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有机物料与化肥配施提升土壤肥力、养分利用和玉米产量研究

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中国土壤与肥料 2024年第4期 76-82页

作者：杨凯杜延全张西兴王明伟李延锋朱建强长江大学农学院湖北荆州434025 中化农业临沂研发中心山东临沂276000

为探究不同有机物料的施肥效应,指导有机物料合理利用,促进作物高产稳产。进行了有机物料与化肥配施试验,以玉米为供试作物,设置5个处理,分别为单施化肥(CK)、羊粪+化肥(AF)、木薯渣+化肥(PF)、木本泥炭+化肥(MF)、味精废浆料+化肥(IF)... 详细信息

为探究不同有机物料的施肥效应,指导有机物料合理利用,促进作物高产稳产。进行了有机物料与化肥配施试验,以玉米为供试作物,设置5个处理,分别为单施化肥(CK)、羊粪+化肥(AF)、木薯渣+化肥(PF)、木本泥炭+化肥(MF)、味精废浆料+化肥(IF),研究了等有机物料与化肥用量条件下不同处理对土壤理化性质和玉米养分吸收及产量的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,AF、PF、MF和IF处理的土壤有机质含量分别提升了8.96%、18.60%、7.93%和24.67%,且各处理提升了土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量,MF处理降低了土壤电导率,除AF处理外,其他处理均降低了土壤pH;其中,IF处理土壤有机质含量最高,PF处理土壤碱解氮和速效钾含量最高,AF处理土壤有效磷含量最高。施用有机物料增加了玉米植株的养分含量和积累量,提高了玉米产量;其中,IF处理玉米茎叶的氮和钾含量与积累量均最高,籽粒的钾积累量也最高;AF处理玉米茎叶的磷含量和积累量最高,籽粒的钾含量也最高;PF处理玉米籽粒的磷含量和积累量最高。施用有机物料提高了玉米产量及产量构成因素,其中,MF处理玉米穗粒数最多,PF处理玉米穗重最高,IF处理玉米百粒重最高;相比CK,AF、PF、MF和IF处理的玉米产量分别提高了9.97%、16.22%、7.65%和17.03%,其中,IF处理的增产效果最好。可见,不同有机物料与化肥配施均可以改善土壤理化性质,促进玉米养分吸收利用,提高玉米产量,但不同有机物料的影响不同。

关键词：有机物料土壤肥力养分吸收产量玉米

化肥与不同有机物料配施对土壤有机碳组分及土壤水稳性团聚体的影响

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土壤通报 2024年第3期55卷 707-715页

作者：杨凯李延锋张西兴王明伟杜延全朱建强长江大学农学院湖北荆州434025 中化农业临沂研发中心山东临沂276000

【目的】通过探究化肥与不同有机物料配施对土壤水稳性团聚体和有机碳组分的影响,为增加土壤碳固存,改善土壤结构,指导有机物料合理利用提供科学依据。【方法】进行化肥与有机物料配施试验,以玉米为供试作物,设置5个处理,分别为单施化肥... 详细信息

【目的】通过探究化肥与不同有机物料配施对土壤水稳性团聚体和有机碳组分的影响,为增加土壤碳固存,改善土壤结构,指导有机物料合理利用提供科学依据。【方法】进行化肥与有机物料配施试验,以玉米为供试作物,设置5个处理,分别为单施化肥(CK)、化肥+羊粪(AF)、化肥+木薯渣(PF)、化肥+木本泥炭(MF)、化肥+味精废浆料(IF),测定不同处理下土壤有机碳组分和水稳性团聚体含量。【结果】与CK相比,各施用不同有机物料处理的土壤总有机碳(TOC)含量提高了7.93%~24.67%,可溶性有机碳(DOC)、易氧化有机碳(ROC)、微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量均有增加;其中,IF处理的TOC、ROC含量最高,MBC含量最低;AF处理的DOC含量最高;MF处理的MBC含量最高,而TOC、DOC、ROC含量均最低。不同有机物料处理的活性碳组分在总有机碳中的分配比率均有差异,相比CK,仅有AF处理的DOC/TOC有所增加,而各施用有机物料处理的ROC/TOC和MBC/TOC均有增加。施用有机物料明显增加了1~2 mm和0.5~1 mm粒级的土壤水稳性团聚体含量,有利于>0.25 mm粒径大团聚体的形成,且各处理的土壤水稳性团聚体在2~5 mm粒级内占比最高。施用有机物料后,土壤水稳性大团聚体含量提高了17.64%~30.48%,土壤水稳性团聚体的平均重量直径(MWD)表现为AF>PF>IF>MF>CK的变化趋势。相关性分析表明,DOC与土壤水稳性团聚体大团聚体含量(MR>0.25)、MWD和GMD之间呈显著正相关,说明DOC含量越高,土壤团聚体稳定性越强。【结论】施用味精废浆料对土壤有机碳的提升效果最好,施用羊粪后土壤水稳性团聚体稳定性最好。

关键词：有机物料有机碳活性碳组分土壤水稳性团聚体固碳培肥

Evolution of MnO–SiO2–Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO inclusions during heat treatment at 1100℃

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第5期31卷 1221-1231页

作者： Xu-bo Lei jian-li Li qiang Zeng Hang-yu zhu Yue Yu The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina

To investigate the evolutionary behavior of the MnO–SiO_(2)–Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO inclusions during heat treatment,water quenched samples were isothermally held at 1100°C for 120 min in Ar and air atmosphere,and the obtaining samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive *** showed that 3MnO·Al_(2)O_(3)·3SiO_(2)and MnO·SiO_(2)were detected in the 5 wt.%MgO system after isothermal holding in Ar atmosphere,while MgO·Al_(2)O_(3),MnO·SiO_(2)and Mn7O8·SiO4 were detected in air *** evolutionary behavior of the 10,15 and 20 wt.%MgO systems after isothermal holding in different atmosphere were *** affected the solid phase transformation of the low MgO content *** calculation results of FactSage 8.1 showed that MgO·Al_(2)O_(3)was formed in the 5 wt.%MgO system with air *** solid phase transformation was accompanied by grain coarsening during the isothermal holding *** differences in the solid phase transformation in different atmosphere of the 5 wt.%MgO system indicated that it was a gas-phase transport grain coarsening *** enrichment of Al element in the liquid phase region at the grain edges,the homogeneous distribution of Mg element and the disappearance of the liquid phase within the crystal revealed that other MgO content systems were liquid–solid transport grain coarsening mechanism.

关键词： Evolution Glassy phase Inclusion Heat treatment MgO·Al_(2)O_(3)

A novel fracture-cavity reservoir outcrop geological knowledge base construction method considering parameter collection and processing, mutual transformation of data-knowledge, application and update

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2184-2202页

作者： Qi-qiang Ren Jin-Liang Gao Peng zhu Meng-Ping Li jian-Wei Feng qiang Jin San Zhang Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of Technology PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development School of Energy Chengdu University of Technology School of Resources and Geosciences China University of Mining and Technology School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum (East China) School of Geosciences Yangtze University

This study endeavors to formulate a comprehensive methodology for establishing a Geological Knowledge Base(GKB) tailored to fracture-cavity reservoir outcrops within the North Tarim Basin. The acquisition of quantitative geological parameters was accomplished through diverse means such as outcrop observations, thin section studies, unmanned aerial vehicle scanning, and high-resolution cameras. Subsequently, a three-dimensional digital outcrop model was generated, and the parameters were standardized. An assessment of traditional geological knowledge was conducted to delineate the knowledge framework, content, and system of the GKB. The basic parameter knowledge was extracted using multiscale fine characterization techniques, including core statistics, field observations, and microscopic thin section analysis. Key mechanism knowledge was identified by integrating trace elements from filling, isotope geochemical tests, and water-rock simulation experiments. Significant representational knowledge was then extracted by employing various methods such as multiple linear regression, neural network technology, and discriminant classification. Subsequently, an analogy study was performed on the karst fracture-cavity system(KFCS) in both outcrop and underground reservoir settings. The results underscored several key findings:(1) Utilization of a diverse range of techniques,including outcrop observations, core statistics, unmanned aerial vehicle scanning, high-resolution cameras, thin section analysis, and electron scanning imaging, enabled the acquisition and standardization of data. This facilitated effective management and integration of geological parameter data from multiple sources and scales.(2) The GKB for fracture-cavity reservoir outcrops, encompassing basic parameter knowledge, key mechanism knowledge, and significant representational knowledge, provides robust data support and systematic geological insights for the intricate and in-depth examination of the genetic

关键词： Geological knowledge base Karst fracture-cavity system Mutual transformation of data-knowledge Knowledge base content and application Tarim basin

A Lens Assisted Phase Microscope Based on Ptychography

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第8期29卷 143-145页

作者： PAN Xing-Chen LIN qiang LIU Cheng zhu jian-qiang Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800

Based on the recently developed ptychographical iterative engine(PIE),we suggest a lens assisted microscopy to realize quantitative phase imaging without using *** sample is imaged with a lens system;a pinhole on the image plane scans the image at a proper step interval;the diffraction pattern is recorded simultaneously by a CCD at Fresnel *** a slightly changed PIE algorithm,the phase image of the sample can be accurately reconstructed from the recorded diffraction *** main advantage of this suggested method lies in its capability to retrieve the phase information from the recorded intensity directly,and thus it has more flexibility over conventional interferometric *** feasibility of the suggested method is verified by reconstructing the modulus and phase image of a biological sample from a set of 10 by 10 diffraction patterns,and the result matches the analysis well.

关键词： record image slightly

Super-Resolved Digital Holography Based on the Coherent Diffraction Imaging Scheme

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第5期30卷 82-84页

作者： WANG Bao-Sheng PAN Xing-Chen WANG Hai-Yan CHENG Jun GAO Shu-Mei LIU Cheng zhu jian-qiang College of Sciences Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214000 Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800

An algorithm is proposed to enhance the resolution of digital holography by retrieving the frequency components lost in common holograms.A pinhole is placed directly behind the specimen to record the hologram,and an iterative scheme commonly used in coherent diffraction imaging is adopted for the *** some of the frequency components lost in common digital holography can be properly retrieved,the resolution of the reconstructed image is remarkably *** analysis and computer simulations are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of this proposed technique.

关键词： Holography holograms properly

Multicolored Bipartite Ramsey Numbers of Large Cycles

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第2期40卷 347-357页

作者： Shao-qiang LIU Yue-jian PENG College of Mathematics and Statistics Hanshan Normal UniversityChaozhou 521041China School of Mathematics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

For an integer r≥2 and bipartite graphs Hi,where 1≤i≤r,the bipartite Ramsey number br(H1,H2,…,Hr)is the minimum integer N such that any r-edge coloring of the complete bipartite graph KN;N contains a monochromatic subgraph isomorphic to Hi in color i for some 1≤i≤*** show that if r≥3;α1,α2>0,αj+2≥[(j+2)!-1]Σi=1^(j+1)α1 for j=1,2…r-2,then br(C2[α1n],C2[α2n],…,C2[αrn]=(Σ=j=1^(r)a j+o(1))n.

关键词： ramsey number bipartite ramsey number regularity lemma

Finite-Time Stabilization for Constrained Discrete-time Systems by Using Model Predictive Control

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第7期11卷 1656-1666页

作者： Bing zhu Xiaozhuoer Yuan Li Dai Zhiwen qiang IEEE the Seventh Research Division Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China the School of Automation Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

In this paper, a model predictive control(MPC)framework is proposed for finite-time stabilization of linear and nonlinear discrete-time systems subject to state and control constraints. The proposed MPC framework guarantees the finite-time convergence property by assigning the control horizon equal to the dimension of the overall system, and only penalizing the terminal cost in the optimization, where the stage costs are not penalized explicitly. A terminal inequality constraint is added to guarantee the feasibility and stability of the closed-loop *** feasibility can be improved via augmentation. The finite-time convergence of the proposed MPC is proved theoretically,and is supported by simulation examples.

关键词： Constraints deadbeat control finite-time stabilization model predictive control(MPC)

Impact of initial fluctuations and nuclear deformations in isobar collisions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 155-162页

作者： jian-Fei Wang Hao-Jie Xu Fu-qiang Wang Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Science Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Strong-Coupling Physics International Research Laboratory(SPiRL) Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Relativistic isobar^(96)_(44)Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)Zrcollisions have revealed intricate differences in their nuclear size and shape,inspiring unconventional studies of nuclear structure using relativistic heavy ion *** this study,we investigate the relative differences in the mean multiplicityR_()and the secondR_(ε2)and third-order eccentricityR_(ε3)between isobar collisions using initial state Glauber *** is found that initial fluctuations and nuclear deformations have negligible effects on R_()in most central collisions,while both are important for the R_(ε2)and R_(ε3),the degree of which is sensitive to the underlying nucleonic or sub-nucleonic degree of *** features,compared to real data,may probe the particle production mechanism and the physics underlying nuclear structure.

关键词： Relativistic isobar collisions Initial fluctuations Nuclear deformation