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Recent advances in heterogeneous catalysis of solar-driven carbon dioxide conversion

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 165-182页

作者： Jun Xu Farzaneh Arabpour Roghabadi Ying Luo Vahid Ahmadi Qian wang zheng wang Hong He State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuoHenan 454000China Department of Process Engineering Faculty of Chemical EngineeringTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Optoelectronics and Nanophotonics Research Group Faculty of Electrical and Computer EngineeringTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya 464-8603Japan

Solar-driven carbon dioxide(CO_(2))conversion including photocatalytic(PC),photoelectrochemical(PEC),photovoltaic plus electrochemical(PV/EC)systems,offers a renewable and scalable way to produce fuels and high-value chemicals for environment and energy sustainability.This review summarizes the basic fundament and the recent advances in the field of solar-driven CO_(2)conversion.Expanding the visible-light absorption is an important strategy to improve solar energy conversion efficiency.The separation and migration of photogenerated charges carriers to surface sites and the surface catalytic processes also determine the photocatalytic performance.Surface engineering including co-catalyst loading,defect engineering,morphology control,surface modification,surface phase junction,and Z-scheme photocatalytic system construction,have become fundamental strategies to obtain high-efficiency photocatalysts.Similar to photocatalysis,these strategies have been applied to improve the conversion efficiency and Faradaic efficiency of typical PEC systems.In PV/EC systems,the electrode surface structure and morphology,electrolyte effects,and mass transport conditions affect the activity and selectivity of electrochemical CO_(2)reduction.Finally,the challenges and prospects are addressed for the development of solar-driven CO_(2)conversion system with high energy conversion efficiency,high product selectivity and stability.

关键词： Solar-driven CO_(2)reduction Photocatalytic system Photoelectrochemical system Photovoltaic plus electrochemical system Surface/interface engineering

Resilience-oriented Transmission Expansion Planning with Optimal Transmission Switching Under Typhoon Weather

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 129-138页

作者： Yang Yuan Heng Zhang Haozhong Cheng zheng wang Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion Ministry of EducationElectrical Engineering DepartmentShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina State Grid East China Branch ShanghaiChina

This paper presents resilience-oriented transmission expansion planning(RTEP)with optimal transmission switching(OTS)model under typhoon weather.The proposed model carefully considers the uncertainty of component vulnerability by constructing a typhoon-related box uncertainty set where component failure rate varies within a range closely related with typhoon intensity.Accordingly,a min-max-min model is developed to enhance transmission network resilience,where the upper level minimizes transmission lines investment,the middle level searches for the probability distribution of failure status leading to max worst-case expected load-shedding(WCEL)under typhoon,and the lower level optimizes WCEL by economic dispatch(ED)and OTS.A nested decomposition algorithm based on benders decomposition is developed to solve the model.Case studies of modified IEEE 30-bus and 261-bus system of a Chinese region illustrate that:a)the proposed RTEP method can enhance resilience of transmission network with less investment than widely used RTEP method based on attacker and defender(DAD)model,b)the influence of OTS on RTEP is closely related with contingency severity and system scale and c)the RTEP model can be efficiently solved even in a large-scale system.

关键词： Decomposition algorithm optimal transmission switching resilience transmission expansion planning uncertainty vulnerability

A frequency servo SoC with output power stabilization loop technology for miniaturized atomic clocks

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第6期45卷 13-22页

作者： Hongyang Zhang Xinlin Geng Zonglin Ye Kailei wang Qian Xie zheng wang School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

A frequency servo system-on-chip(FS-SoC)featuring output power stabilization technology is introduced in this study for high-precision and miniaturized cesium(Cs)atomic clocks.The proposed power stabilization loop(PSL)technique,incorporating an off-chip power detector(PD),ensures that the output power of the FS-SoC remains stable,mitigating the impact of power fluctuations on the atomic clock's stability.Additionally,a one-pulse-per-second(1PPS)is employed to syn-chronize the clock with GPS.Fabricated using 65 nm CMOS technology,the measured phase noise of the FS-SoC stands at-69.5 dBc/Hz@100 Hz offset and-83.9 dBc/Hz@1 kHz offset,accompanied by a power dissipation of 19.7 mW.The Cs atomic clock employing the proposed FS-SoC and PSL obtains an Allan deviation of 1.7×10^(-11) with 1-s averaging time.

关键词： CMOS technology atomic clock phase-locked loop output power stabilization 1PPS

A Quick Calculation Method for Radiation Pattern of Submillimeter Telescope with Deformation and Displacement

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 249-265页

作者： Jia You Yi-Wei Yao zheng wang School of Automation Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Radiation pattern captures the electromagnetic performance of reflector antennas,which is significantly affected by the deformation of the primary reflector due to gravity and the displacement of the secondary reflector.During the design process of large reflector antennas,a substantial amount of time is often dedicated to iteratively adjusting structural parameters and validating electromagnetic performance.To improve the efficiency of the design process,we first propose an approximate calculation method of optical path difference(OPD)for the deformation of the primary reflector under gravity and the displacement of the secondary reflector.Then an OPD fitting function based on the modified Zernike polynomials is proposed to capture the phase difference of radiation over the aperture plane,based on which the radiation pattern will be obtained quickly by the aperture field integration method.Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed quick calculation method for analyzing the radiation pattern of a 10.4 m submillimeter telescope antenna at its highest operating frequency of 856 GHz.In comparison with the numerical simulation method based on GRASP(which is an antenna electromagnetic analysis tool combining physical optics(PO)and physical theory of diffraction(PTD)),the quick calculation method reduces the time for radiation pattern analysis from more than one hour to less than two minutes.Furthermore,the quick calculation method exhibits excellent accuracy for the figure of merit(FOM)of the radiation pattern.Therefore,the proposed quick calculation method can obtain the radiation pattern with high speed and accuracy.Compared to the time-consuming numerical simulation method(PO and PTD),it can be employed for quick analysis of the radiation pattern for the lateral displacement of the secondary reflector and the deformation of the primary reflector under gravity in the design process of a reflector antenna.

关键词： instrumentation high angular resolution-methods data analysis-methods analytical

The clinical,radiological,and surgical characteristics of anterior perforated substance glioma:a retrospective study

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2024年第1期10卷 28-34页

作者： Zhiliang wang Lianwang Li zheng wang Xuzhu Chen Zhong Zhang Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNo.119 South 4th Ring West RoadBeijing 100070People’s Republic of China Department of Molecular Neuropathology Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Radiology Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Radiology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNo.119 South 4th Ring West RoadBeijing 100070People’s Republic of China

Background To explore the clinical,radiological,and surgical characteristics of anterior perforated substance(APS)gliomas.Methods Twenty patients with APS glioma who were treated with surgery between March 2019 and January 2022 from Tiantan hospital were retrospectively reviewed.The clinical,histological and radiological data were collected.Results Twenty patients,including 7 males(55%)and 13 females(45%),with a mean age at diagnosis of 37.9 years(range,28-53 years)underwent operative intervention for APS.Headaches and dizziness were the most common preoperative symptoms in the majority patients(14,70%).Based on radiological features of MRI,the APS was classified into two subtypes,type A and type B.Seven patients(40%)in type A indicated a clear tumor margin,while 13 patients(60%)in type B showed an ill-defined margin.The surgical approach including frontal,temporal,and coronal frontal incisions for type A and type B tumors,respectively.Three patients in type A received total resection,while one patient in type B were total resected.Pathologically,12 cases(60%,12/20)were diagnosed as astrocytoma and 8 cases(20%,8/20)were oligodendroglioma.Meanwhile,17 cases(85%,17/20)had MGMT promotor methylation.Conclusion In this study,we performed the first systematic research of patients with APS glioma.Most of patients with APS presented headaches and dizziness symptoms.The APS glioma was further divided into two major radiological subtypes with relevant different surgical approaches.The APS glioma in type A were more likely to receive total resection.

关键词： Anterior perforated substance Glioma Magnetic resonance imaging Operation

Comparison of various prediction models in the effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Chinese population 5 years after surgery

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第3期137卷 320-328页

作者： Chengyuan Yu Liang wang Guangzhong Xu Guanyang Chen Qing Sang Qiqige Wuyun zheng wang Chenxu Tian Nengwei Zhang Surgery Centre of Diabetes Mellitus Peking University Ninth School of Clinical MedicineBeijing 100038China Department of Surgery Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038China

Background:The effect of bariatric surgery on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)control can be assessed based on predictive models of T2DM remission.Various models have been externally verified internationally.However,long-term validated results after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG)surgery are lacking.The best model for the Chinese population is also unknown.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed Chinese population data 5 years after LSG at Beijing Shijitan Hospital in China between March 2009 and December 2016.The independent t-test,Mann–Whitney U test,and chi-squared test were used to compare characteristics between T2DM remission and non-remission groups.We evaluated the predictive efficacy of each model for longterm T2DM remission after LSG by calculating the area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity,specificity,Youden index,positive predictive value(PPV),negative predictive value(NPV),and predicted-to-observed ratio,and performed calibration using Hosmer–Lemeshow test for 11 prediction models.Results:We enrolled 108 patients,including 44(40.7%)men,with a mean age of 35.5 years.The mean body mass index was 40.3±9.1 kg/m^(2),the percentage of excess weight loss(%EWL)was(75.9±30.4)%,and the percentage of total weight loss(%TWL)was(29.1±10.6)%.The mean glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)level was(7.3±1.8)%preoperatively and decreased to(5.9±1.0)%5 years after LSG.The 5-year postoperative complete and partial remission rates of T2DM were 50.9%[55/108]and 27.8%[30/108],respectively.Six models,i.e.,"ABCD",individualized metabolic surgery(IMS),advanced-DiaRem,DiaBetter,Dixon et al’s regression model,and Panunzi et al’s regression model,showed a good discrimination ability(all AUC>0.8).The"ABCD"(sensitivity,74%;specificity,80%;AUC,0.82[95%confidence interval[CI]:0.74–0.89]),IMS(sensitivity,78%;specificity,84%;AUC,0.82[95%CI:0.73–0.89]),and Panunzi et al’s regression models(sensitivity,78%;specificity,91%;AUC,0.86[95%CI:0.78–0.92])showed good discernibility.In the Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test,except for DiaRem(P<0.01),Di

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Risk prediction models External validation Sleeve gastrectomy Bariatric surgery

Mitochondrial dysfunction: A promising therapeutic target for liver diseases

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 324-337页

作者： Ping Chen Lichao Yao Mengqin Yuan zheng wang Qiuling Zhang Yingan Jiang Lanjuan Li Department of Infectious Diseases Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430060China State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310003China

The liver is an important metabolic and detoxification organ and hence demands a large amount of energy,which is mainly produced by the mitochondria.Liver tissues of pa-tients with alcohol-related or non-alcohol-related liver diseases contain ultrastructural mito-chondrial lesions,mitochondrial DNA damage,disturbed mitochondrial dynamics,and compromised ATP production.Overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in-duces oxidative damage to mitochondrial proteins and mitochondrial DNA,decreases mito-chondrial membrane potential,triggers hepatocyte inflammation,and promotes programmed cell death,all of which impair liver function.Mitochondrial DNA may be a poten-tial novel non-invasive biomarker of the risk of progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients infected with the hepatitis B virus.We herein present a review of the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of acute liver injury and chronic liver diseases,such as hepatocellular carcinoma,viral hepatitis,drug-induced liver injury,alcoholic liver disease,and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.This review also discusses mito-chondrion-centric therapies for treating liver diseases.

关键词： Chronic diseases Liverdamage Mesenchymalstem cell Mitochondrial dysfunction Oxidativestress

Preface to Special Topic on Integrated Circuits, Technologies and Applications

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第6期45卷 1-2页

作者： zheng wang Xiaoyan Gui Lin Cheng Nanjian Wu School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China School of Microelectronics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Microelectronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China

This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JoS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2023 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which was held in Hefei,Anhui,China,from October 27 to 29,2023.IEEE ICTA is an IEEE flagship conference in the field of integrated circuits(IC)in China,which provides a communication platform for sharing the state-of-the-art techniques from experts in the field of ICs.Among the 93 papers presented at ICTA 2023,the Technical Program Committee and the Award Committee have selected 4 high-quality articles to recommend to the Special Topic of JoS,covering a wide range of technical fields,including one paper on RF ICs,two papers on Analog ICs and one paper on Wireline ICs.

关键词： communication ICT Anhui

Unveiling the time-temperature dependence of metastability of supercooled liquid using nano-calorimetry

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 119-127页

作者： Yijun Ding Lijian Song zheng wang Ruiqi Yu Junqiang wang Lina Hu Yuanzheng Yue Edgar D.Zanotto Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Shandong University Jinan 250061China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology Shandong University Jinan 250061 China Department of Chemistry and Bioscience Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of Sao CarlosSao Carlos SP 13.565-905Brazil

There is a lack of understanding of both the conversion of an unstable glass into a metastable supercooled liquid(MSL) upon heating and the metastability of MSLs. In this study, we investigated the time-and temperature-dependent metastability of an MSL using an advanced nano-calorimetric technique. The chosen Au-based metallic glass(Au MG) allowed adequate probing of its MSL in a temperature range between 10 and 70 K above the standard glass transition temperature. We found that the survival time of the MSL state is a quadratic function of temperature. Beyond this duration threshold, the sample undergoes fast crystallization even if it is below the crystallization temperature that is measured using differential scanning calorimetry.Employing transmission electron microscopy, we observed the formation of clusters with a partially ordered lattice structure during relaxation in the Au MG sample fabricated using a nano-calorimeter. The atomic ordering within the clusters was enhanced by increasing time and temperature in the MSL region. Once the as-produced glass entered the MSL stage upon heating followed by a quenching stage at a given rate, the mechanical properties of the quenched glass remained the same regardless of its holding temperature and duration within the MSL region. This work provides insights into the glass-MSL-crystal transformation and offers guidance for designing standard metallic glasses for property characterizations.

关键词： metallic glass supercooled liquid relaxation nucleation nano calorimetric technology