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Plate tectonics in the Archean:Observations versus interpretations

science china {2. {3. 2024年第1期67卷 1-30页

作者： yongfei zheng school of earth and {2. {3. University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China Center of Excellence for Comparative Planetology Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China

Plate tectonics theory,established in the 1960s,has been successful in explaining many geological phenomena,processes and events that occurred in the ***,the theory has often struggled to provide a coherent framework in interpreting geological records in continental interior and Precambrian *** dealing with the relationship between plate tectonics and continental geology,continental interior tectonics was often separated from continental margin tectonics in the inheritance and development of their structure and *** separation led to the illusion that the plate tectonics theory is not applicable to Precambrian geology,particularly in explaining the fundamental geological characteristics of Archean *** this illusion does not mean that the Archean continental crust did not originate from a regime of plate tectonics,it led to the development of alternative tectonic models,often involving vertical movements under a regime of stagnant lid tectonics,including not only endogenous processes such as gravitational sagduction,mantle plumes and heat pipes but also exogenous processes such as bolide *** vertical processes were not unique to the Archean but persisted into the *** result from mantle poloidal convection at different depths,not specific to any particular *** the plate tectonics theory from the traditional kinematic model in the 2.th century to a holistic kinematic-dynamic model in the 2.st century and systematically examining the vertical transport of matter and energy at plate margins,it is evident that plate tectonics can explain the common geological characteristics of Archean cratons,such as lithological associations,structural patterns and metamorphic *** deciphering the structure and composition of convergent plate margins as well as their dynamics,the formation and evolution of continental crust since the Archean can be divided into ancient plate tectonics in the Preca

关键词： Plate tectonics Archean geology Continental origin Crustal reworking Plate interior Plate margin

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Mineralogical evidence for continental deep subduction

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Chinese science Bulletin 2003年第10期48卷 952-954页

作者： zheng yongfei school of earth and space sciences, university of science and technology of china, Hefei 2.002., {2. Univ Sci & Technol china Sch Earth & Space Sci Hefei 230026 Peoples R China

Diamond is an index mineral to prove ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic conditions because it is only stable at the pressures above 3.3.GPa. Its occurrence in eclogite-facies metamorphic rocks suggests plate subduction to depths over 12. km assuming the normal gradient of lithostatic pressure. Because UHP eclogites are the metamorphic products of basaltic rocks, the occurrence of diamond in the eclogites demonstrates a complete geodynamic cycle in that mafic crustal rocks were subducted to mantle depths at once and then returned back to the earth's surface.

关键词：矿物学超高压石英地球表面正态重力梯度

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A holistic perspective on earth system science

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science china {2. {3. 2024年第10期67卷 3013-3040页

作者： yongfei zheng zhengtang GUO Nianzhi JIAO Mu MU Shilong PIAO Suiyan FU Dinghui YANG Maoyan ZHU State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China school of Ocean and earth {2. Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China school of Environment Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China school of earth and {2. {3. Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Mathematical sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

earth system can be categorized into three parts, solid earth system, surface earth system, and Sun-earth space system. These three subsystems not only have mutual transmission and coupling relationships in both energy and matter but also involve multiple scales from microscopic to macroscopic. earth system science is characterized by its globality and unity with a holistic view and a systematic view at multiple scales in both space and time. It focuses not only on the physical, chemical and biological interactions between various geospheres but also on the properties, behaviors, processes, and mechanisms of the entire earth and its spheres. Although significant progress has been made in the study of internal disciplines of these three subsystems,there is still insufficient understanding of their overall behavior and interactions between individuals, thus facing challenges of different types and levels. The solid earth system is composed of the crust, mantle, and core. Existing observational techniques struggle to penetrate deep into the mantle, making direct observation and data acquisition difficult;the extreme environments within earth, such as high temperature, high pressure, and strong magnetic fields, also pose great challenges to observational equipment and scientific experiments. The surface earth system is an open complex mega-system, in which there are complex interactions and feedback mechanisms among its geospheres(such as atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, pedosphere and lithosphere), leading to difficulties in understanding of its overall behavior and long-term evolution. Biological activities have become increasingly significant in affecting the surface earth system. The coupling between the internal and external earth systems becomes more complex. Distinguishing and quantifying the impacts of earth spherical interactions and biological activities on the surface earth system is a major challenge. The Sun-earth space system involves multiple physical

关键词： earth's interior earth's exterior Geospheres Energy exchange Material transfer

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Characteristics of low-frequency oscillation intensity of airsea turbulent heat fluxes over the northwest Pacific

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science china {2. {3. 2009年第8期52卷 1137-1151页

作者： LI Gen, REN BaoHua, zheng JianQiu & WANG Jun school of {2. and {3. sciences, university of science and technology of china, Hefei 2.002., china school of earth and {2. {3. University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China

Based on the daily turbulent heat fluxes and related meteorological variables datasets (1985-2.06) from Objectively Analyzed air-sea Fluxes (OAFlux) Project of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), characteristics of low-frequency oscillation intensity of air-sea turbulent heat fluxes over the northwest Pacific are analyzed by linear perturbation method and correlation analysis. It can be concluded that: 1) the distribution of low-frequency oscillation intensity of latent heat flux (LHF) over the northwest Pacific is mainly affected by that of low-frequency oscillation intensity of anomalous air-sea humidity gradient (Δq′) as well as mean air-sea humidity gradient ( Δ q), while the distribution of low-frequency oscillation intensity of sensible heat flux (SHF) is mainly affected by that of low-frequency oscillation intensity of anomalous air-sea temperature gradient (ΔT′). 2. The low-frequency oscillation of turbulent heat fluxes over the northwest Pacific is the strongest in winter and the weakest in summer. And the seasonal transition of low-frequency oscillation intensity of LHF is jointly influenced by those of low-frequency oscillation intensity of Δq′, low-frequency oscillation intensity of anomalous wind speed (U′), Δ q and mean wind speed (U ), while the seasonal transition of low-frequency oscillation intensity of SHF is mainly influenced by those of low-frequency oscillation intensity of ΔT′ and U . 3. Over the tropical west Pacific and sea areas north of 2.°N, the low-frequency oscillation of LHF (SHF) is mainly influenced by atmospheric variables qa′ (Ta′) and U′, indicating an oceanic response to overlying atmospheric forcing. In contrast, over the tropical eastern and central Pacific south of 2.°N, qs′ (Ts′) also greatly influences the low-frequency oscillation of LHF (SHF).

关键词： northwest Pacific latent heat flux sensible heat flux low-frequency oscillation

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Neoproterozoic magmatic activity and global change

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Chinese science Bulletin 2003年第16期48卷 1639-1656页

作者： zheng yongfei school of earth and space sciences, university of {2. and Technol-ogy of {3., Hefei 2.002., {3. (e-mail: yfzheng@***) school of earth and {2. {3. University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China

Neoproterozoic is a very important time in the history of the earth, during which occurred supercontinent breakup, low-latitude glaciation, and biotic diversification. These concern a series of interdisciplinary studies involving ancient plate motion, climate change and life evolution, re-sulting in many forefront topics of general interest in the earth {2.. These include exact ages bracketing the Cryogenian System and glaciations, initial age and lasted duration of supercontinent breakup, dynamic reconstruction of {3. continents in supercontinental configurations, the nature of rift magmatism and extent of hydrothermal altera-tion, paleoclimatic implication of water-rock interaction and low-18O magmatism, and relationship between superconti-nental evolution and global change. A number of outstanding advances in the above aspects have being made by Chinese scientists, leaving many important issues to be resolved: (1) did the Cryogenian start at either 800 to 82. Ma or 760 to 780 Ma? (2. was South {3. in the supercontinental con-figuration located in either southeast to Australia or north to India? (3. are Paleoproterozoic to Archean ages of crustal rocks a valid parameter in distinguishing North {3. from South {3.? Available observations suggest that Neopro-terozoic mantle superwelling occurred as conspicuous mag-matism in South {3. but as cryptical magmatism in North {3.. Mid-Neoproterozoic mantle superplume event and its derived rift-magmatism would not only result in the supercontinental demise, but also play a very important role in the generation and evolution of the snowball earth event by initiating the global glaciation, causing the local degla-ciation and terminating the snowball earth event.

关键词：原生代大陆断裂低纬度地区生物多样性板块运动气候变化生物进化大陆构架全球变化冰川

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Latest progress on interactions between VLF/ELF waves and energetic electrons in the inner magnetosphere

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science china {2. {3. 2010年第3期53卷 317-326页

作者： XIAO FuLiang1,2. ZONG QiuGang3. SU ZhenPeng4, TIAN Tian3.& zheng HuiNan4 1 school of Physics and Electronic {2., Changsha {3. of science and technology, Changsha 410004, china 2.State Key Laboratory of space Weather, Chinese Academy of {2., Beijing 100190, china 3.Institute of space Physics and Applied technology, Peking {3., Beijing 100871, china 4 CAS Key Lab for Basic Plasma science, school of earth and space {2., university of science and technology of china, Hefei 2.002., china school of Physics and Electronic sciences Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha China State Key Laboratory of space Weather Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of space Physics and Applied technology Peking University Beijing China CAS Key Lab for Basic Plasma science School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China

Interactions between very/extremely low frequency (VLF/ELF) waves and energetic electrons play a fundamental role in dynamics occurring in the inner magnetosphere. Here, we briefly discuss global properties of VLF/ELF waves, along with the variability of the electron radiation belts associated with wave-particle interactions and radial diffusion. We provide cases of electron loss and acceleration as a result of wave-particle interactions primarily due to such waves, and particularly some preliminary results of 3. evolution of phase space density from our currently developing 3. code. We comment on the existing mechanisms responsible for acceleration and loss, and identify several critical issues that need to be addressed. We review latest progress and suggest open questions for future investigation.

关键词： wave-particle interaction VLF/ELF waves energetic electrons acceleration and loss inner magnetosphere

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The Thermal History of the Huangmeijian Granite Intrusion in Anhui and Its Relation to Mineralization: Isotopic Evidence

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1996年第2期70卷 168-180页

作者： zheng yongfei Fu Bin and Gong Bing Department of {2. and {3. sciences, university of science and technology of china, Hefei 2.002. Liu Xinzhu Department of earth and space {2. University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026

Whole-rock Rb-Sr, zircon U-Pb and hornblende, biotite and K-feldspar K-Ar ages areused to reconstruct the cooling history of the Huangmeijian intrusion in the Anqing-Lujiangquartz-syenite belt in Anhui. Oxygen isotope geothermometry of mineral pairs demonstrates thatdiffusion is a dominant factor controlling the closure of isotopic systems. Assuming the coolingof the intrusion is synchronous with a dicrease in local geothermal gradients, an emplacementdepth of about 8 km and the magma crystallization temperature of 800±50℃ are estimated. TheHuangmeijian intrusion experienced a rapid cooling process and uplifted after its emplacementand crystallization at 13. Ma B.P. with a cooling rate of 3..5℃/Ma and an uplifting rate of 0.3.mm/a. The intrusion was rising until it rested at a depth of 3.m at a temperature of 3.0±50℃about 14 Ma later. Then the intrusion was in slow cooling and uplifting with a cooling rate of4.4℃/Ma and an uplifting rate of 0.04 mm/a. U-Pb dating of pitchblende is done for the hydrothermal uranium deposit formed in thecontact zone of the Huangmeijian intrusion. The result shows that the mineralization age is closeto the closing time of the K-Ar system in biotite. The fluid inclusion thermometry indicates thatthe mineralization temperature is in agreement with the closure temperature of the biotite K-Arsystem. This suggests a close relationship between the slow cooling of the intrusion and thehydrothermal uranium mineralization process.

关键词： quartz syenite isotopic age oxygen isotope cooling history mineralization rate control

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Source mechanism of strong aftershocks (M_s≥5.6) of the 2.08/05/12.Wenchuan earthquake and the implication for seismotectonics

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science china {2. {3. 2009年第6期52卷 739-753页

作者： zheng Yong1,2.MA HongSheng3.Lü Jian4,NI SiDao5,LI YingChun6 & WEI ShengJi2.1 Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of {3.,Wuhan 43.077,{2. 2.Institute of Geophysics,Chinese {3.quake Administration,Beijing 100086,{2. 3.Institute of {3.quake science,Chinese {3.quake Administration,Beijing 100086,{2. 4 {3.quake Administration of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 3.003.,{2. 5 school of {3. and space science,university of science and technology of {2.,Hefei 2.002.,{2. 6 {3.quake Administration of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 2.0014,{2. Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China Institute of Geophysics Chinese Earthquake Administration Beijing China Institute of earthquake science Chinese Earthquake Administration Beijing China earthquake Administration of Jiangxi Province Nanchang China school of earth and {2. {3. University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China earthquake Administration of Jiangsu Province Nanjing China

Dozens of >M5, hundreds of >M4, and much more >M3.aftershocks occurred after the 2.08/05/12.Wenchuan earthquake, which were well recorded by permanent and portable seismic stations. After relocated with P arrival, the >M3.aftershocks show two trends of distribution, with most of the aftershocks located along the north-east strike consistent with Longmenshan fault system, yet there is a north-west trend around the epicenter. It seems that substantially more aftershocks occur in regions with crystalline bedrocks. Then we collected waveform data from National Digital Seismograph Network and regional seismograph network of {3., and employed 'Cut and Paste' method to obtain focal mechanisms and depths of the big aftershocks (M≥5.6). While most of those aftershocks show thrust mechanism, there are some strike slip earthquakes in the northern-most end of the rupture. Focal mechanisms show that the events located on the southern part of central Beichuan-Yingxiu Fault (BY) are mainly thrust earthquakes, which is consistent with initial mechanism of the main shock rupture. In the north part the aftershocks along the BY are also dominated by thrust slip, which is quite different from the right slip rupture of the main shock. Around Qingchuan-Pingwu Fault, the focal mechanisms are dominated by right-slip rupture with large depths (~18 km). So we suspected that in the north part the main shock might rupture on two faults: Beichuan Fault and Qingchuan-Pingwu Fault. The complex pattern of aftershock mechanisms argues for presence of a complicated fault system in the Longmenshan area.

关键词： focal mechanism seismotectonics Wenchuan earthquake cut and paste.

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SULFUR ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE FOR MAGMA DEGASSING

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Scientia Geologica Sinica 1994年第1期 41-49页

作者： zheng yongfei(Department of {2. and {3. sciences, university of science and technology of china, Hefei,Anhui 2.002.)

ＳＵＬＦＵＲＩＳＯＴＯＰＩＣＥＶＩＤＥＮＣＥＦＯＲＭＡＧＭＡＤＥＧＡＳＳＩＮＧ￥ＺｈｅｎｇＹｏｎｇｆｅｉ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥａｒｔｈａｎｄＳｐａｃｅＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎ... 详细信息

ＳＵＬＦＵＲＩＳＯＴＯＰＩＣＥＶＩＤＥＮＣＥＦＯＲＭＡＧＭＡＤＥＧＡＳＳＩＮＧ￥ＺｈｅｎｇＹｏｎｇｆｅｉ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥａｒｔｈａｎｄＳｐａｃｅＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙＯｆＣｈｉｎ...

关键词： MAGMA SULFUR ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE FOR MAGMA DEGASSING

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大陆碰撞带深熔变质与花岗岩成因

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地球科学 2024年第1期49卷 1-28页

作者：郑永飞陈仁旭高彭中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院安徽合肥230026 中国科学院壳幔物质与环境重点实验室安徽合肥230026 中国科学院比较行星学卓越研究中心安徽合肥230026

大陆碰撞带是地壳岩石发生深熔变质和花岗岩浆作用的重要场所,也是超大陆发生聚合和裂解过程的关键位置.对深熔变质作用的理解有助于揭示地壳分异过程和花岗岩成因等诸多问题,同时对威尔逊旋回过程中超大陆动力学的理解有重要启示.在大... 详细信息

大陆碰撞带是地壳岩石发生深熔变质和花岗岩浆作用的重要场所,也是超大陆发生聚合和裂解过程的关键位置.对深熔变质作用的理解有助于揭示地壳分异过程和花岗岩成因等诸多问题,同时对威尔逊旋回过程中超大陆动力学的理解有重要启示.在大陆碰撞过程的不同阶段,其动力体制会从挤压变成拉张,地温梯度会由低变高,从而形成时空分布不同、矿物组合各异的变质岩和岩浆岩.在大陆碰撞和俯冲的挤压阶段,变质温压比值较低,只有硬碰撞引起的地壳加厚产生的高压麻粒岩相变质作用以及深俯冲导致的超高压变质作用,不会发生深熔变质作用.在大陆深俯冲结束之际,板块界面动力体制由挤压变为拉张,受到超高压变质的地壳会以岩片状沿俯冲隧道发生逆冲折返.在大陆碰撞后阶段,一旦碰撞带岩石圈地幔发生减薄,软流圈地幔上涌导致主动张裂,上覆地壳就会在高的地温梯度下发生巴肯型深熔变质作用,从而形成大量的花岗岩.因此,地壳深熔变质和花岗质岩浆的发育程度与岩石圈厚度的变化密切相关.虽然幔源镁铁质岩浆结晶分异作用是大洋俯冲带之上花岗岩形成的常见方式,但是地壳部分熔融才是大陆碰撞带花岗岩浆作用的典型方式.地壳岩石性质是形成不同类型花岗岩的关键,I型和S型花岗岩分别主要来自于变火成岩和变沉积岩的部分熔融,而A型花岗岩则起源于堆晶或残留体的部分熔融.脱水熔融和水化熔融是产生花岗岩浆的两种基本物理化学机制,二者可在同一区域内发生,构成脱水-水化耦合的部分熔融机制.大陆碰撞带作为古板块缝合带,也是构造薄弱带,易于发育大陆主动张裂,这是在碰撞后阶段深部陆壳脱水-水化耦合熔融直至浅部陆壳部分熔融的主要构造机制,结果形成花岗岩-混合岩-麻粒岩高温岩石组合.一般来说,超大陆聚合阶段与碰撞挤压背景下的变质作用相关,而超大陆裂解与主动张裂拉张体制下的变质作用相关.虽然大陆张裂未必都能成功,但是其中夭折张裂在业已汇聚板块边缘最为常见.因此,夭折大陆张裂与陆内深熔变质作用和花岗岩浆作用之间的关系最为密切,这也是正确认识超大陆聚合之后到裂解之前陆内地质过程与构造演化之间关系的关键.

关键词：大陆碰撞深熔变质花岗岩浆大陆张裂陆内造山化学地球动力学汇聚板块边缘

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