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Role of the globus pallidus in motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1628-1643页

作者： Yimiao Jiang Zengxin Qi Huixian zhu Kangli Shen Ruiqi Liu Chenxin Fang Weiwei Lou Yifan Jiang Wangrui Yuan xin Cao Liang Chen Qianxing zhuang Department of Physiology School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Huashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina National Center for Neurological Disorders ShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration ShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Institute of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

The globus pallidus plays a pivotal role in the basal ganglia circuit. Parkinson's disease is characterized by degeneration of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra, which leads to dopamine deficiency in the brain that subsequently manifests as various motor and non-motor symptoms. This review aims to summarize the involvement of the globus pallidus in both motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease. The firing activities of parvalbumin neurons in the medial globus pallidus, including both the firing rate and pattern, exhibit strong correlations with the bradykinesia and rigidity associated with Parkinson's disease. Increased beta oscillations, which are highly correlated with bradykinesia and rigidity, are regulated by the lateral globus pallidus. Furthermore,bradykinesia and rigidity are strongly linked to the loss of dopaminergic projections within the cortical-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop. Resting tremors are attributed to the transmission of pathological signals from the basal ganglia through the motor cortex to the cerebellum-ventral intermediate nucleus circuit. The cortico–striato–pallidal loop is responsible for mediating pallidi-associated sleep disorders. Medication and deep brain stimulation are the primary therapeutic strategies addressing the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease. Medication is the primary treatment for motor symptoms in the early stages of Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation has been clinically proven to be effective in alleviating symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease,particularly for the movement disorders caused by levodopa. Deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus internus can improve motor function in patients with tremordominant and non-tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus externus can alter the temporal pattern of neural activity throughout the basal ganglia–thalamus network. Therefore, the comp

关键词： anxiety basal ganglia bradykinesia deep brain stimulation depression globus pallidus externus globus pallidus internus lateral globus pallidus medial globus pallidus neural circuit Parkinson's disease

不同类型小麦品种籽粒蔗糖含量变化与淀粉积累特征的研究

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扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版） 2011年第3期32卷 47-51页

作者：谭彩霞封超年郭文善朱新开李春燕彭永欣扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室江苏扬州225009 金陵科技学院学报编辑部江苏南京211169

以不同类型(强筋、中筋、弱筋、糯性)小麦品种为试材,研究小麦灌浆期籽粒可溶性总糖、蔗糖及灌浆期、成熟期淀粉积累动态。结果表明:不同类型麦品种间,可溶性总糖和蔗糖含量由大到小依次为糯小麦Wx11、弱筋小麦宁麦9号、中筋小麦淮麦18... 详细信息

以不同类型(强筋、中筋、弱筋、糯性)小麦品种为试材,研究小麦灌浆期籽粒可溶性总糖、蔗糖及灌浆期、成熟期淀粉积累动态。结果表明:不同类型麦品种间,可溶性总糖和蔗糖含量由大到小依次为糯小麦Wx11、弱筋小麦宁麦9号、中筋小麦淮麦18、强筋小麦中优9507,总淀粉及其组分积累量无论是灌浆期还是成熟期由大到小均依次为强筋小麦中优9507、中筋小麦淮麦18、弱筋小麦宁麦9号、糯小麦Wx11。

关键词：小麦可溶性总糖蔗糖淀粉

FACE条件下O3浓度增高对小麦产量和籽粒充实的影响

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中国农业科学 2011年第6期44卷 1100-1108页

作者：朱新开刘晓成孙陶芳郭文善朱建国冯兆忠 Kazhuhiko Kobayashi 扬州大学农学院/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室中国科学院南京土壤研究所东京大学农学与生命科学学院

【目的】探讨近地层大气O3浓度增高对小麦生产的影响。【方法】2007—2009年度应用FACE研究平台,以O3自然浓度(A-O3)为对照,设计O3浓度增高50%(E-O3)进行对比试验,采用烟农19、扬麦16、嘉兴002、扬麦15和扬辐麦2号等5个品种为对象,研究... 详细信息

【目的】探讨近地层大气O3浓度增高对小麦生产的影响。【方法】2007—2009年度应用FACE研究平台,以O3自然浓度(A-O3)为对照,设计O3浓度增高50%(E-O3)进行对比试验,采用烟农19、扬麦16、嘉兴002、扬麦15和扬辐麦2号等5个品种为对象,研究大气O3浓度增高50%对不同基因型小麦品种籽粒产量及其构成因素的影响。【结果】O3浓度增高显著降低小麦籽粒产量,降幅为10.10%—34.51%,平均为19.74%,品种、年度间存在显著或极显著差异。O3浓度增高条件下千粒重降低17.88%(10.16%—29.47%);每穗粒数下降3.47%(-1.53%—11.90%),但穗数平均较对照增加0.95%(-14.58%—23.74%),处理、品种和年度间存在显著或极显著差异。O3浓度增高50%使籽粒长、宽、厚和籽粒体积分别减小0—4.16%、7.95%—20.24%、2.66%—11.00%和8.5%—31.5%;皱缩指数增大0.23%—36.66%,籽粒灌浆速率降低,籽粒充实度变化为-21.40%—3.76%,最终导致粒重降低。【结论】FACE条件下O3浓度增高使籽粒灌浆物质来源不足,籽粒库容变小,充实度降低,粒重变小,最终导致小麦籽粒产量下降。

关键词：小麦 FACE O3浓度增高籽粒产量籽粒充实度

扬麦系列品种的淀粉糊化特性及Wx蛋白缺失分析

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麦类作物学报 2007年第1期27卷 55-58,79页

作者：高德荣郭文善程顺和封超年朱新开彭永欣扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室江苏扬州225009 国家小麦改良中心扬州分中心江苏扬州225007

为了明确扬麦系列品种(系)的淀粉品质特点,为生产应用和淀粉品质的改良提供依据,测定了扬麦系列品种(系)及国内部分其他小麦品种(系)的RVA参数,并分析了它们的Wx蛋白缺失情况及其对RVA参数的影响。结果表明,扬麦系列品种(系)的峰值粘度... 详细信息

为了明确扬麦系列品种(系)的淀粉品质特点,为生产应用和淀粉品质的改良提供依据,测定了扬麦系列品种(系)及国内部分其他小麦品种(系)的RVA参数,并分析了它们的Wx蛋白缺失情况及其对RVA参数的影响。结果表明,扬麦系列品种(系)的峰值粘度和稀懈值极显著高于供试的北方小麦;低谷粘度和最终粘度显著高于北方小麦和南方小麦;反弹值显著高于南方小麦。扬麦系列品种(系)的Wx-B1缺失比例较高,为18.18%。Wx-B1缺失的扬麦系列品种的峰值粘度和稀懈值显著高于不缺失Wx-B1的扬麦系列品种,而其它RVA参数差异不显著,但部分Wx-B1不缺失的扬麦系列品种(系)也具有较好的淀粉糊化品质。

关键词：小麦 RVA参数糯蛋白 Wx-B1缺失

不同Wx蛋白缺失类型小麦穗发芽特性的初步研究

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作物学报 2006年第12期32卷 1917-1919页

作者：高德荣郭文善程顺和封超年朱新开彭永欣扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室江苏扬州225009 国家小麦改良中心扬州分中心江苏扬州225007

以11份Wx蛋白全部缺失类型(糯性),11份Wx蛋白部分缺失类型(非糯性)和大面积推广品种扬麦158、扬麦12(非糯性)为试验材料,以白皮品种豫麦47为穗发芽对照,研究了它们的穗发芽特性、α-淀粉酶活性和籽粒可溶性糖含量。结果表明,糯小麦的穗... 详细信息

以11份Wx蛋白全部缺失类型(糯性),11份Wx蛋白部分缺失类型(非糯性)和大面积推广品种扬麦158、扬麦12(非糯性)为试验材料,以白皮品种豫麦47为穗发芽对照,研究了它们的穗发芽特性、α-淀粉酶活性和籽粒可溶性糖含量。结果表明,糯小麦的穗发芽率和籽粒可溶性糖含量均极显著高于非糯小麦,而α-淀粉酶活性与非糯小麦差异不显著。α-淀粉酶活性高是非糯小麦穗发芽的原因之一,两者呈指数关系,y=0.4145e0.4864x(R2=0.3513*);对于糯小麦,籽粒可溶性糖含量高可能是其穗发芽严重的诱导因素,两者亦呈指数关系,y=0.0001e2.5599x(R2=0.5338**)。

关键词：小麦 Wx蛋白穗发芽 α-淀粉酶可溶性糖

Impacts of the annual cycle of background SST in the tropical Pacific on the phase and amplitude of ENSO

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 12-17页

作者： Song Jiang Congwen zhu Ning Jiang State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather(LASW) Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijingChina College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The dominant annual cycle of sea surface temperature(SST)in the tropical Pacific exhibits an antisymmetric mode,which explains 83.4%total variance,and serves as a background of El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).However,there is no consensus yet on its anomalous impacts on the phase and amplitude of *** on data during 1982-2022,results show that anomalies of the antisymmetric mode can affect the evolution of ENSO on the interannual scale via Bjerknes feedback,in which the positive(negative)phase of the antisymmetric mode can strengthen El Niño(La Niña)in boreal winter via an earlier(delayed)seasonal cycle transition and larger(smaller)annual *** magnitude of the SST anomalies in the equatorial eastern Pacific can reach more than±0.3◦C,regulated by the changes in the antisymmetric mode based on random sensitivity *** reveal the spatial pattern of the annual cycle associated with the seasonal phase-locking of ENSO evolution and provide new insight into the impact of the annual cycle of background SST on ENSO,which possibly carries important implications for forecasting ENSO.

关键词： Annual cycle SST anomaly Antisymmetric mode ENSO

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密度与氮肥运筹对宁麦9号氮代谢的调控效应

扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版） 2007年第2期28卷 42-46页

作者：李春燕蒋小忠张影郭文善封超年朱新开彭永欣扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/扬州大学小麦研究所江苏扬州225009

在大田试验条件下,研究密度与氮肥运筹对弱筋小麦品种宁麦9号植株氮代谢变化的影响,分析氮素运转与籽粒品质、产量的关系。结果表明:增加密度、降低施氮量或氮肥施用前移可显著降低植株氮素积累;各处理叶片氮素转运量和转运氮对籽粒的... 详细信息

在大田试验条件下,研究密度与氮肥运筹对弱筋小麦品种宁麦9号植株氮代谢变化的影响,分析氮素运转与籽粒品质、产量的关系。结果表明:增加密度、降低施氮量或氮肥施用前移可显著降低植株氮素积累;各处理叶片氮素转运量和转运氮对籽粒的贡献率最高,其次为茎鞘,颖壳及穗轴最低。氮素转运量与转运效率呈显著正相关(r=0.7837~*)。适当降低花后14～35 d硝酸还原酶活性,籽粒蛋白质含量降低,籽粒品质改善。宁麦9号采用密度为240万·hm^(-2)、施氮量为240 kg·hm^(-2)和基肥、壮蘖肥、倒2叶肥比为7:1:2,可实现优质高产。

关键词：弱筋小麦密度氮代谢宁麦9号

Satellite remote sensing reveals overwhelming recovery of forest from disturbances in Asia

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 46-51页

作者： Yiying zhu Hesong Wang Anzhi Zhang School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Regional Climate and Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqiChina

Forest ecosystems play key roles in mitigating human-induced climate change through enhanced carbon uptake;however,frequently occurring climate extremes and human activities have considerably threatened the stability of *** the same time,detailed accounts of disturbances and forest responses are not yet well quantified in *** study employed the Breaks For Additive Seasonal and Trend method-an abrupt-change detection method-to analyze the Enhanced Vegetation Index time series in East Asia,South Asia,and Southeast *** approach allowed us to detect forest disturbance and quantify the resilience after *** showed that 20%of forests experienced disturbance with an increasing trend from 2000 to 2022,and Southeast Asian countries were more severely affected by ***,95%of forests had robust resilience and could recover from disturbance within a few *** resilience of forests suffering from greater magnitude of disturbance tended to be stronger than forests with lower disturbance *** summary,this study investigated the resilience of forests across the low and middle latitudes of Asia over the past two *** authors found that most forests exhibited good resilience after disturbance and about two-thirds had recovered to a better state in *** findings of this study underscore the complex relationship between disturbance and resilience,contributing to comprehension of forest resilience through satellite remote sensing.

关键词： Forest ecosystem Enhanced vegetation index Breaks for additive seasonal and trend method Disturbance Resilience

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中药桑寄生种质资源评价

时珍国医国药 2014年第9期25卷 2225-2227页

作者：裴河欢朱开昕李静苏本伟赵明惠李永华广西钦州市中医药研究所广西钦州535000 广西中医药大学药学院广西南宁530001

目的评价筛选出优良的桑寄生种质资源,为我区桑寄生种质资源新品种选育提供基础材料。方法 2008~2010年在我区境内采集桑寄生种质资源21份,引种至广西钦州市种质资源圃,对其生长发育、产量、抗逆性等进行跟踪测量与记录,采用超声提取总... 详细信息

目的评价筛选出优良的桑寄生种质资源,为我区桑寄生种质资源新品种选育提供基础材料。方法 2008~2010年在我区境内采集桑寄生种质资源21份,引种至广西钦州市种质资源圃,对其生长发育、产量、抗逆性等进行跟踪测量与记录,采用超声提取总黄酮、甲醇-盐酸（4∶1）回流提取槲皮素,分别用紫外分光光度法、高效液相色谱仪测定其含量。结果将21个品种的性状分析进行整合,综合评价21个桑寄生品种得出,以生长发育、产量、抗逆性以及药材总黄酮含量综合指标确定桑寄生优质种源,优质种源标准要求生长发育为Ⅰ等级,单株产量130 g以上,成活率95%以上,桑寄生总黄酮与槲皮素含量分别达到24.0mg/g与4.0mg/g以上。结论经对各指标进行综合考量,初步筛选出优质种源3个,分别为来自于钦州市、南宁市与玉林市,原寄主植物分别为杨桃、夹竹桃与龙眼,果型均属椭圆形表皮具疣状突起的种源类型。

关键词：桑寄生种质资源评价