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Variation of carbon partitioning in newly expanded maize leaves and plant adaptive growth under extended darkness

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第9期20卷 2360-2371页

作者： liANG Xiao-gui SHEN Si GAO Zhen ZHANG li ZHAO Xue zhou shun-li College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China School of Agricultural Sciences Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045P.R.China Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Crop High Efficient Use of Water in Wuqiao Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuqiao 061802P.R.China Innovation Center of Agricultural Technology for Lowland Plain of Hebei Wuqiao 061802P.R.China

Plants must maintain a balance between their carbon(C)supply and utilization during the day–night cycle for continuous growth since C starvation often causes irreversible damage to crop *** is not well known how C fixation and allocation in the leaves of crops such as maize adapt to sudden environmental ***,to quantify primary C fixation and partitioning in photosynthetic maize leaves under extended darkness and to relate these factors to plant growth,maize seedlings were subjected to extended darkness(ED)for three successive days at the 6 th leaf fully expanded stage(V6).ED reduced plant growth and leaf chlorophyll levels but not the rate of net CO_2 *** a result of the reduction in photoassimilates,the accumulation of starch and total soluble carbohydrates(TSC)in mature leaves also decreased under ***,the percentage of the daily C fixation reserved in mature leaves *** transient C pools were largely composed of TSC and were mainly used for consumption by increased nocturnal respiration rather than for *** the days went on,both the amount of C accumulated and the percentage of the daily fixed C that was reserved in leaves decreased,which could be largely accounted for by the attenuated starch synthesis in all *** activities of ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase and soluble starch synthase decreased significantly over ***,this study concluded that both starch and TSC are involved in the coordination of the C supply and plant growth under a sudden C shortage but that they may be involved in different *** the ratio of reserved C to daily fixed C increased to maintain blade function under acute C starvation,both the amount and the proportion of C reserved in mature leaves decreased as plant growth continued in order to meet the growth demands of the plant.

关键词： maize starch total soluble carbohydrates carbon allocation extended darkness ongoing growth

A simulation of winter wheat crop responses to irrigation management using CERES-Wheat model in the North China Plain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第5期17卷 1181-1193页

作者： zhou li-li liAO Shu-hua WANG Zhi-min WANG Pu ZHANG Ying-hua YAN Hai-jun GAO Zhen SHEN Si liANG Xiao-gui WANG Jia-hui zhou shun-li College of Water Resources & Civil Engineering China Agricultural University College of Agronomy & Biotechnology China Agricultural University

To improve efficiency in the use of water resources in water-limited environments such as the North China Plain（NCP）, where winter wheat is a major and groundwater-consuming crop, the application of water-saving irrigation strategies must be considered as a method for the sustainable development of water resources. The initial objective of this study was to evaluate and validate the ability of the CERES-Wheat model simulation to predict the winter wheat grain yield, biomass yield and water use efficiency（WUE） responses to different irrigation management methods in the NCP. The results from evaluation and validation analyses were compared to observed data from 8 field experiments, and the results indicated that the model can accurately predict these parameters. The modified CERES-Wheat model was then used to simulate the development and growth of winter wheat under different irrigation treatments ranging from rainfed to four irrigation applications（full irrigation） using historical weather data from crop seasons over 33 years（1981–2014）. The data were classified into three types according to seasonal precipitation：〈100 mm, 100–140 mm, and 〉140 mm. Our results showed that the grain and biomass yield, harvest index（HI） and WUE responses to irrigation management were influenced by precipitation among years, whereby yield increased with higher precipitation. Scenario simulation analysis also showed that two irrigation applications of 75 mm each at the jointing stage and anthesis stage（T3） resulted in the highest grain yield and WUE among the irrigation treatments. Meanwhile, productivity in this treatment remained stable through different precipitation levels among years. One irrigation at the jointing stage（T1） improved grain yield compared to the rainfed treatment and resulted in yield values near those of T3, especially when precipitation was higher. These results indicate that T3 is the most suitable irrigation strategy under variable precipitation regimes for stabl

关键词： crop simulation modeling deficit irrigation precipitation level CERES-Wheat model winter wheat North China Plain

Plastic-film-side seeding,as an alternative to traditional film mulching,improves yield stability and income in maize production in semi-arid regions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第4期22卷 1021-1034页

作者： ZHANG Bing-chao HU Han GUO Zheng-yu GONG Shuai SHEN Si liAO Shu-hua WANG Xin zhou shun-li ZHANG Zhong-dong College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China Institute of Maize Shanxi Agricultural UniversityXinzhou 034000P.R.China

Planting under plastic-film mulches is widely used in spring maize production in arid-cold regions for water conservation and warming the *** ameliorate the associated issues such as plastic-film residues and additional labor during the“seedling release”in spring maize production,we have developed a plastic-film-side seeding(PSS)technology with the supporting *** the semi-arid regions of Northwest China,a 7-year trial demonstrated that PSS increased plant number per hectare by 6547 and maize yield by 1686 kg ha–1compared with the traditional method of seeding under plastic-film mulch(PM).Two-year experiments were conducted in two semi-arid regions to further understand the effects of PSS on three important aspects of production:(i)the moisture and temperature of soil,(ii)maize development,yield output,and water use efficiency(WUE),and(iii)the revenue and plastic-film residuals in comparison with that of flat planting(CK)and *** monitoring of the soil status demonstrated that,compared with CK,the PSS treatment significantly increased the temperature and moisture of the 0–20 cm soil in the seeding row at the early stage of maize development,and it also promoted grain yield(at 884–1089 kg ha^(–1))and WUE,achieving a similar effect as the PM ***,the labor inputs of PSS were equal to CK,whereas the PM cost an additional 960 CNY ha–1in labor for releasing the seedlings from below the ***,the PSS system increased profits by 5.83%(547 CNY ha^(–1)yr^(–1))and 8.16%(748 CNY ha^(–1)yr^(–1))compared with CK and PM,***,PSS achieved a residual film recovery rate of nearly 100%and eliminated 96 to 130 kg ha^(–1)of residual plastic-film in PM in 3–5 years of maize ***,these results show that PSS is an eco-friendly technique for improving yield stability and incomes for the sustainable production of maize in semi-arid regions.

关键词： maize soil water content soil temperature yield plastic-film plastic-film-side seeding semi-arid region

Contribution of ear photosynthesis to grain yield under rainfed and irrigation conditions for winter wheat cultivars released in the past 30 years in North China Plain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第10期15卷 2247-2256页

作者： WANG Yun-qi XI Wen-xing WANG Zhi-min WANG Bin XU Xue-xin HAN Mei-kun zhou shun-li ZHANG Ying-hua College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University

To understand the contribution of ear photosynthesis to grain yield and its response to water supply in the improvement of winter wheat, 15 cultivars released from 1980 to 2012 in North China Plain（NCP） were planted under rainfed and irrigated conditions from 2011 to 2013, and the ear photosynthesis was tested by ear shading. During the past 30 years, grain yield significantly increased, the flag leaf area slightly increased under irrigated condition but decreased significantly under rainfed condition, the ratio of grain weight：leaf area significantly increased, and the contribution of ear photosynthesis to grain yield changed from 33.6 to 64.5% and from 32.2 to 57.2% under rainfed and irrigated conditions, respectively. Grain yield, yield components, and ratio of grain weight：leaf area were positively related with contribution of ear photosynthesis. The increase in grain yield in winter wheat was related with improvement in ear photosynthesis contribution in NCP, especially under rainfed condition.

关键词： wheat ear photosynthesis grain yield improvement of cultivars

Effect of Source-Sink Manipulation on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Flag Leaf and the Remobilization of Dry Mass and Nitrogen in Vegetative Organs of Wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第8期13卷 1680-1690页

作者： ZHANG Ying-hua SUN Na-na HONG Jia-pei ZHANG Qi WANG Chao XUE Qing-wu zhou shun-li HUANG Qin WANG Zhi-min Key Laboratory of Farming System Ministry of Agriculture/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Texas Agrilife Research Amarillo TX 79106 USA

The photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaf and the accumulation and remobilization of pre-anthesis dry mass（DM） and nitrogen（N） in vegetable organs in nine wheat cultivars under different source-sink manipulation treatments including defoliation（DF）, spike shading（SS） and half spikelets removal（SR） were investigated. Results showed that the SS treatment increased the photosynthetic rate（Pn） of flag leaf in source limited cultivar, but had no significant effect on sink limited cultivar. The SR treatment decreased the Pn of flag leaf. Grain DM accumulation was limited by source in some cultivars, in other cultivars, it was limited by sink. Grain N accumulation was mainly limited by source supply. The contribution of pre-anthesis dry mass to grain yield from high to low was stem, leaf and chaff, while the contribution of pre-anthesis N to grain N from high to low was leaf, stem and chaff. Cultivars S7221 and TA9818 can increase the contribution of remobilization of DM and N to grain at the maximum ratio under reducing source treatments, which may be the major reason for these cultivars having lower decrease in grain yield and N content under reducing source treatments.

关键词： genotypic variation remobilization of pre-anthesis dry mass and nitrogen source-sink treatment wheat

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玉米抗茎倒伏能力相关性状与评价研究进展

作物学报 2022年第1期48卷 15-26页

作者：赵雪周顺利中国农业大学农学院北京100193 农业农村部作物高效用水吴桥科学观测实验站河北吴桥061802 河北省低平原区农业技术创新中心河北吴桥061802

茎倒伏造成玉米产量和品质下降,收获成本增加,籽粒生理成熟后无法继续田间站秆脱水,影响玉米机械化籽粒收获。关于玉米抗茎倒伏相关的性状,前人从植株形态、节间形态、解剖结构和化学成分等方面进行了大量研究,但结果不完全一致,同时这... 详细信息

茎倒伏造成玉米产量和品质下降,收获成本增加,籽粒生理成熟后无法继续田间站秆脱水,影响玉米机械化籽粒收获。关于玉米抗茎倒伏相关的性状,前人从植株形态、节间形态、解剖结构和化学成分等方面进行了大量研究,但结果不完全一致,同时这些性状对茎秆抗倒性作用大小的定量研究较少。本文综述了玉米抗茎倒伏能力的评价方法和指标、茎秆力学测定方法、抗茎倒伏能力相关性状的分析方法及其影响因素,提出了抗茎倒伏能力相关性状及评价研究中存在的问题和需要进一步关注的内容,希望为进一步研究玉米抗茎倒伏相关性状及其评价方法,培育抗倒伏品种和优化栽培措施提供参考。

关键词：玉米茎倒伏评价指标茎秆力学性状测定茎倒伏相关性状

Interfacial Zn2+-solvation regulator towards reversible and stable Zn anode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 684-692页

作者： Miao zhou Xiongbin Luo Hang li Shan Guo Zhuang Tong Xiaotao zhou Xu li Zhaohui Hou Shuquan liang Guozhao Fang College of Mechanical Engineering Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Advanced Carbon-based Functional Materials Hunan Institute of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province Central South University College of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou University National Energy Metal Resources and New Materials Key Laboratory Central South University

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries （AZIBs） are fundamentally challenged by the instability of the electrode/electrolyte interface,predominantly due to irreversible zinc （Zn） deposition and hydrogen ***,the intricate mechanisms behind the electrochemical discrepancies induced by interfacial Zn2+-solvation and deposition behavior demand comprehensive *** molecules endowed with special functional groups （such as hydroxyl,carboxyl,etc.） have the potential to significantly optimize the solvation structure of Zn2+and regulate the interfacial electric double layer （EDL）.By increasing nucleation overpotential and decreasing interfacial free energy,these functional groups facilitate a lower critical nucleation radius,thereby forming an asymptotic nucleation model to promote uniform Zn ***,this study presents a pioneering approach by introducing trace amounts of n-butanol as solvation regulators to engineer the homogenized Zn （H-Zn） anode with a uniform and dense *** interfacial reaction and structure evolution are explored by in/ex-situ experimental techniques,indicating that the H-Zn anode exhibits dendrite-free growth,no by-products,and weak hydrogen evolution,in sharp contrast to the bare ***,the H-Zn anode achieves a remarkable Zn utilization rate of approximately 20% and simultaneously sustains a prolonged cycle life exceeding 500 ***,the H-Zn//NH4V4O10（NVO） full battery showcases exceptional cycle stability,retaining 95.04%capacity retention after 400 cycles at a large current density of 5 A *** study enlightens solvation-regulated additives to develop Zn anode with superior utilization efficiency and extended operational lifespan.

关键词： Aqueous zinc-ion batteries Interfacial reaction Asymptotic nucleation model Reversible and stable Zn anode

华北地区冬小麦节水栽培氮素吸收利用特征研究

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中国农业科技导报 2012年第5期14卷 96-101页

作者：秦欣刘克周顺利中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院北京100193

为了明确华北地区冬小麦节水栽培与传统灌溉条件下氮素吸收利用特征,2008-2010年,在灌溉底墒水的基础上,设置4个水分处理:春不灌水(W0)、拔节水(W1)、拔节水+开花水(W2)和起身水+孕穗水+开花水+灌浆水(W4),测定不同生育时期植株氮素吸... 详细信息

为了明确华北地区冬小麦节水栽培与传统灌溉条件下氮素吸收利用特征,2008-2010年,在灌溉底墒水的基础上,设置4个水分处理:春不灌水(W0)、拔节水(W1)、拔节水+开花水(W2)和起身水+孕穗水+开花水+灌浆水(W4),测定不同生育时期植株氮素吸收量和产量。结果表明,冬小麦最高产量2年均在节水栽培处理(W1和W2)获得,氮积累量则随着灌水量的增加而增加,传统灌溉处理最高。与传统灌溉相比,节水灌溉加快了冬小麦氮素积累进程,促进了花前积累氮素向籽粒的再分配,提高了氮收获指数和生理利用效率。可见,冬小麦节水栽培在实现节水高产的同时,也改善了氮素吸收利用特性。

关键词：冬小麦节水栽培氮积累氮利用特征

Role of nutrition in diabetes mellitus and infections

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 1-8页

作者： Xue-Lu Yu li-Yun zhou Xiao Huang Xin-Yue li Ming-Ke Wang Ji-shun Yang Naval Medical Center of PLA Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200052China

In this editorial,we have commented on the article that has been published in the recent issue of World Journal of Clinical *** authors have described a case of unilateral thyroid cyst and have opined that the acute onset of infection may be linked to diabetes mellitus(DM).We have focused on the role of nutrition in the association between DM and *** with DM are at a high risk of infection,which could also be attributed to nutrition-related *** interventions for patients with diabetes are mainly based on a low-calorie diet,which can be achieved by adhering to a low-carbohydrate ***,dietary fiber supplementation is recommended to maintain the diversity of the gut ***,high-quality protein can prevent the increased risk of infection due to *** of vitamins C,vitamins A,vitamins D,and folic acid improves blood sugar control and facilitates immune *** deficiencies augment the risk of infection,but the relationship with diabetes is mostly U-shaped and a good intake should be maintained.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Infection Macronutrients Vitamins Minerals