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Abomasal infusion of branched-chain amino acids or branched-chain keto-acids alter lactation performance and liver triglycerides in fresh cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1145-1157页

作者： Kristen Gallagher Isabelle Bernstein Cynthia Collings David Main Ghayyoor Ahmad Sarah Naughton Jayasimha Daddam Vengai Mavangira Mike Vandehaar zheng zhou Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Ames 50011USA

Background Dairy cows are at high risk of fatty liver disease in early lactation,but current preventative measures are not always effective.Cows with fatty liver have lower circulating branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)concentra-tions whereas cows with high circulating BCAA levels have low liver triglyceride(TG).Our objective was to determine the impact of BCAA and their corresponding ketoacids(branched-chain ketoacids,BCKA)on production performance and liver TG accumulation in Holstein cows in the first 3 weeks postpartum.Methods Thirty-six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized block design experiment.Cows were abomasally infused for the first 21 d postpartum with solutions of 1)saline(CON,n=12);2)BCA(67 g valine,50 g leu-cine,and 34 g isoleucine,n=12);and 3)BCK(77 g 2-ketovaline calcium salt,57 g 2-ketoleucine calcium salt,and 39 g 2-ketoisoleucine calcium salt,n=12).All cows received the same diet.Treatment effects were determined using PROC GLIMMIX in SAS.Results No differences were detected for body weight,body condition score,or dry matter intake averaged over the first 21 d postpartum.Cows receiving BCK had significantly lower liver TG concentrations compared to CON(6.60%vs.4.77%,standard error of the mean(SEM)0.49)during the first 3 weeks of lactation.Infusion of BCA increased milk yield(39.5 vs.35.3 kg/d,SEM 1.8),milk fat yield(2.10 vs.1.69 kg/d,SEM 0.08),and lactose yield(2.11 vs.1.67 kg/d,SEM 0.07)compared with CON.Compared to CON,cows receiving BCA had lower plasma glucose(55.0 vs.59.2 mg/dL,SEM 0.86)but higherβ-hydroxybutyrate(9.17 vs.6.00 mg/dL,SEM 0.80).Conclusions Overall,BCAA supplementation in this study improved milk production,whereas BCKA supplementa-tion reduced TG accumulation in the liver of fresh cows.

关键词： Branched-chain amino acids Branched-chain ketoacids Fatty liver Fresh cow

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Effect of bubble morphology and behavior on power consumption in non-Newtonian fluids’aeration process

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 243-254页

作者： Xiemin Liu Jing Wan Jinnan Sun Lin Zhang Feng Zhang Zhibing Zhang Xinyao Li zheng zhou Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education(MOE) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals SINOPECDalian 116045China

Due to a prolonged operation time and low mass transfer efficiency, the primary challenge in the aeration process of non-Newtonian fluids is the high energy consumption, which is closely related to the form and rate of impeller, ventilation, rheological properties and bubble morphology in the reactor. In this perspective, through optimal computational fluid dynamics models and experiments, the relationship between power consumption, volumetric mass transfer rate(kLa) and initial bubble size(d0) was constructed to establish an efficient operation mode for the aeration process of non-Newtonian fluids. It was found that reducing the d0could significantly increase the oxygen mass transfer rate, resulting in an obvious decrease in the ventilation volume and impeller speed. When d0was regulated within 2-5 mm,an optimal kLa could be achieved, and 21% of power consumption could be saved, compared to the case of bubbles with a diameter of 10 mm.

关键词： Non-Newtonian fluids aeration process Power consumption Volumetric mass transfer rate Bubble size

Micro defects formation and dynamic response analysis of steel plate of quasi-cracking area subjected to explosive load

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 580-593页

作者： zheng-qing zhou Ze-chen Du Xiao Wang Hui-ling Jiang Qiang zhou Yu-long Zhang Yu-zhe Liu Pei-ze Zhang Research Institute of Macro-Safety Science University of Science and TechnologyBeijing100083China School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China School of Mechanical Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong226019China China North Industry Advanced Technology Generalization Institute Beijing100089China China Academy of Ordnance Science China

As the protective component,steel plate had attracted extensive attention because of frequently threats of explosive loads.In this paper,the evolution of microstructure and the mechanism of damage in the quasi-cracking area of steel plate subjected to explosive load were discussed and the relationships between micro defects and dynamic mechanical response were revealed.After the explosion experiment,five observation points were selected equidistant from the quasi-cracking area of the section of the steel plate along the thickness direction,and the characteristics of micro defects at the observation points were analyzed by optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM) and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD).The observation result shows that many slip bands(SBs) appeared,and the grain orientation changed obviously in the steel plate,the two were the main damage types of micro defects.In addition,cracks,peeling pits,grooves and other lager micro defects were appeared in the lower area of the plate.The stress parameters of the observation points were obtained through an effective numerical model.The mechanism of damage generation and crack propagation in the quasicracking area were clarified by comparing the specific impulse of each observation point with the corresponding micro defects.The result shows that the generation and expansion of micro defects are related to the stress area(i.***.the upper compression area,the neutral plane area,and the lower tension area).The micro defects gather and expand at the grain boundary,and will become macroscopic damage under the continuous action of tensile stress.Besides,the micro defects at the midpoint of the section of the steel plate in the direction away from the explosion center(i.***.the horizontal direction) were also studied.It was found that the specific impulse at these positions were much smaller than that in the thickness direction,the micro defects were only SBs and a few micro cracks,and the those decreased with the increase of the distance from the e

关键词： Explosive load Quasi-cracking area Micro defects Steel plate Dynamic response Numerical simulation

Kinetics study of the N-formylation of aniline with DMF catalyzed by temperature-controlled Brùnsted ionic liquids

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第12期52卷 154-160页

作者： Yipeng zheng Zhennan Cao zheng zhou Gaodong Yang Zhibing Zhang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

A series of SO_(3)-functional Br?nsted acidic ionic liquids(SBAILs)were prepared to catalyze the Nformylation of aniline with DMF.The reaction conditions such as ionic liquid type,reaction temperature.catalyst loading and molar ratio of reactants were investigated.To the best of our knowledge,kinetic model for the N-formylation of aniline with DMF using SBAIL was firstly built and simulated.The studies on the reaction order of the reaction were evaluated by initial concentration method,and the kinetic parameters such as reaction rate constant and activation energy were proposed and used to explain the catalytic activities of the SBAILs catalysts.Accordingly,the recycling experiments showed that the SBAIL[Bsmim][HSO_(4)]can be easily recovered and reused with stable activity.Further,the temperature-controlled study emphasized that the ionic liquid was easy to be separated and environmentally friendly.

关键词： N-formylation of aniline Ionic liquid Temperature-controlled system Kinetic

Experimental study on surface integrity refactoring changes of Ti-17 under milling-ultrasonic rolling composite process

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Advances in Manufacturing 2023年第3期11卷 492-508页

作者： zheng zhou Chang-Feng Yao Liang Tan Ya Zhang Yi Fan Key Laboratory of High Performance Manufacturing for Aero Engine Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologySchool of Mechanical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072People's Republic of China Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Aero Engine Ministry of EducationSchool of Mechanical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072People's Republic of China

Ultrasonic rolling is an advanced non-cutting surface strengthening method that combines traditional rolling with ultrasonic vibration.In this research,the experiment of orthogonal end milling-ultrasonic rolling composite process has been carried out.The surface integrity refactoring changes and its mechanism of Ti-17 titanium alloy during the milling-ultrasonic rolling composite process has been studied and analyzed by the test and analysis of the surface geometric characteristics,residual stress,microhardness and microstructure before and after ultrasonic rolling.The residual stress and microhardness gradient distribution were characterized by cosine decay function and exponential decay function.All indicators of surface integrity were significantly improved after ultrasonic rolling.The study demonstrates that the reduction effect of the surface roughness by ultrasonic rolling process is inversely proportional to the initial surface roughness value.The ultrasonic rolling can only change the distribution form of the surface topography when the initial surface roughness is small.In addition,the improvement effect of ultrasonic rolling on surface compressive residual stress and microhardness decreased with the increase of initial milled surface roughness and surface compressive residual stress due to the factors such as energy absorption efficiency and mechanical properties changes of surface materials.A better ultrasonic rolled surface can be obtained by controlling the roughness and residual compressive stress of the initial milling surface to a small level.

关键词： Ti-17 End milling Ultrasonic rolling Surface integrity Refactoring changes

Novel mutation c.2090_2091del in neurodevelopmental-craniofacial syndrome with variable renal and cardiac abnormalities in an 18.5-mo-old boy:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第16期11卷 3891-3898页

作者： Yi Li zheng zhou Yan Xu Zhi-Ru Wang College of Pediatrics Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics The First Affiliated HospitalHenan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental-craniofacial syndrome with variable renal and cardiac abnormalities(NECRC)is a rare,autosomal,dominant neurological disorder caused by mutations in the ZMYM2 gene.To date,the clinical and functional characteristics of the novel ZMYM2 mutation c.2090_2091del have not yet been reported.CASE SUMMARY The patient was an 18.5-mo-old Chinese boy with motor and language delay,microcephaly,facial dysmorphism,moderate malnutrition,single palmar crease on the left hand,synpolydactyly of the right foot,hypotonia and feeding problems.The boy who was diagnosed with NECRC was enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,and his clinical data were collected.From the whole-exon sequencing(WES)data,the pathogenic SNVs/InDels were identified,and the molecular findings were characterized.WES revealed that the heterozygous variant in the ZMYM2 gene was c.2090_20-91del,p.Ser697TrpfsTer3,a frameshift mutation,which is a NECRC-related gene mutation.CONCLUSION We performed a systematic literature review to identify and characterize NECRC.Substantial evidence from the literature indicated that patients with ZMYM2 gene mutation showed different degrees of intellectual disability,motor and language retardation,facial dysmorphism,and a few had congenital heart defects,kidney and urinary tract abnormalities.Early diagnosis and prompt management with comprehensive rehabilitation training are beneficial,but may not improve long-term outcomes.

关键词： ZMYM2 NECRC Frameshift mutation Global developmental delay Case report

Porous, multi-layered piezoelectric composites based on highly oriented PZT/PVDF electrospinning fibers for high-performance piezoelectric nanogenerators

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第2期11卷 331-344页

作者： Xiangxin DU zheng zhou Zhao ZHANG Liqin YAO Qilong ZHANG Hui YANG School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)that can harvest mechanical energy from ambient environment have broad prospects for multi-functional applications.Here,multi-layered piezoelectric composites with a porous structure based on highly oriented Pb(Zr_(0.52)Ti_(0.48))O_(3)/PVDF(PZT/PVDF)electrospinning fibers are prepared via a laminating method to construct high-performance PENGs.PZT particles as piezoelectric reinforcing phases are embedded in PVDF fibers and facilitate the formation of polarβphase in PVDF.The multi-layered,porous structure effectively promotes the overall polarization and surface bound charge density,resulting in a highly efficient electromechanical conversion.The PENG based on 10 wt%PZT/PVDF composite fibers with a 220µm film thickness outputs an optimal voltage of 62.0 V and a power of 136.9μW,which are 3.4 and 6.5 times those of 10 wt%PZT/PVDF casting film-based PENG,respectively.Importantly,the PENG shows a high sensitivity of 12.4 V·N^(−1),presenting a significant advantage in comparison to PENGs with other porous structures.In addition,the composites show excellent flexibility with a Young’s modulus of 227.2 MPa and an elongation of 262.3%.This study shows a great potential application of piezoelectric fiber composites in flexible energy harvesting devices.

关键词： piezoelectric composite piezoelectric nanogenerator(PENG) porous structure Pb(Zr_(0.52)Ti_(0.48))O_(3)(PZT) PZT/PVDF electrospinning fibers flexible self-powered devices

An Intelligent Control Method for the Low-Carbon Operation of Energy-Intensive Equipment

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Engineering 2023年第8期27卷 84-95页

作者： Tianyou Chai Mingyu Li zheng zhou Siyu Cheng Yao Jia Zhiwei Wu State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China National Engineering Technology Research Center for Metallurgical Industry Automation(Shenyang) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Based on an analysis of the operational control behavior of operation experts on energy-intensive equipment,this paper proposes an intelligent control method for low-carbon operation by combining mechanism analysis with deep learning,linking control and optimization with prediction,and integrating decision-making with control.This method,which consists of setpoint control,self-optimized tuning,and tracking control,ensures that the energy consumption per tonne is as low as possible,while remaining within the target range.An intelligent control system for low-carbon operation is developed by adopting the end-edge-cloud collaboration technology of the Industrial Internet.The system is successfully applied to a fused magnesium furnace and achieves remarkable results in reducing carbon emissions.

关键词： Energy-intensive equipment Low-carbon operation Intelligent control End-edge-cloud collaboration technology

Study on the epoxidation of olefins with H_(2)O_(2)catalyzed by biquaternary ammonium phosphotungstic acid

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第6期58卷 146-154页

作者： Zijie Zhang Qianyu Zha Ying Liu Zhibing Zhang Jia Liu zheng zhou School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Selective epoxidation of olefins is an important field in chemical industry.In this work,we developed a new phosphotungstic acid catalyst{[(C_8H_(17))(CH_(3))_(2)N]_(2)(CH_(2))_(3)}_(1.5){PO_(4)[WO(O_(2))_(2)]_(4)}with long carbon chain and biquaternary ammonium cation.Cyclohexene could be epoxidized to cyclohexene oxide in 96.3%conversion and 98.2%selectivity.The catalyst type,solvent type,catalyst loading,initial molar ratio,temperature,cycle performance and substrate extensibility were studied and optimized,the kinetic parameters about overall reaction and unit reaction were also calculated.Dynamic light scattering analysis was carried out to explain the different catalytic performance between catalysts with different carbon chain length.This novel catalyst and the corresponding dynamics and mechanism study could probably help the industrial application on the epoxidation of cyclohexene with H_(2)O_(2).

关键词： Epoxidation of olefins Phosphotungstic acid Cyclohexene Kinetic study