续推进和优化妊娠期高血压疾病治疗与护理，改善患者不良体验。

关键词：妊娠期高血压疾病孕产妇心理体验 Meta整合

Nd :YAG激光照射后封闭治疗老年人早期根面龋的实验研究

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上海口腔医学 2001年第2期10卷 151-153页

作者：管志江朱命炜刘振卿张学云朱雪华谭成柱中国人民解放军第371医院口腔科河南新乡453000 河南师范大学生命科学院实验中心电镜室河南新乡453000

目的　探讨Nd :YAG激光对老年人早期根面龋的治疗作用。方法　选择 6 0岁以上病人的早期根面龋离体牙若干颗 ,分别用不同功率Nd :YAG激光照射龋损部 ,然后用光敏窝沟封闭剂封闭 ,在扫描电镜下进行观察。结果　扫描电镜下见早期根面龋呈... 详细信息

目的　探讨Nd :YAG激光对老年人早期根面龋的治疗作用。方法　选择 6 0岁以上病人的早期根面龋离体牙若干颗 ,分别用不同功率Nd :YAG激光照射龋损部 ,然后用光敏窝沟封闭剂封闭 ,在扫描电镜下进行观察。结果　扫描电镜下见早期根面龋呈蜂窝状或蚕蚀状 ,Nd :YAG激光照射后呈熔融状 ,封闭后根面龋损区表面光滑。结论　Nd

关键词：早期根面龋治疗 Nd:YAG激光光敏窝沟封闭型治疗

Design by Analogy:Achieving More Patentable Ideas from One Creative Design

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2018年第2期31卷 25-34页

作者： Li-Zhen Jia Chun-Long Wu xue-Hong zhu Run-hua Tan Civil Aviation University of China Hebei University of Technology National Engineering Research Center for Technological Innovation Method and Tool

A patent is a kind of technical document to protect intellectual property for individuals or enterprises. Patentable idea generation is a crucial step for patent application and analogy is confirmed to be an effective technique to inspire creative ideas. Analogy?based design usually starts from representation of an analogy source and is followed by the retrieval of appropriate analogs, mapping of design knowledge and adaptation of target solution. To diffuse one core idea into other new contexts and achieve more patentable ideas, this paper mainly centered on the first two stages of analogy?based design and proposed a patentable ideation framework. The analogical information of the source system, including source design problems and solution, was mined comprehensively through International Patent Classification analysis and represented in the form of function, behavior and structure. Three heuristics were suggested for searching the set of candidate target systems with a similar design problem, where the source design could be transferred. To systematize the process of source representation, analogs retrieval, idea transfer, and solution generation, an ideation model was put forward. Finally, the bladeless fan was selected as a source design to illustrate the application of this work. The design output shows that the representation and heuristics are beneficial, and this systematic ideation method can help the engineer or designer enhance creativity and discover more patentable opportunities.

关键词： Design by analogy Patentable idea generation IPC analysis Idea transfer heuristics Bladeless fan

Chaotic characteristics and attractor evolution of friction noise during friction process

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Friction 2018年第1期6卷 47-61页

作者： Cong DING hua zhu Guodong SUN Yuankai ZHOU xue ZUO School of Mechatronic Engineering China University of Mining and Technology School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing for Marine Mechanical Equipment Jiangsu University of Science and Technology

Friction experiments are conducted on a ring-on-disk tribometer, and friction noise produced during the friction process is extracted by a microphone. The phase trajectory and chaotic parameters of friction noise are obtained by phase-space reconstruction, and its attractor evolution is analyzed. The results indicate that the friction noise is chaotic because the largest Lyapunov exponent is positive. The phase trajectory of the friction noise follows a "convergence-stability-divergence" pattern during the friction process. The friction noise attractor begins forming in the running-in process, and the correlation dimension D increases gradually. In the stable process, the attractor remains steady, and D is stable. In the last step of the process, the attractor gradually disappears, and D decreases. The friction noise attractor is a chaotic attractor. Knowledge of the dynamic evolution of this attractor can help identify wear state changes from the running-in process to the steady and increasing friction processes.

关键词： friction noise phase trajectory chaotic parameters Lyapunov exponent chaotic attractor