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Effect of cement on the stabilization of loess

Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第11期14卷 2325-2336页

作者： ZHANG Chong-lei JIANG Guan-lu SU Li-jun zhou gong-dan Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Considering the potential use of cementstabilized loess(CSL) as a construction material for structures that are subjected to frequent loess landslides, this paper explores the stabilization and improvement of geotechnical characteristics of loess achieved by the addition of 0%-9% cement by dry weight. Laboratory evaluations investigated the consistency limits, compaction, compressibility, California bearing ratio(CBR), direct shear strength, and unconfined compression strength(UCS) of CSL for different curing stages. A durability index was quantified to estimate the influence of wetting-drying(w-d) cycles on CSL strength, and an optimum cement dosage was also identified. The results reveal that the cohesion of CSL is substantially more sensitive to structure than its friction angle and that cohesion is responsible for shear strength increase after remoulding. The cement proportions have an effective role in the enhancement of compressibility. The development of UCS can be categorized into the early stage(14 days). The increase in strength primarily occurred in the first 14 days. The w-d cycles have a significantinfluence on the decrease in compression strength. The CBR value increases with increments of additional proportions and compaction times. The relationships of UCS versus the compressibility modulus and UCS versus CBR are established to facilitate the mix design for strength. A rational predictive exponential equation is proposed to predict the durability index for different w-d cycles.

关键词： Landslide Cement Loess stabilization Durability index Wetting-drying cycle

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Comparison of Rheometric Devices for Measuring the Rheological Parameters of Debris Flow Slurry

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第5期12卷 1125-1134页

作者： YANG Hong-juan WEI Fang-qiang HU Kai-heng zhou gong-dan LYU Juan Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences

Soil samples with clay content ranging from 15% to 31%, were taken from three debris flow gullies in Southwest China. Three debris flow slurry samples were prepared and tested with four measuring systems of an Anton Paar Physica MCR301 rheometer, including the concentric cylinder system,the parallel-plate system, the vane geometry, and the ball measuring system. All systems were smoothwalled. Flow curves were plotted and yield stress was determined using the Herschel-Bulkley model,showing differences among the different *** curves from the concentric cylinder and parallelplate systems involved two distinct regions, the low shear and the high shear regions. Yield stresses determined by data fitting in the low shear region were significantly lower than the values from the inclined channel test which is a practical method for determining yield stress. Flow curves in the high shear region are close to those from the vane geometry and the ball measuring system. The fitted values of yield stress are comparable to the values from the inclined channel test. The differences are caused by wall-slip effects in the low shear *** geometry can capture the stress overshoot phenomenon caused by the destruction of slurry structure, whereas end effects should be considered in the determination of yield stress. The ball measuring system can give reasonable results, and it is applicable for rheological testing of debris flow slurries.

关键词： Debris flow Slurry Rheometer Concentric cylinder system Parallel plate system Vane Ball measuring system

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Effect of dry density on the liquefaction behaviour of Quaternary silt

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第7期15卷 1597-1614页

作者： ZHANG Chong-lei JIANG Guan-lu SU Li-jun Liu Wei-ming zhou gong-dan Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610043 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Quaternary silt is widely distributed in China and easily liquefies during earthquakes. To identify the influence of the dry density on the liquefaction behaviour of Quaternary silt, 40 cyclic triaxial liquefaction tests were performed on loose silt(dry density rd=1.460 g/cm^3) and dense silt(rd=1.586 g/cm^3) under different cyclic stress ratios(CSRs) to obtain liquefaction assessment criteria, determine the liquefaction resistance, improve the excess pore water pressure(EPWP) growth model and clarify the relationship between the shear modulus and damping ratio. The results indicate that the initial liquefaction assessment criteria for the loose and dense silts are a double-amplitude axial strain of 5% and an EPWP ratio of 1. The increase in the anti-liquefaction ability for the dense silt is more significant under lower confining pressures. The CSR of loose silt falls well within the results of the sandy silt and Fraser River silt, and the dense silt exhibits a higher liquefaction resistance than the sand-silt mixture. The relationships between the CSR and loading cycles were obtained at a failure strain of 1%. The EPWP development in the dense and loose silts complies with the "fast-stable" and "fast-gentle-sharp" growth modes, respectively. The power function model can effectively describe the EPWP growth characteristics of the dense silt. Finally, based on the liquefaction behaviour of silt, a suggestion for reinforcing silt slopes or foundations is proposed.

关键词： Liquefaction Quaternary silt Dry density Earthquake magnitude Liquefaction assessment Cyclic stress ratio

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Quantile-based optimization under uncertainties for complex engineering structures using an active learning basis-adaptive PC-Kriging model

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 340-352页

作者： Yulian gong Jianguo ZHANG dan XU Ying HUANG School of Reliability and Systems Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The Reliability-Based Design Optimization(RBDO)of complex engineering structures considering uncertainties has problems of being high-dimensional,highly nonlinear,and timeconsuming,which requires a significant amount of sampling simulation *** this paper,a basis-adaptive Polynomial Chaos(PC)-Kriging surrogate model is proposed,in order to relieve the computational burden and enhance the predictive accuracy of a *** active learning basis-adaptive PC-Kriging model is combined with a quantile-based RBDO ***,five engineering cases have been implemented,including a benchmark RBDO problem,three high-dimensional explicit problems,and a high-dimensional implicit *** with Support Vector Regression(SVR),Kriging,and polynomial chaos expansion models,results show that the proposed basis-adaptive PC-Kriging model is more accurate and efficient for RBDO problems of complex engineering structures.

关键词： Reliability-based design optimization Quantile-based Basis-adaptive PC-Kriging Complex engineering structures Active learning Uncertainty

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泥石流颗粒物质分选机理和效应

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四川大学学报（工程科学版） 2013年第1期45卷 28-36页

作者：周公旦孙其诚崔鹏中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室四川成都610041 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所四川成都610041 清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室北京100084

泥石流是一种由大量固体颗粒和液态水充分掺混所形成的多相流体,泥石流体内固体颗粒物质的相互作用所导致的泥石流颗粒物质的分选是引起泥石流流动性和冲击力大增的重要原因,是现阶段大型泥石流防治的重要关注方向。从基本的泥石流动力... 详细信息

泥石流是一种由大量固体颗粒和液态水充分掺混所形成的多相流体,泥石流体内固体颗粒物质的相互作用所导致的泥石流颗粒物质的分选是引起泥石流流动性和冲击力大增的重要原因,是现阶段大型泥石流防治的重要关注方向。从基本的泥石流动力学理论出发,采用连续介质力学的方法构建泥石流运动的模型,初步分析颗粒分选对泥石流流动性的影响;进而采用离散元(DEM)数值模拟颗粒流的方法,对泥石流发展过程中颗粒间的作用方式和分选机理开展详尽的研究。研究结果表明:泥石流颗粒分选可以导致颗粒体内部孔隙水压力的重新分布,进而影响到龙头运动速度和颗粒体长度的激增;离散元数值模拟和分析进一步显示,区别于一般均匀颗粒所形成的颗粒流的边界层效应,颗粒分选能够显著地改变颗粒体内部的剪切速率的分布,从而弱化边界层效应。

关键词：泥石流颗粒分选理论分析离散元模拟

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孔隙水压力在滑坡泥石流起动和运动中的作用

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自然杂志 2014年第5期36卷 325-335页

作者：周公旦中国科学院山地灾害和地表过程重点实验室中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所副研究员成都610041

自然界重要的山地灾害——滑坡、泥石流都是由大量的颗粒物质和颗粒间孔隙水所构成的多相介质。颗粒间孔隙水压力的发展和消散直接影响颗粒间的作用,是导致边坡失稳、土体滑动、泥石流流动性加强的重要因素。全面综述孔隙水压力的定义... 详细信息

自然界重要的山地灾害——滑坡、泥石流都是由大量的颗粒物质和颗粒间孔隙水所构成的多相介质。颗粒间孔隙水压力的发展和消散直接影响颗粒间的作用,是导致边坡失稳、土体滑动、泥石流流动性加强的重要因素。全面综述孔隙水压力的定义和测试方法,孔隙水压力的发展、消散过程,以及颗粒间有效应力的变化,以期进一步明确孔隙水压力对滑坡、泥石流起动和运动的重要性。

关键词：孔隙水压力滑坡泥石流

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Toward long-life Zn anode using highly polar electrolyte additives

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 651-660页

作者： Nengbin Cai Hongming Chen Busheng Zhang Zijing Liu Xinbo He dan zhou Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Shunde Innovation School University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Textile Science and Engineering Wuyi University

Unstable Zn interface caused by rampant dendrite growth and parasitic side reactions always hinders the practical application of aqueous zinc metal batteries（AZMBs）,Herein,tyrosine（Tyr） with high molecular polarity was introduced into aqueous electrolyte to modulate the interfacial electrochemistry of Zn *** AZMBs,the positively charged side of Tyr can be well adsorbed on the surface of Zn anode to form a water-poor layer,and the exposed carboxylate side can be easily coordinated with Zn2+,favoring inducing uniform plating of Zn2+and inhibiting the occurrence of water-induced side *** in turn enable the achievement of highly stable Zn ***,the Zn anodes achieve outstanding cyclic stability(3000 h at 2 mA cm-2,2 mA h cm-2and 1300 h at 5 mA cm-2,5 mA h cm-2),high average Coulombic efficiency（99.4% over 3200 cycles）,and high depth of discharge（80% for 500 h）.Besides,the assembled Zn‖NaV3O8·1.5H2O full cells deliver remarkable capacity retention and ultra-long lifetime(61.8% over 6650 cycles at 5 A g-1) and enhanced rate capability(169 mA h g-1at 5 A g-1).The work may promote the design and deep understanding of electrolyte additives with high molecular polarity for high-performance AZMBs.

关键词： AZMBs Electrolyte additives Highly stable Zn anode Interfacial electrochemistry Tyr

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Autophagy serves as a protective effect against inflammatory injury of oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cell

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 28-38页

作者： Na-Na Meng Lei-zhou Xia Yi-Qing gong Pei-Rong Lu Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Affiliated People’s HospitalJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212002Jiangsu ProvinceChina Zhenjiang Kangfu Eye Hospital Zhenjiang 212002Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery Affiliated People’s HospitalJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212002Jiangsu ProvinceChina

AIM:To test the effect of autophagy on inflammatory damage resulting from oxidative stress in adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line(ARPE-19).METHODS:ARPE-19 cells were pretreated with 200 and 600μmol/L hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))at various time *** changes of cell morphology,cell viability,reactive oxygen species(ROS)level,autophagic activity,and the inflammatory cytokines(TNFα,IL-6,and TGFβ)were measured at baseline and after treatment with autophagy inducer rapamycin(Rapa)and suppressor wortmannin(Wort)or ***:The levels of ROS,cytokines(TNFα,IL-6,and TGFβ),and autophagic activity were significantly increased in ARPE-19 cells after pretreated with H2O2(all P<0.05)and IL-10 was significantly decreased(P<0.05).By upregulating autophagy,Rapa significantly reduced oxidative stress-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory factors(TNFα and IL-6)and ROS(all P<0.05),yet elevated the production of TGFβ(P<0.05).In contrast,suppression of autophagy through Wort or ATG5 knockdown reduced cell viability,increased cell apoptotic rate,and exacerbated the generation of ROS and inflammatory cytokines(TNFα,IL-6,and TGFβ;all P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Autophagy demonstrates a protective effect on ARPE-19 cell through mitigating oxidative damage and oxidative stress-induced inflammatory *** of autophagy may be a potential way for agerelated macular degeneration.

关键词： retinal pigment epithelium autophagy reactive oxygen species inflammation

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Necroptosis contributes to deoxynivalenolinduced liver injury and inflammation in weaned piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 182-192页

作者： Qilong Xu Hanqiu gong Mohan zhou Junjie Guo Shaokui Chen Kan Xiao Yulan Liu Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan 430023China

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the role of necroptosis in deoxynivalenol(DON)-induced liver injury and inflammation in weaned *** In Exp.1,12 weaned piglets were divided into 2 groups including pigs fed basal diet and pigs fed diet contaminated with 4 mg/kg DON for 21 *** Exp.2,12 weaned piglets were divided into 2 groups including con-trol piglets and piglets given a gavage of 2 mg/kg body weight(BW)*** Exp.3,24 weaned piglets were used in a 2×2 factorial design and the main factors including necrostatin-1(Nec-1)(DMSO or 0.5 mg/kg BW Nec-1)and DON challenge(saline or 2 mg/kg BW DON gavage).On 21 d in Exp.1,or at 6 h post DON gavage in Exp.2 and 3,pigs were killed for blood samples and liver *** histology,blood biochemical indicators,and liver inflamma-tion and necroptosis signals were *** Dietary or oral gavage with DON caused liver morphological damage in *** DON led to hepato-cyte damage indicated by increased aspartate transaminase(AST)activity and AST/alanine aminotransferase(ALT)ratio,and DON gavage also caused hepatocyte damage and cholestasis indicated by increased AST and alkaline phosphatase(AKP)*** DON caused liver necroptosis indicated by increased protein abundance of total receptor interacting protein kinase 3(t-RIP3)and total mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein(t-MLKL).Moreover,DON gavage increased mRNA expression of interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-1βin *** gavage also induced liver necroptosis demonstrated by increased protein abundance of t-RIP3,phosphorylated-RIP3(p-RIP3),t-MLKL and ***,pretreatment with Nec-1,a specific inhibitor of necroptosis,inhibited liver necroptosis indi-cated by decreased protein expression of t-RIP3,p-RIP3,t-MLKL and ***-1 pretreatment reduced liver morphological damage after DON *** with Nec-1 also attenuated liver damage induced by DON indicated by decreased activities of AST and ***,Nec-

关键词： Deoxynivalenol Liver damage Necroptosis Necrostatin-1 Pigs

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The emerging role of nitric oxide in the synaptic dysfunction of vascular dementia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 402-415页

作者： Xiaorong Zhang Zhiying Chen Yinyi Xiong Qin zhou Ling-Qiang Zhu dan Liu Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center JiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Center for Cognitive Science and Transdisciplinary Studies Jiujiang UniversityJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic MedicineTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

With an increase in global aging,the number of people affected by cerebrovascular diseases is also increasing,and the incidence of vascular dementia-closely related to cerebrovascular risk-is increasing at an epidemic ***,few therapeutic options exist that can markedly improve the cognitive impairment and prognosis of vascular dementia *** in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurological disorders,synaptic dysfunction is recognized as the main reason for cognitive *** oxide is one of the ubiquitous gaseous cellular messengers involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes of the central nervous ***,nitric oxide has been implicated in regulating synaptic plasticity and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular *** review introduces in detail the emerging role of nitric oxide in physiological and pathological states of vascular dementia and summarizes the diverse effects of nitric oxide on different aspects of synaptic dysfunction,neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,and blood-brain barrier dysfunction that underlie the progress of vascular ***,we propose that targeting the nitric oxide-sGC-cGMP pathway using certain specific approaches may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular dementia.

关键词： endoplasmic reticulum stress endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene therapy nitric oxide NO-sGC-cGMP pathway synaptic dysfunction vascular dementia

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