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Free Cu^(2+) Ions,Cu Fractionation and Microbial Parameters in Soils from Apple Orchards Following Long-Term Application of Copper Fungicides

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Pedosphere 2011年第2期21卷 139-145页

作者： zhou dong-mei WANG Quan-Ying CANG Long State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008(China) Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy ofSciences Changchun 130012 (China)

Soil samples were collected from apple orchards 5,15,20,30,and 45 years old,and one adjacent forest soil was used as reference to investigate the free Cu2+ion activity in soil solution and the soil Cu fractionation in the solid phase following long-term application of copper fungicide,Bordeaux mixture,in apple orchards and to investigate the relationships among soil free Cu2+ions,Cu fractionation and soil microbial *** total Cu concentration in the orchard soils varied from 21.8 to 141 mg kg-1,increasing with the orchard age,and the value for the reference soil was 12.5 mg *** free Cu2+ion concentrations in the soil solutions extracted by 0.01 mol L-1 KNO3 ranged from 3.13×10-8(reference)to 4.08×10-6 mol L-1(45 years-old orchard).The concentration of Cu complexed in the fulvic fraction increased with orchard age from 5.16 to 52.5 mg *** was also the case for other soil Cu fractions except the residual *** residual soil Cu remained practically constant,ranging from 4.28 to 5.66 mg kg-1,suggesting that anthropogenic soil Cu mainly existed in the more labile active *** analyses revealed that both the free Cu2+ions in the soil solution and the humic acid-complexed Cu fraction in the solid phase were strongly related with soil microbial parameters.

关键词： free metal activity fulvic acid-complexed Cu humic acid-complexed Cu orchard soil residual Cu

Free cupric ions in contaminated agricultural soils around a copper mine in eastern Nanjing City, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第5期18卷 927-931页

作者： LUO Xiao-san zhou dong-mei WANG Yu-jun State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

To determine the environmental free metal ion activity was a recent hot issue. A method to measure low-level free cupric ion activity in soil solution extracted with 0.01 mol/L KNO3 was developed by using cupric ion-selective electrode （ISE） and calibrating with Cu-buffer solution. Three copper buffers including iminodiacetic acid （IDA）, ethylenediamine （EN）, and glycine （Gly） were compared for calibrating the Cu-ISE curves in the range of free cupric ions （pCu^2＋） 7-13. The Cu-EN buffer showed the best electrode response and thus was applied as the calibration buffer. The pCu^2＋ of 39 contaminated agricultural soils around a copper mine was measured, ranging from 5.03 to 9.20. Most Cu in the soil solutions was found to be complexed with dissolved soil organic matters, averaging 98.1%. The proportion of free Cu^2＋ ions in the soil solutions decreased with the increasing of solution pH. Soluble Cu and free Cu^2＋ ions concentrations were analyzed by multiple linear regressions to evaluate the effects of soil properties on metal levels and speciation. The results showed that soil solution pH was the most significant factor influencing pCu^2＋（with R^2 value of 0.76）, while not important for the soluble Cu concentration.

关键词： copper ion selective electrode (Cu-ISE) free metal ion activity soil solution metal speciation bioavailability

Effects of phosphate on the adsorption of glyphosate on three different types of Chinese soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第5期17卷 711-715页

作者： WANG Yu-jun zhou dong-mei SUN Rui-juan State Key Laboraton of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Glyphosate （GPS） is a non-selective, post-mergence herbicide that is widely used throughout the world. Due to the similar molecular structures of glyphosate and phosphate, adsorption of glyphosate on soil is easily affected by coexisting phosphate, especially when phosphate is applied at a significant rate in farmland. This paper studied the effects of phosphate on the adsorption of glyphosate on three different types of Chinese soils including two variable charge soils and one permanent charge soil. The results indicated that Freundlich equations used to simulate glyphosate adsorption isotherms gave high correlation coefficients（0.990-0.998） with K values of 2751, 2451 and 166 for the zhuanhong soil（ZH soil, Laterite）, red soil（ RS, Udic Ferrisol） and Wushan paddy soil（WS soil, Anthrosol）, respectively. The more the soil iron and aluminum oxides and clay contained, the more glyphosate adsorbed. The presence of phosphate significantly decreased the adsorption of glyphosate to the soils by competing with glyphosate for adsorption sites of soils. Meanwhile, the effects of phosphate on adsorption of glyphosate on the two variable charge soils were more significant than that on the permanent charge soil. When phosphate and glyphosate were added in the soils in different orders, the adsorption quantities of glyphosate on the soils were different, which followed GPS-soil 〉 GPS-P-soil = GPS-Soil-P 〉 P-soil-GPS, meaning a complex interaction occurred among glyphosate, phosphate and the soils.

关键词： soil glyphosate phosphate competitive adsorption

Interaction of Cd and citric acid, EDTA in red soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2001年第2期13卷 153-156页

作者： zhou dong mei WANG Shen-qiang CHEN Huai man Laboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Adsorption and desorption process of cadmium in red soil (Ferrisols) as well as the influence by media' s pH were investigated in detail with and without citric acid and EDTA. Experimental results clearly showed that Cd adsorption in red soil was affected significantly by the coexisted organic chemicals. In the presence of citric acid and EDTA, Cd adsorption in red soil increased with pH in acid media but decreased in high pH one. Further studies placed stress on the adsorbed Cd in red soil which was found to be existed mainly as exchangeable one at pH < 5.5, and desorption rate by 0.10 mol/L NaNO3 gave a peak-shaped curve due to the difference of specifically and nonspecifically adsorbed Cd with pH's change.

关键词： cadmium interaction organic acid red soil

Cr^(Ⅵ) adsorption on four typical soil colloids: equilibrium and kinetics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第3期12卷 325-329页

作者： zhou dong-mei CHEN Huai-man LMCP Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

It is observed that the adsorption of chromium are greater on kaolinite minerals, red soil (R) and laterite (L) colloids than that on montmorillonite, indicotic black (IB) and yellow brown (YB) soil colloids. The adsorption process of Cr Ⅵ on these media can be further described by Langmuir or Freundlich equation quite well. The adsorption reaction of Cr Ⅵ is fast, and the adsorption equilibrium can be reached within the first two hours in moderate temperature. The adsorption quantity of Cr Ⅵ to kaolinite mineral increased with the increasing pH in the range of 2.0 to 7.0, then decreased at higher pH. But it showed some consistence among the four soil colloids. The lower the pH, the stronger the adsorption. The possible mechanisms are further discussed here. Meanwhile the influence of temperature on Cr Ⅵ adsorption on different soil colloid and clay minerals are also investigated.

关键词： Cr Ⅵ soil colloids clay mineral adsorption

Leaching of Copper and Zinc in a Garden Soil Receiving Poultry and Livestock Manures from Intensive Farming

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Pedosphere 2008年第1期18卷 69-76页

作者： HAO Xiu-Zhen zhou dong-mei CHEN Huai-Man dong Yuan-Hua State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China) Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (China)

The leaching characteristics of a garden soil may be greatly affected by application of poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming. Packed soil columns of a garden soil （CK） and the soils after respectively receiving 2% pig manure （PM）, chicken manure （CM）, and commercial organic manure （OM） were leached with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 and 0.01 mol L 1 EDTA solutions. The leachate EC （electric conductivity） values gradually increased at the beginning and then reached a stable value when the soil columns were leached with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 solution. The leachate EC values showed a peak-shape when leached with 0.01 mol L^-1 EDTA solution. In all the soil columns, the pH values of the leachates decreased with increase of displacement volumes when the Ca（NO3）2 solution was used. The total amounts of Cu and Zn eluted from the four soil columns were significantly correlated with the extracted soil Cu and Zn concentrations by 1.0 mol L^-1 NH4NO3, but were not correlated with the leachate dissolved organic carbon （DOC） contents. The Zn concentration in the leachate of the PM-treated soil column with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 solution was above the Quality Standard III for Ground Water of China （GB/T 14848-93, Zn 〈 1.0 mg L^-1）. When compared with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2, the EDTA solution significantly accelerated Cu and Zn elutions in the manure-treated columns. This suggested that applying poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming to farmland might pose a threat to the groundwater quality.

关键词： copper garden soil leaching manures zinc

Growth,Cadmium and Zinc Accumulation of Ornamental Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Contaminated Soil with Different Amendments

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Pedosphere 2012年第5期22卷 631-639页

作者： HAO Xiu-Zhen zhou dong-mei LI Dan-Dan JIANG Ping Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China)

Use of ornamental plants for phytoremediation of metal-contaminated soil is a new option. A pot experiment was carried out to assess the effect of application of amendments, i.e., swine manure, salicylic acid （SA） and potassium chloride （KC1）, on the growth, uptake and translocation of cadmium （Cd） and zinc （Zn） of ornamental sunflower （Helianthus annuus L.） grown on a contaminated soil. The three amendments increased sunflower height, flower diameter, and biomass. Manure significantly decreased Cd and Zn concentrations in sunflower, and thus decreased the bioaccumulation coefficient （BCF） of Cd and Zn. However, using of KC1 markedly increased Cd concentrations in sunflower and the BCF of Cd. Additionally, both swine manure and KC1 application increased Cd and Zn translocation from root to aboveground part. Swine manure and salicylic acid reduced the Cd/Zn ratios in flower of sunflower, while KC1 significantly increased the Cd/Zn ratios. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the Cd/Zn ratio in the root of sunflower was affected by K/Na ratio in root and soil available potassium （K） concentration. Ornamental sunflower could be grown as an alternative plant in the Cd- and Zn-contaminated soil with KC1 application to get the balance between environmental and economic interests.

关键词： Cd/Zn ratio fertilizer heavy metals manure remediation

Binding and Adsorption Energies of Heavy Metal Ions with Hapli-Udic Argosol and Ferri-Udic Argosol Particles

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Pedosphere 2007年第6期17卷 688-696页

作者： WANG Yu-Jun LI Cheng-Bao WANG Wei zhou dong-mei XU Ren-Kou Institute of Soil Science the Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 821 Nanjing 210008 （China） College of Resource and Environment Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 （China）

Gibbs free binding energy and adsorption energy between cations and charged soil particles were used to evaluate the interactions between ions and soil particles. The distribution of Gibbs free adsorption energies could not be determined experimentally before the development of Wien effect measurements in dilute soil suspensions. In the current study, energy relationships between heavy metal ions and particles of Hapli-Udic Argosol （Alfisol） and Ferri-Udic Argosol were inferred from Wien effect measurements in dilute suspensions of homoionic soil particles （〈 2 μm） of the two soils, which were saturated with ions of five heavy metals, in deionized water. The mean Gibbs free binding energies of the heavy metal ions with Hapli-Udic Argosol and Ferri-Udic Argosol particles diminished in the order of Pb^2＋〉 Cd^2＋〉 Cu^2＋〉 Zn^2＋〉 Cr^3＋, where the range of binding energies for Hapli-Udic Argosol （7.25-9.32 kJ mol^-1） was similar to that for Ferri-Udic Argosol （7.43-9.35 kJ mol^-1）. The electrical field-dependent mean Gibbs free adsorption energies of these heavy metal ions for Hapli-Udic Argosol and for Ferri-Udic Argosol descended in the order： Cu^2＋〉 Cd2^＋〉 Pb^2＋〉 Zn^2＋〉 Cr^3＋, and Cd^2＋〉 Cu^2＋〉 Pb^2＋〉 Zn^2＋〉 Cr^3＋, respectively. The mean Gibbs free adsorption energies of Cu^2＋, Zn^2＋, Cd^2＋, Pb^2＋, and Cr^3＋ at a field strength of 200 kV cm^-1, for example, were in the range of 0.8-3.2 kJ mo1^-1 for the two soils.

关键词： adsorption energy Argosol binding energy heavy metal ion Wien effect

Resistance analysis of the rice variety Huaidao 5 against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第10期22卷 3081-3089页

作者： FENG Hui zhou Can-rong ZHU Feng LE Xiu-hu JING De-dao Paul DALY zhou dong-mei WEI Li-hui Institute of Plant Protection Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014P.R.China Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province Nanjing 210009P.R.China School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038P.R.China Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Science in Hilly Area of Jiangsu Province Jurong 212400P.R.China

Meloidogyne graminicola has emerged as one of the most destructive plant-parasitic nematodes affecting rice(Oryza sativa)production *** to *** in rice could be the most effective option for its ***,sources of germplasm with resistance to *** in rice remain ***,we describe the root attraction,gall formation and genetic analysis of the resistance to *** in the rice variety Huidao 5.A nematode attraction assay showed that second-stage juveniles(J2s)of *** were attracted at the root tip of Huaidao 5 within 8 h without a significant reduction in attraction compared to the susceptible rice variety Nanjing *** observation of the infection revealed that the J2s invaded root tissues 12 h after inoculation,but their subsequent movement to the root tip was hindered in Huaidao 5,resulting in decreased nematode number compared to Nanjing ***,we used the soil and hydroponic culture systems to simulate upland and flooding conditions in the paddy fields respectively,and found that gall number was significantly reduced,and nematode development was clearly suppressed in Huaidao *** investigate the genetic basis of this resistance,cross breeding was performed between the Huaidao 5 and Nanjing 9108 *** was no reduction in the resistance of the F_(1) offspring to *** in the greenhouse or field trials,suggesting that a dominant gene could control resistance in Huaidao *** summary,this study provides a detailed characterization of a novel source of resistance to *** in rice,which is of great potential for use in crop breeding.

关键词： root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola rice resistance