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Fish genome manipulation and directional breeding

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第2期58卷 170-177页

作者： YE Ding zhu zuoyan SUN YongHua State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Aquaculture is one of the fastest developing agricultural industries *** of the most important factors for sustainable aquaculture is the development of high performing culture *** manipulation offers a powerful method to achieve rapid and directional breeding in *** review the history of fish breeding methods based on classical genome manipulation,including polyploidy breeding and nuclear ***,we discuss the advances and applications of fish directional breeding based on transgenic technology and recently developed genome editing *** methods offer increased efficiency,precision and predictability in genetic improvement over traditional methods.

关键词： fish directional breeding polyploidy breeding nuclear transfer transgenic fish genome editing

Integration mechanisms of transgenes and population fitness of GH transgenic fish

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第4期53卷 401-408页

作者： HU Wei &zhu zuoyan State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China

It has been more than 20 years since the first batch of transgenic fish was produced. Five stable germ-line transmitted growth hormone (GH) transgenic fish lines have been generated. This paper reviews the mechanisms of integration and gene targeting of the transgene, as well as the viability, reproduction and transgenic approaches for the reproductive containment of GH-transgenic fish. Further, we propose that it should be necessary to do the following studies, in particularly, of the breeding of transgenic fish: to assess the fitness of transgenic fish in an aqueous environment with a large space and a complex structure; and to develop a controllable on-off strategy of reproduction in transgenic fish.

关键词： transgene integration mechanism GH transgenic fish population fitness

Molecular basis and genetic improvement of economically important traits in aquaculture animals

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第15期57卷 1751-1760页

作者： GUI JianFang zhu zuoyan State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China

Aquaculture has been believed to be a major Chinese contribution to the world. In recent 20 years, genome and other genetic technologies have promoted significant advances in basic studies on molecular basis and genetic improvement of aquaculture animals, and complete genomes of some main aquaculture animals have been sequenced or announced to be sequenced since the beginning of this century. Here, we review some significant breakthrough progress of aquaculture genetic improvement technologies including genome technologies, somatic cell nuclear transfer and stem cell technologies, outline the molecular basis of several economically important traits including reproduction, sex, growth, disease resistance, cold tolerance and hypoxia tolerance, and present a series of candidate trait-related genes. Finally, some application cases of genetic improvement are introduced in aquaculture animals, especially in China, and several development trends are highlighted in the near future.

关键词：水产养殖动物重要经济性状遗传改良分子基础体细胞核移植技术基因技术水产养殖业基因组序列

Chromosomal in situ hybridization of Cyprinus carpio genomic DNA repetitive sequence CR1

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第24期44卷 2242-2246页

作者： Zequn Wang zuoyan zhu Chinese Acad Sci Inst Hydrobiol State Key Lab Freshwater Ecol & Biotechnol Wuhan 430072 Peoples R China

Common carp Cyprinus carpio genomic DNA repetitive sequence CR1 has been DIG-labeled and hybridized in situ against chromosomes of red common carp ( Cyprinus carpio L. Xingguo red var.). It is found that the repetitive sequence CR1 is mainly localized at the cen-tromeric regions of chromosomes of the red common carp. The application of the

关键词： common carp repetitive sequences chromosomal in situ hybridization DIG-labeling.

A perspective on fish gonad manipulation for biotechnical applications

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第1期51卷 1-7页

作者： HU wei WANG Yaping zhu zuoyan State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China

The gonad is an essential organ for gen- erating sperm and ova in vertebrates. This review describes several pilot studies on gonad gene manipulation and development in fish. With antisense RNA techniques, we suppressed the gonad devel- opment, and thus the fertility, of an antisense gonad- otropin-releasing hormone (sGnRH) transgenic common carp. Then, using a tissue-specific exoge- nous gene excision strategy with sexual compensa- tion, we knocked out the gonad-specific transgene. Under the control of the rainbow trout protamine promoter, the transgenic fish expressed the reporter gene eGFP specifically in the spermary. These re- sults indicate that the fish gonad is a new model or- gan that can improve contemporary biotechnology experiments. Herein we discuss the potential of fish gonad manipulation for resolving important biosafety problems regarding transgenic fish generation and producing the new transgenic animal bioreactor.

关键词：输异基因鱼生物技术性腺脊椎动物 RNA

Celebrating 90 years of Peking University School of Life Sciences(1925–2015)

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第11期58卷 1055-1056页

作者： XU ZhiHong zhu zuoyan School of Life Sciences Peking University

The Department of Biology at Peking University was established in 1925,with *** Xi Hong as its inaugural department *** 1993,the department was renamed the School of Life *** the past 90 years,a steady stream of students has enrolled in the department in order to explore the secrets of life and to dedicate themselves to the advancement of society.

关键词：生命科学学院北京大学生物学

Father of biological cloning in China

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Protein & Cell 2010年第9期1卷 793-794页

作者： zuoyan zhu Ming Li Le Kang Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China College of Life Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Dizhou Tong(***)is a well-familiar name in China,as there is a story about him in one of the elementary school *** story describes how he came from a poor family and could not go to middle school until the age of 17,and how his resolution and diligence made him a successful *** in the academic community,he is remembered and respected for another reason—the outstanding achievement of cross-species cloning in fish.

关键词： remember cloning story

Progress in the evaluation of transgenic fish for possible ecological risk and its containment strategies

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2007年第5期50卷 573-579页

作者： HU Wei WANG YaPing zhu zuoyan State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China

Genetically improved transgenic fish possess many beneficial economic traits; however, the commer-cial aquaculture of transgenic fish has not been performed till date. One of the major reasons for this is the possible ecological risk associated with the escape or release of the transgenic fish. Using a growth hormone transgenic fish with rapid growth characteristics as a subject, this paper analyzes the following: the essence of the potential ecological risks posed by transgenic fish; ecological risk in the current situation due to transgenic fish via one-factor phenotypic and fitness analysis, and mathe-matical model deduction. Then, it expounds new ideas and the latest findings using an artificially simulated ecosystem for the evaluation of the ecological risks posed by transgenic fish. Further, the study comments on the strategies and principles of controlling these ecological risks by using a trip-loid approach. Based on these results, we propose that ecological risk evaluation and prevention strategies are indispensable important components and should be accompanied with breeding re-search in order to provide enlightments for transgenic fish breeding, evaluation of the ecological risks posed by transgenic fish, and development of containment strategies against the risks.

关键词： transgenic fish, ecological risks, countermeasures

Cloning and expression analysis in mature individuals of two chicken type-Ⅱ GnRH (cGnRH-Ⅱ) genes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2004年第4期47卷 349-358页

作者： LI Shuangfei HU Wei WANG Yaping zhu zuoyan State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a conservative neurodecapeptide fam-ily, which plays a crucial role in regulating the gonad development and in controlling the final sexual maturation in vertebrate. Two differing cGnRH-II cDNAs of common carp, namely cGnRH-II cDNA1 and cDNA2, were firstly cloned from the brain by rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE) and reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The length of cGnRH-II cDNA1 and cDNA2 was 622 and 578 base pairs (bp), respectively. The cGnRH-II pre-cursors encoded by two cDNAs consisted of 86 amino acids, including a signal peptide, cGnRH-II decapeptide and a GnRH-associated peptide (GAP) linked by a Gly-Lys-Arg proteolytic site. The results of intron trapping and Southern blot showed that two differing cGnRH-II genes in common carp genome were further identified, and that two genes might exist as a single copy. The multi-gene coding of common carp cGnRH-II gene offered novel evidence for gene duplica-tion hypothesis. Using semi-quantitative RT-PCR, expression and relative expression levels of cGnRH-II genes were detected in five dissected brain regions, pituitary and gonad of common carp. With the exception of no mRNA2 in ovary, two cGnRH-II genes could be expressed in all the detected tissues. However, expression levels showed an apparent difference in different brain regions, pituitary and gonad. According to the expression characterization of cGnRH-II genes in brain areas, it was presumed that cGnRH-II might mainly work as the neurotransmitter and neuromodulator and also operate in the regulation for the GnRH releasing. Then, the ex-pression of cGnRH-II genes in pituitary and gonad suggested that cGnRH-II might act as the autocrine or paracrine regulator.

关键词： gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH) gene cloning expression analysis common carp(Cyprinus carpio)