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77份建兰种质表型性状多样性分析

热带作物学报 2025年第1期46卷 59-69页

作者：朱尾银福建省林业科技试验中心福建漳州363600

以77份建兰种质作为供试材料,分析21个数量性状和12个质量性状的表型性状多样性。结果表明:数量性状的变异系数(CV)在14.72%~42.79%范围内变异程度较大。其中,花长度的CV值最低(14.72%),说明此性状在各个种质之间相对稳定。花序梗数量... 详细信息

以77份建兰种质作为供试材料,分析21个数量性状和12个质量性状的表型性状多样性。结果表明:数量性状的变异系数(CV)在14.72%~42.79%范围内变异程度较大。其中,花长度的CV值最低(14.72%),说明此性状在各个种质之间相对稳定。花序梗数量的CV值最高(42.79%),其次是花朵数(41.67%)。同时,Shannon-Wiener指数(I)均接近5,种质数量性状多样性相当高。在质量性状二元分析中,种质的萼片斑点或条纹(颜色)分布比例相近,花部萼片斑点或条纹的表现形式丰富。质量性状CV大小范围为9.86%~83.81%,变异程度也较大。其中,叶姿的CV值最低(9.86%),唇瓣形状的CV值最高(83.81%),萼片颜色居次之(70.69%)。另外,质量性状的I指数数值范围在4~5之间,种质质量性状的多样性相当高。质量性状的辛普森指数(D)范围在0.985~0.991之间,接近数值1,种质的质量性状分布较为均匀,多样性程度较高。对建兰种质33个表型性状进行主成分分析,按照特征根值大于1为原则,提取出前10个主成分。前10个主成分的特征值分别是6.406、4.475、2.840、2.425、2.139、1.619、1.517、1.430、1.163、1.038,累积贡献率为75.917%。花部位数量性状占据的主成分权重较大,是建兰主要的表型性状指标。对77份建兰种质采用欧式距离(Euclidean distance)进行系统聚类分析,得到树状聚类图。在欧氏距离的15处可将种质分为五大群体,群体表型性状主要特征集中在数量性状,尤其在花部位数量性状占据的主成分权重较大,这与主成分分析结果一致。研究通过形态学性状的多样性分析,探讨了建兰品种间的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,为科学管理和保护建兰种质资源提供依据,同时也为未来的建兰育种工作提供宝贵的遗传材料。

关键词：建兰数量性状质量性状主成分分析聚类分析

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太湖底泥磷释放量及释放规律的研究综述

湖泊科学 2025年第1期37卷 14-35页

作者：朱伟侯豪刘环许小格朱瑜星陈诺曹俊林乃喜河海大学环境学院南京210098 河海大学土木与交通学院南京210098 河海大学水科学研究院南京210098

太湖是我国最为重要的湖泊之一,是国家湖泊治理的重点。自2007年水危机以来,太湖治理累计投入超2620亿元,是世界上治理力度最大的湖泊。2016年以来太湖出现磷反弹,2020年开始显著好转,2023年水华减少。太湖蓝藻水华与磷的响应相对显著,... 详细信息

太湖是我国最为重要的湖泊之一,是国家湖泊治理的重点。自2007年水危机以来,太湖治理累计投入超2620亿元,是世界上治理力度最大的湖泊。2016年以来太湖出现磷反弹,2020年开始显著好转,2023年水华减少。太湖蓝藻水华与磷的响应相对显著,回顾太湖磷十余年来的研究,关于底泥内源释放对水体总磷贡献的说法不一,这对于太湖整体磷负荷的认识及内源治理措施的制定产生了重要影响。针对太湖底泥磷的源汇、释放量以及释放规律,本文对国内外关于湖泊底泥磷释放的监测、实验、计算等研究进行系统回顾,对关于太湖底泥释放方面的研究进行梳理。通过比较和分析,尝试形成对太湖底泥磷释放规律和范围的一些基本认识。通过综述总结提出了“总源”“总汇”“净源”“净汇”的概念,并对可能成为“净源”的5个过程的发生条件和释放强度进行分析。认为Fick扩散释放是可以恒常性发生的过程,而在具备条件才发生的过程中,DO<2 mg/L后出现的磷还原释放是比较主要的过程,需要重点关注。“净源”是否发生应该依据实际湖泊的环境条件开展动态释放实验来判断。太湖目前虽然处于“总汇”状态,但“净源”是显著存在的,明确“净源”存在的位置和发生的时段对于太湖内源治理非常重要。

关键词：太湖底泥磷释放源汇质量平衡释放实验

FeCrNiCoCu合金疲劳性能及缺陷演变的分子动力学研究

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第4期42卷 81-86页

作者：朱和军常州工业职业技术学院常州213164

疲劳失效是机械构件的重要失效形式之一,因此本文通过分子动力学模拟方法在应变量ε=0.08下,对高熵合金FeCrNiCoCu合金进行20次循环加载模拟,以探究了高熵合金FeCrNiCoCu合金的疲劳力学性能和组织演变.结果发现,在循环加载过程中,FeCrNi... 详细信息

疲劳失效是机械构件的重要失效形式之一,因此本文通过分子动力学模拟方法在应变量ε=0.08下,对高熵合金FeCrNiCoCu合金进行20次循环加载模拟,以探究了高熵合金FeCrNiCoCu合金的疲劳力学性能和组织演变.结果发现,在循环加载过程中,FeCrNiCoCu模型存在明显的循环软化和循环硬化现象,且循环软化和循环硬化交替出现.通过对模型组织分析发现每个循环周期结束后,有残余位错和层错,这些缺陷直接影响到下一周期的疲劳应力.通过对模型中总能量和无序原子百分比的统计分析可知,模型的总能量呈升高的趋势.模型中无序原子的百分比逐渐升高,最后稳定在0.09左右,无序原子对位错的生成和湮灭有直接的影响,进而影响循环硬化和循环软化.

关键词：循环加载分子动力学疲劳变形微观缺陷演化

Boosting aqueous nickel-zinc battery stability with bimetallic ion-integrated 1D metal-organic nanowires

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yihao Chen Jin Liang Yichun Su Guoyin zhu Hengyue Xu Hongye Ding Guangxun Zhang Dianheng Yu Zizhou Shen Yizhou Zhang Wei Huang Huan Pang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE) School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing University

Limited by low conductivity,designing cathode materials with excellent electron transfer efficiency for high-performance nickel-zinc batteries （NZBs） remains *** this study,a series of bimetallic metal-organic nanowires were fabricated by doping M ions in NiNTA,resulting in NiMNTA (M=Mg2+,Mn2+,Co2+,Zn2+,Ag+),and NixCo6-xNTA （x=1,2,3,4,5）.The proportions and types of metal ions can be modified without altering the initial coordination structure.X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy （XAFS） revealed that only M–O bonds,not metal bonds,were present in the *** performance of Ni2Co4NTA as the cathode for aqueous NZBs was significantly improved,achieving the maximum energy density of 279.17Wh kg-1with the high cycle stability （retention rate of 72.0%after 1,000 cycles）.The flexible Ni2Co4NTA//Zn@carbon cloth battery employing gel electrolyte also exhibits the excellent Coulombic efficiency of 96%after 350 *** approach shows considerable potential for designing one-dimensional materials with bimetallic modifications,providing new strategies for developing cathode materials for NZBs with high specific capacity and cycle stability.

关键词：

Peri-centrosomal localization of small interfering RNAs in C. elegans

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Qile Jin Xuezhu Feng Minjie Hong Ke Wang Xiangyang Chen Jiewei Cheng Yan Kuang Xiaoyue Si Mingjing Xu Xinya Huang Shouhong Guang Chengming zhu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC The USTC RNA Institute Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Life Sciences Division of Life Sciences and Medicine Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province University of Science and Technology of China School of Basic Medicine Anhui Medical University

The centrosome is the microtubule-organizing center and a crucial part of cell division. Centrosomal RNAs(cnRNAs) have been reported to enable precise spatiotemporal control of gene expression during cell division in many species. Whether and how cnRNAs exist in C. elegans are unclear. Here, using the nuclear RNAi Argonaute protein NRDE-3 as a reporter, we observed potential peri-centrosome localized small interfering(si)RNAs in C. elegans. NRDE-3 was previously shown to associate with pre-mRNAs and pre-rRNAs via a process involving the presence of complementary siRNAs. We generated a GFP-NRDE-3 knock-in transgene through CRISPR/Cas9 technology and observed that NRDE-3 formed peri-centrosomal foci neighboring the tubulin protein TBB-2, other centriole proteins and pericentriolar material(PCM)components in C. elegans embryos. The peri-centrosomal accumulation of NRDE-3 depends on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(RdRP)-synthesized 22G siRNAs and the PAZ domain of NRDE-3, which is essential for siRNA binding. Mutation of eri-1, ergo-1, or drh-3 significantly increased the percentage of pericentrosome-enriched NRDE-3. At the metaphase of the cell cycle, NRDE-3 was enriched in both the peri-centrosomal region and the spindle. Moreover, the integrity of centriole proteins and pericentriolar material(PCM) components is also required for the peri-centrosomal accumulation of NRDE-3. Therefore, we concluded that siRNAs could accumulate in the pericentrosomal region in C. elegans and suggested that the peri-centrosomal region may also be a platform for RNAi-mediated gene regulation.

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Leader-follower: Human-centered intention-guided controller for novel SuperLimb with application to load-carrying scenarios

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年第1期 325-338页

作者： Qinghua ZHANG Xianglong LI Hongwei JING Kerui SUN Yuancheng LI Sikai ZHAO Lele LI Haotian JU Ziqi WANG Rui WU Tianjiao ZHENG Jie ZHAO Yanhe zhu The State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology The Learning Algorithms and Systems Laboratory School of Engineeringécole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Supernumerary robotic arms(SuperLimb) are a new type of wearable robot that works closely with humans as a third hand to augment human operation capability. Accurate conveyance of wearers' intentions, allocation of roles, and humancentered interaction considerations are the key points in the process of human–SuperLimb collaboration. This paper proposes a human-centered intention-guided leader–follower controller that relies on the dynamic modeling of SuperLimb with application to load-carrying scenarios. The proposed leader–follower controller takes the human as the leader and the SuperLimb as the follower, achieving effective information communication, autonomous coordination, and good force compliance between SuperLimb, humans, and the environment under human safety assurance. First, the human–SuperLimb dynamic system is modeled to achieve force interaction with the environment and wearer. Second, to achieve the precise intention extraction of humans, pose data from five visual odometry sensors are fused to capture the human state, the generalized position, the velocity of hands, and the surface electromyography signals from two myoelectric bracelets sensors are processed to recognize the natural hand gestures during load-carrying scenarios by a designed Swin transformer network. Then, based on the real-time distance detection between human and mechanical limbs, the security assurance and force-compliant interaction of the human–SuperLimb system are realized. Finally, the human hand muscle intention recognition, human–robot safety strategy verification,and comparative load-carrying experiments with and without the proposed method are conducted on the SuperLimb *** showed that the task parameters are well estimated to produce more reasonable planning trajectories, and SuperLimb could well understand the wearer's intentions to switch different SuperLimb actions. The proposed sensor-based human–robot communication framework motivates future studies of o

关键词：

智慧医疗情境下四方主体隐私行为的交互机理及演化趋势研究

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现代情报 2025年第1期45卷 135-149页

作者：朱光吴晗逸刘雯南京信息工程大学风险治理与应急决策研究院江苏南京210044 南京信息工程大学管理工程学院江苏南京210044

[目的/意义]本文针对智慧医疗情境下隐私行为研究在博弈主体、模型参数等方面的不足,探寻患者、医疗机构、智慧医疗平台和政府四方主体之间的隐私行为交互机理与演化趋势。[方法/过程]基于演化博弈理论,构建患者、医疗机构、智慧医疗平... 详细信息

[目的/意义]本文针对智慧医疗情境下隐私行为研究在博弈主体、模型参数等方面的不足,探寻患者、医疗机构、智慧医疗平台和政府四方主体之间的隐私行为交互机理与演化趋势。[方法/过程]基于演化博弈理论,构建患者、医疗机构、智慧医疗平台和政府四方博弈模型。根据不同参数调节下各方行为策略的收益、成本、损失等计算收益矩阵,求解主体的演化稳定策略,并考虑不同因素对主体行为策略及系统稳定状态的影响。[结果/结论]患者的隐私披露行为与披露隐私后获得的服务收益密切相关,医疗机构的隐私保护投入成本和隐私泄露概率对其隐私保护行为有显著影响,智慧医疗平台的政府奖惩、罚款收益和投入成本是影响其严格管理行为的关键因素,政府的监管行为与奖惩机制等因素密切相关。通过应用本文模型和方法,可以动态调整隐私保护机制,明确各方职责,推动智慧医疗可持续健康发展。

关键词：智慧医疗演化博弈隐私行为患者医疗机构智慧医疗平台政府

Contemporary Value and Educational Enlightenment of zhu Xi's Moral Education Thoughts

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学术界 2016年第4期 314-318页

作者： zhu Huiyun Department of Philosophy Baoji University of Arts and Sciences

As a philosopher and educator,zhu Xi is famous for his rich moral education *** formation of these moral education thoughts was not only closely associated with his own moral education activities and academic research,but also indispensible from his own Confucian family background,social context of his time,and his own thoughts and cultural *** Xi’ s moral education thoughts are of great contemporary value,serving as reference for the construction of people’ s values,a harmonious society,civic virtues and civic *** these,his thoughts especially give significant enlightenment to modern education in China.

关键词： zhu Xi moral education thoughts contemporary value

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《民法典》用人者替代责任的司法解释完善

北京理工大学学报(社会科学版) 2025年第1期27卷 44-55页

作者：王竹帅仁策四川大学　法学院四川成都610207

《民法典侵权责任编解释（一）》第15条将“用工单位劳务关系”和“个体工商户用工关系”纳入《民法典》第1191条第1款规定的“用人单位”替代责任的适用范围，但未能明确网络平台用工替代责任的法律适用规则。《民法典》第1191～第119... 详细信息

《民法典侵权责任编解释（一）》第15条将“用工单位劳务关系”和“个体工商户用工关系”纳入《民法典》第1191条第1款规定的“用人单位”替代责任的适用范围，但未能明确网络平台用工替代责任的法律适用规则。《民法典》第1191～第1193条已构建“用人单位劳动关系—个人劳务关系—独立承揽关系”三分法用工关系谱系。应当以第1191条第1款为中心补正用工单位劳务关系替代责任规则的缺失，以第1192条为中心构建个体工商户用工关系替代责任法律适用框架，以第1193条为中心构建网络平台用工替代责任法律适用框架。

关键词：用人者替代责任用人单位用工单位个体工商户网络平台用工