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Research 2024年第2期6卷 319-327页

作者： Lihong Hong Haiyao Yang Liqiang Liu Mingzhou Li Yuanyuan Liu Baoqin Chen Huakang Yu Wenbo ju Zhi-Yuan Li School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

An optical spectrometer is a basic spectral instrument that probes microscopic physical and chemical properties of macroscopic objects but generally suffers from difficulty in broadband time-resolved *** this work,we report the creation of ultrabroadband white-light laser with a 3-dB bandwidth covering 385 to 1,080 nm,pulse energy of 1.07 mJ,and pulse duration of several hundred femtoseconds by passing 3-mJ pulse energy,50-fs pulse duration Ti:Sapphire pulse laser through a cascaded fused silica plate and chirped periodically poled lithium niobate *** utilize this unprecedented superflat,ultrabroadband,and intense femtosecond laser light source to build a single-shot(i.e.,single-pulse)subpicosecond pulse laser ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrometer and successfully measure various atomic and molecular absorption *** single-shot ultrafast spectrometer may open up a frontier to monitor simultaneously the ultrafast dynamics of multiple physical and chemical processes in various microscopic systems.

关键词： Pulse utilize frontier

Integrated neural tracing and in-situ barcoded sequencing reveals the logic of SCN efferent circuits in regulating circadian behaviors

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 518-528页

作者： Meimei Liao Xinwei Gao Chen Chen Qi Li Qingchun Guo He Huang Erquan Zhang Dapeng ju College of Biological Sciences China Agriculture UniversityBeijing 100193China National Institute of Biological Sciences(NIBS) Beijing 102206China Chinese Institute for Brain Research Beijing 102206China School of Biomedical Engineering Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Department of Anesthesiology The Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401336China Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 102206China

The circadian clock coordinates rhythms in numerous physiological processes to maintain organismal homeostasis. Since the suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN) is widely accepted as the circadian pacemaker, it is critical to understand the neural mechanisms by which rhythmic information is transferred from the SCN to peripheral clocks. Here, we present the first comprehensive map of SCN efferent connections and suggest a molecular logic underlying these projections. The SCN projects broadly to most major regions of the brain, rather than solely to the hypothalamus and thalamus. The efferent projections from different subtypes of SCN neurons vary in distance and intensity, and blocking synaptic transmission of these circuits affects circadian rhythms in locomotion and feeding to different extents. We also developed a barcoding system to integrate retrograde tracing with in-situ sequencing, allowing us to link circuit anatomy and spatial patterns of gene expression. Analyses using this system revealed that brain regions functioning downstream of the SCN receive input from multiple neuropeptidergic cell types within the SCN, and that individual SCN neurons generally project to a single downstream brain *** map of SCN efferent connections provides a critical foundation for future investigations into the neural circuits underlying SCNmediated rhythms in physiology. Further, our new barcoded tracing method provides a tool for revealing the molecular logic of neuronal circuits within heterogeneous brain regions.

关键词： circadian rhythms SCN output circuit neural tracing barcoded GFP in situ sequencing

OsWRKY65 enhances immunity against fungal and bacterial pathogens in rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 470-481页

作者： Seungmin Son Giha Song Suhyeon Nam Jinjeong Lee Duk-ju Hwang Eun-jung Suh Sang Ryeol Park National Institute of Agricultural Sciences Rural Development AdministrationJeonju 54874Republic of Korea Department of Agriculture Forestry and BioresourcesPlant Genomics and Breeding InstituteResearch Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea

Diverse bacterial and fungal pathogens attack plants,causing biotic stress and severe yield losses *** losses are expected to become more serious as climate change improves conditions for many ***,identifying genes conferring broad-spectrum disease resistance and elucidating their underlying mechanisms provides important resources for plant *** transcription factors affect plant growth and stress ***,the functions of many WRKY proteins remain to be ***,we demonstrated the role of rice(Oryza sativa)WRKY groupⅢtranscription factor OsWRKY65 in ***65 localized to the nucleus and acted as transcriptional *** and molecular functional analyses showed that OsWRKY65 increases resistance to the fungal pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi through downregulation of GA signaling and upregulation of JA ***,OsWRKY65 modulated the expression of the key genes that confer susceptibility or resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae *** to enhance immunity against the *** particular,OsWRKY65directly bound to the promoter region of OsSWEET13 and repressed its *** together,our findings demonstrate that the OsWRKY65 enhances resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens in rice.

关键词： Bacterial blight Bakanae disease Broad-spectrum disease resistance Oriza sativa OsWRKY65 Rice

Surface Topological Glycosylation-Mediated Mucoadhesion of Bacteria

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第13期42卷 1447-1455页

作者： Xiao Kuang Xiaobing Liu ju Chen Wenyan Lv Mengmeng Zhang Huan Chen Feng Wu Jinyao Liu School of Life Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine Institute of Molecular MedicineState Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China College of Chemistry and Materials Science Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

Sugar moieties present on bacterial surface serve as pivotal regulators of bacterial *** adjusting the abundance and distribution of surface sugar moieties can offer an important approach to manipulating bacterial behavior,but has been proven to be ***,surface topological glycosylation is reported to mediate the interaction of bacteria with mucous *** functionalized by sugar moieties with different branching are synthesized through iterative Michael addition and amide condensation *** a copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition,the resulting compounds with different branching structures can be attached onto bacterial surface that is modified with azido *** a proof-of-concept study,a set of topologically glycosylated probiotics(TGPs)is prepared using linear,two-branched,and tetra-branched compounds,*** interaction between mucin and TGPs was studied and the results demonstrate that,compared to unmodified bacteria,TGPs exhibit an enhanced adhesive capacity to mucin,which increases with the branching *** binding trend is observed in ex vivo colonic mucus adhesion experiments and bacteria glycosylated with tetra-branched compounds display the highest binding *** work proposes a chemical method to tune the abundance and distribution of sugar moieties on bacteria,providing unique significant insights into the manipulation of bacterial behavior through surface modification.

关键词： Topochemistry Bacteria Glycosylation Surface modification Mucoadhesion Click chemistry

SIRT1 inhibits apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells through suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress in vitro and in vivo

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1205-1216页

作者： Hui Cui Di Sun Sheng Meng Tian-ju Ma Zi Ye Zhao-Hui Li Medical School of Chinese PLA Beijing 100089China Senior Department of Ophthalmology the Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China

AIM:To explore the effect of silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1(SIRT1)on modulating apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)and alleviating lens opacification of rats through suppressing endoplasmic reticulum(ER)***:HLECs(SRA01/04)were treated with varying concentrations of tunicamycin(TM)for 24h,and the expression of SIRT1 and C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP)was assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),Western blotting,and *** morphology and proliferation was evaluated using an inverted microscope and cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,*** the SRA01/04 cell apoptosis model,which underwent siRNA transfection for SIRT1 knockdown and SRT1720 treatment for its activation,the expression levels of SIRT1,CHOP,glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78),and activating transcription factor 4(ATF4)were *** potential reversal of SIRT1 knockdown effects by 4-phenyl butyric acid(4-PBA;an ER stress inhibitor)was *** vivo,age-related cataract(ARC)rat models were induced by sodium selenite injection,and the protective role of SIRT1,activated by SRT1720 intraperitoneal injections,was evaluated through morphology observation,hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,Western blotting,and ***:SIRT1 expression was downregulated in TMinduced SRA01/04 ***,in SRA01/04 cells,both cell apoptosis and CHOP expression increased with the rising doses of *** stress was stimulated by TM,as evidenced by the increased GRP78 and ATF4 in the SRA01/04 cell apoptosis *** of SIRT1 by siRNA knockdown increased ER stress activation,whereas SRT1720 treatment had opposite results.4-PBA partly reverse the adverse effect of SIRT1 knockdown on *** vivo,SRT1720 attenuated the lens opacification and weakened the ER stress activation in ARC rat ***:SIRT1 plays a protective role against TM-induced apoptosis in HLECs and slows the progression of cataract in

关键词： silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis human lens epithelial cells cataract

TonEBP expression is essential in the IL-1β–induced migration and invasion of human A549 lung cancer cells

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 151-161页

作者： HEE ju SONG TAEHEE KIM HAN NA CHOI SOO JIN KIM SANG DO LEE Department of Physiology School of MedicineChungnam National UniversityDaejeon35015Korea

Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among all cancers,in part because it readily *** tumor microenvironment,comprising blood vessels,fibroblasts,immune cells,and macrophages[including tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)],is closely related to cancer cell growth,migration,and *** secrete several cytokines,including interleukin(IL)-1β,which participate in cancer migration and invasion.p21-activated kinase 1(PAK1),an important signaling molecule,induces cell migration and invasion in several ***responsive enhancer-binding protein(TonEBP)is also known to participate in cancer cell growth,migration,and ***,the mechanisms by which it increases lung cancer migration remain ***,in this study,we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which IL-1βand TonEBP affect lung cancer cell migration and *** found that A549 cocultured-MΦ-secreted IL-1βinduced A549 cell migration and invasion via the PAK1 *** deficiency reduced A549 cell migration and invasion and increased responsiveness to IL-1β–induced migration and ***1 phosphorylation,which was promoted by IL-1β,was reduced when TonEBP was *** results suggest that TonEBP plays an important role in IL-1βinduction and invasiveness of A549 cells via the PAK1 *** findings could be valuable in identifying potential targets for lung cancer treatment.

关键词： Lung cancer TonEBP Tumor microenvironment Tumor-associated macrophage IL-1β

Paleoclimatic application of spectral parameters to the eolian red clay of the Jianzha Basin,northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1952-1966页

作者： Chaofeng FU ju’e TIAN Xinwen XU Yougui SONG jun ZUO Feng WANG Lin CHEN Pengfei LI Xiaoke QIANG The School of Earth Science and Resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth and EnvironmentCASXi’an 710061China College of Urban and Environmental Science Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China

Reflectance spectroscopy is rapid,inexpensive,and non-destructive and can provide important information about the mineralogy of rocks and *** measured the reflectance spectroscopy of Miocene red clay deposits on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,with the aim of developing a rapid methodology for detecting paleoclimatic *** obtained visible/near-infrared(VNIR)and short-wave infrared(SWIR)spectroscopy data from the red clay in the Jianzha Basin,and analyzed their relationship with independent paleoclimatic records,including mineral contents and environmental magnetic *** results show that the VNIR parameters,including D500,D900,R500,and R900(where D and R represent the depth and reflectance of the absorption peaks around 500 and 900 nm,respectively)are temperature-sensitive and correlated with the magnetic susceptibility,frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility,and the marine δ^(18)O *** results of frequency-domain analysis of the VNIR parameters show that they reflect climate change on orbital *** parameters,such as AS1400,D1400/D1900 and D1900(where AS represents the asymmetry of the absorption peaks around1400 nm),are correlated with the illite and montmorillonite content,and they are sensitive to the weathering *** spectral parameters of the eolian red clay in the Jianzha Basin reflect regional climatic changes caused by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau at~8.5 Ma and global climatic cooling at~7.2 Ma,and thus they are applicable as both regional and global paleoenvironmental indicators.

关键词： Visible/near-infrared spectroscopy Short-wave infrared spectroscopy Paleoclimatic indicators Red clay Tibetan Plateau

Academic advising system and its application exploring in nursing colleges of China

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Nursing Communications 2024年第13期8卷 1-6页

作者： ju-ju Zhu Xiang-Shu Cui School of Nursing Yanbian UniversityYanji 133002China

Review the definition,origin,development and application status of the foreign academic advising system and make a comparison with the Chinese counselor *** with the perspectives of the learning difficulties and attrition rate of nursing students to explore the importance and significance of its implementation in Chinese nursing colleges and ***,present the prototype of the existing academic advising system in China,with the expectation of providing a theoretical basis for the introduction of this system in nursing colleges and universities and the cultivation of high-quality nursing talents.

关键词： nursing students academic advising academic advisor personal development career planning

Crack elimination and strength enhancement mechanisms of selective laser melted Si-modified Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第8期34卷 2431-2441页

作者： Jiang YU Yao-xiang GENG Hong-bo ju Zhi-jie ZHANG jun-hua XU School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China Department of Mechanical Engineering CEMMPRE-Centre for Mechanical Engineering Materials and ProcessesUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

In order to increase the processability and process window of the selective laser melting(SLM)-fabricated Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy,a novel Si-modified Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy was *** effect of Si alloying on the surface quality,processability,microstructure,and mechanical properties of the SLM-fabricated alloy was *** results showed that introducing Si into the Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy prevented balling and keyhole formation,refined the grain size,and reduced the solidification temperature,which eliminated cracks and increased the processability and process window of the *** maximum relative density of the SLM-fabricated Si/Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy reached 99.6%.The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the alloy were(371±7)MPa and(518±6)MPa,*** values were higher than those of the SLM-fabricated Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr and other Sc-free Al−Mg-based alloys.

关键词： selective laser melting Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr−Si alloy surface roughness processability mechanical properties

A strategy based on water soluble coal tar pitches to construct MnO_(2)@C composite materials with high electrochemical performance

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 311-320页

作者： LIU Bo WANG Kun GUO ZhaoQi HAN BeiBei XU GuiYing ju DongYing AN BaiGang LI YongCheng NI ZhenYong ZHOU WeiMin Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Research Liaoning Province University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051China Advanced Science Research Laboratory Saitama Institute of TechnologyFusaiji 1690Japan Liaoning Starry Sky Sodium Battery Co. Ltd.Anshan 114051China Sinosteel Anshan Research Institute of Thermo-Energy Co. Ltd.Anshan 114051China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine ChemistrySchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers Technology of Zhejiang Province Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China

The water soluble coal tar pitches(WS-CTPs)were successfully prepared and used to construct the MnO_(2)@C composite materials by a hydrothermal *** is interestingly observed that the structures and morphologies of MnO_(2)@C materials can be controlled by controlling the dosages of WS-CTPs and ***,it is aware that MnO_(2)exists in the MnO_(2)@C materials in an amorphous *** with MnO_(2),MnO_(2)@C materials output a remarkable improvement in electrochemical *** instance,MnO_(2)@C-0.3 shows the storage capacity at 965.7 mA h g^(−1)after 300 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g^(−1).In addition,after 600 cycles at a current density of 1.0 A g^(−1),the storage capacity of MnO_(2)@C-0.3 still keeps 450.3 mA h g^(−1),indicating that MnO_(2)@C-0.3 owns tremendous cycle stability at a high current *** view of the fact that the coal tar pitches possess great cost advantages,the strategy of using WS-CTPs as a carbon source to cover the metal oxides is a competitive way to expand the application of metal oxides in the fabrication of electrodes of LIBs.

关键词： water soluble coal tar pitches MnO_(2) composite materials lithium ion batteries(LIBs) energy storage systems(ESSs) coal tar pitches