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A review of integrated surface-subsurface numerical hydrological models

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1459-1479页

作者： Lele shu Hao CHEN Xianhong MENG Yan CHANG Litang HU Wenke WANG Longcang shu Xuan YU Christopher DUFFY Yingying YAO Donghai zheng Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100038China School of Water and Environment Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePA 16801USA Department of Earth and Environmental Science School of Human Settlements and Civil EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Hydrological modeling,leveraging mathematical formulations to represent the hydrological cycle,is a pivotal tool in representing the spatiotemporal dynamics and distribution patterns inherent in *** models serve a dual purpose:they validate theoretical robustness and applicability via observational data and project future trends,thereby bridging the understanding and prediction of natural *** rapid advancements in computational methodologies and the continuous evolution of observational and experimental techniques,the development of numerical hydrological models based on physicallybased surface-subsurface process coupling have *** in micro-scale conservation principles and physical equations,these models employ numerical techniques to integrate surface and subsurface hydrodynamics,thus replicating the macro-scale hydrological responses of *** hydrological models have emerged as a leading and predominant trend in hydrological modeling due to their explicit representation of physical processes,heightened by their spatiotemporal resolution and reliance on interdisciplinary *** article focuses on the theoretical foundation of surface-subsurface numerical hydrological *** includes a comparative and analytical discussion of leading numerical hydrological models,encompassing model architecture,numerical solution strategies,spatial representation,and coupling ***,this paper contrasts these models with traditional hydrological models,thereby delineating the relative merits,drawbacks,and future directions of numerical hydrological modeling.

关键词： Numerical Hydrological Models Surface-Subsurface Process Coupling Numerical Methods Hydrological Modeling

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Epigenetic modification in liver fibrosis:Promising therapeutic direction with significant challenges ahead

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第3期14卷 1009-1029页

作者： Runping Liu Yajing Li qi zheng Mingning Ding Huiping Zhou Xiaojiaoyang Li School of Chinese Materia Medica Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 102400China School of Life Sciences Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 102400China Department of Microbiology and Immunology Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 22460USA

Liver fibrosis,characterized by scar tissue formation,can ultimately result in liver ***’s a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally,often associated with chronic liver diseases like hepatitis or alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver ***,current treatment options are limited,highlighting the urgent need for the development of new *** a reversible regulatory mechanism,epigenetic modification is implicated in many biological processes,including liver *** the epigenetic mechanisms involved in liver fibrosis could provide valuable insights into developing new treatments for chronic liver diseases,although the current evidence is still *** review provides a comprehensive summary of the regulatory mechanisms and critical targets of epigenetic modifications,including DNA methylation,histone modification,and RNA modification,in liver fibrotic *** potential cooperation of different epigenetic modifications in promoting fibrogenesis was also ***,available agonists or inhibitors regulating these epigenetic mechanisms and their potential application in preventing liver fibrosis were *** summary,elucidating specific druggable epigenetic targets and developing more selective and specific candidate medicines may represent a promising approach with bright prospects for the treatment of chronic liver diseases.

关键词： Liver fibrosis Epigenetics regulation DNA methylation Histone acetylation Histone methylation mRNA methylation Non-coding RNA Drug development

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Joint Effects of Multipollutant Mixtures on Mortality in Chengdu,China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期37卷 112-116页

作者： ZHANG Ying TIAN qi qi HU Wen Dong ZHANG Shao Bo WANG Shi Gong zheng Can Jun Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province School of Atmospheric SciencesChengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225SichuanChina Yunnan R&D Institute of Natural Disaster on Chengdu University of Information Technology Kunming 650034YunnanChina Chengdu Plain Urban Meteorology and Environment Sichuan Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station Chengdu 610225SichuanChina Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Significant epidemiological research has revealed that exposure to air pollution is substantially associated with numerous detrimental health consequences^([1-3]).The negative health effects of individual air pollutants(e.g.,fine particulate matter:PM_(2.5);nitrogen dioxide:NO_(2);carbon monoxide,CO;or ozone:O_(3))have been widely explored^([4]).However,humans are constantly exposed to multipollutant mixtures in real life,and biological responses to inhaled pollutants are likely to depend on the interplay of pollutant ***,it is critical and imperative to explore the joint effects of multipollutant mixtures on human beings.

关键词： mixtures monoxide consequences

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In-situ analysis of laser-induced breakdown spectra for online monitoring of femtosecond laser machining of sapphire

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 73-82页

作者： SHANGGUAN ShiYong ZHANG JianGuo LI ZhanZhu SHI Wei WANG WenKe qi DongFeng zheng HongYu Center for Advanced Laser Manufacturing(CALM) Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000China

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)is widely used for elemental ***,its application for monitoring and analyzing a laser machining process by examining the changes in spectral information warrants further *** this study,we investigate the effect of laser parameters on the spectra,variations in the time-resolved plasma emission spectra,and the relationship between the morphology of craters and plasma plume evolution during the femtosecond(fs)laser ablation of *** Boltzmann plot method and Stark’s broadening model are employed to estimate the temporal temperature and electron density of the plasma plume,revealing the process of plasma *** study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of LIBS for online monitoring of laser processing through experimental data and theoretical explanations.

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy plasma plume online monitoring sapphire

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Cetuximab combined with chemotherapy for simultaneous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2649-2654页

作者： Xin-Xin Luo Yu-Xuan Du qi-qing Zhang Lin Zhang shu-Ying Zeng Zhi-Hong Yu Peng Shen zheng-Quan Feng The Second School of Clinical Medicine Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou310053Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Oncology Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310012Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Medical Oncology The First Affiliated HospitalMedical College of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Multiple primary carcinomas(MPCs)are defined as two or more independent primary cancers that occur simultaneously or sequentially in the same *** MPCs are rarer than solitary cancers or metachronous *** diagnoses of synchronous MPCs and the choice of treatment are critical for successful outcomes in these *** SUMMARY A 64-year-old patient presented with dysphagia,without obvious cause.A diagnosis of synchronous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma with liver metastasis was confirmed based on examination and laboratory *** multi-disciplinary consultations,combination chemotherapy(a 3-wk cycle with oxaliplatin 212 mg administered on day 1 and capecitabine 1.5 g twice daily on days 1-14)and esophageal cancer radiotherapy were *** on the results of genetic testing,we switched to a regimen of leucovorin+fluorouracil+oxaliplatin and cetuximab regimen for 8 ***,capecitabine and bevacizumab were administered until the most recent follow-up,at which the tumor remained *** Successful cetuximab chemotherapy treatment provides a reference for the nonoperative and homogeneous treatment of different pathological types of synchronous MCPs.

关键词： Synchronous multiple primary carcinoma Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Colon adenocarcinoma Cetuximab Chemotherapy Case report

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Optical Sensor with Wide Range and High Sensitivity for Internal Magnetic Field Detection of Transformer

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第5期10卷 2230-2244页

作者： Meng Huang Wei zheng Tong Ji Mao Ji Tianjiao Pu Bo qi State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Beijing Key Laboratory of High Voltage&EMC North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China

The deterioration of winding defects is one of the important causes of power transformer fires and even explosion *** change of leakage magnetic field distribution is the most direct response to winding *** there are few sensors suitable for online measurement of the internal magnetic field of *** on the Faraday magneto-optical effect,a magnetic field sensor with wide range and high sensitivity is proposed in this paper,which is suitable for the interior use of *** straight-through optical structure with interior polarizer is adopted,and the sensor has a measurement range of 1.5 T and a sensitivity of 1 *** also possesses a small size,with a length of about 30 mm after *** influence mechanism of vibration and temperature is revealed through theoretical analysis and numerical *** is proposed to filter out the interference of vibration by characteristic frequency analysis and to compensate for temperature by a two-probe *** anti-interference test verifies the effectiveness of this method,and it can reduce the error from 80.56%to 2.63%under the combined interference of vibration and temperature.

关键词： Anti-interference Bessel function Faraday magneto-optical effect leakage magnetic field transformer two-probe structure

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Simulation of fire emergency evacuation in a large-passenger-flow subway station based on the on-site measured data of Shenzhen Metro

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第1期6卷 47-55页

作者： Hua Chen Chenyang Zhang Jieyu Zhang Ya shu Xinjian qi Chaozhe Jiang Sichuan FAST Fire Safety Assessment Co. LTD.Chengdu 610036SichuanChina School of Transportation and Logistics Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756SichuanChina Sichuan Fire Research Institute of MEM Chengdu 610036SichuanChina Shenzhen Metro Group Co. LTD.Shenzhen 518026GuangdongChina

Because of its large capacity,high efficiency and energy savings,the subway has gradually become the primary mode of transportation for citizens.A high density of passengers exists within a large-passenger-flow subway station,and the number of casualties and injuries during a fire emergency is *** this paper,Pathfinder software and on-site measured data of Pingzhou station in Shenzhen(China)were utilized to simulate a fire emergency evacuation in a large-passenger-flow subway *** Required Safe Egress Time(RSET),number of passengers and flow rates of stairs and escalators were analysed for three fire evacuation scenarios:train fire,platform fire and hall *** evacuation time of the train fire,which was 1173 s,was the longest,and 3621 occupants needed to evacuate when the train was fully *** could not complete the evacuation within 6 mins in all three fire evacuation scenarios,which does not meet the current standard requirements and *** changing the number of passengers and the number of stairs for evacuation,the flow rate capacity and evacuation time were explored,which have reference values for safety management and emergency evacuation plan optimization during peak hours of subway operation.

关键词： fire emergency evacuation large-passenger-flow subway station on-site measured data Pathfinder

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Strategies to advance thermoelectric performance of PbSe and PbS materials

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4099-4114页

作者： zheng-Hao Hou Xin qian qiu-Juan Cui shu-Fang Wang Li-Dong Zhao Shijiazhuang Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials College of Chemical EngineeringShijiazhuang UniversityShijiazhuang 050035China Hebei Key Lab of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials College of Physics Science and TechnologyHebei UniversityBaoding 071002China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Thermoelectric materials possess the unique capability to convert thermal energy into electric energy and vice versa,making them promising for waste heat recovery and efficient cooling ***,extensively investigated thermoelectric materials such as Bi2Te3,PbTe and GeTe exhibit superior thermoelectric properties at room temperature and medium temperature ***,the broad application of these thermoelectric materials has been impeded by the high cost and restricted accessibility of Te and Ge in the earth's *** the past few years,researchers have shown increasing interest in PbSe-and PbS-based materials,primarily attributed to their abundant elemental supply and relatively low *** assessment of research progress and a comprehensive overview of optimization strategies in time can significantly contribute to further improving the thermoelectric *** strategies include optimizing carrier concentration(aliovalent doping,dynamic doping and defect state),enhancing density-of-state effective mass(band convergence,band flattening and energy filtering effect),optimizing carrier mobility(band sharpening and band alignment)and reducing lattice thermal conductivity(all-scale hierarchical defect structures designing).This systematic summary and analysis provide novel insights and perspectives for the development of thermoelectric materials.

关键词： PbSe and PbS thermoelectric materials Carrier concentration Density-of-state effective mass Carrier mobility Lattice thermal conductivity

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Comment on“Robotic surgery and liver transplantation:A single-center experience of 501 robotic donor hepatectomies”

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 109-110页

作者： Xiang-Yan Liu Yun-Yang Xu Ze Xiang shu-Sen zheng shulan(Hangzhou)Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang shuren University shulan International Medical College Hangzhou 310015China Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310009China

To the Editor:We read with great interest the article by Schulze et ***“Robotic surgery and liver transplantation:A single-center experience of 501 robotic donor hepatectomies”[1].It is the first single-center report including over 500 fully robotic donor *** the donors,the overall complication rate was 6.4%(n=32).Postoperative self-limiting bleeding(0.4%)and bile leakage from the resection plane(1.8%)were rare.

关键词： robotic Robotic center

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Revealing the Structure-Property Difference of Natural Rubber Prepared by Different Methods: Protein and Gel Content are Key Factors

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 457-467页

作者： Shao-qi Huang Jun-qi Zhang Yong Zhu Ling-Min Kong Lu-Sheng Liao Fu-Quan Zhang zheng-Tian Xie Jin-Rong Wu State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Rubber Processing Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesZhanjiang524001China

Natural rubber (NR) is widely used in various fields including aerospace, military industry and transportation due to its superior elasticity and comprehensive mechanical properties. Nonetheless, the commercial NR prepared by different methods usually exhibits different mechanical properties, primarily due to variations in processing conditions during the conversion from latex to bulk rubber material. Consequently, this poses challenges in scientific research and industrial production of NR. In order to assess the properties of various commercially available NR and identify key structural and compositional components, this study systematically compares and analyzes four representative NR raw materials: air dried sheet (ADS), ribbed smoked sheets (RSS), constant viscidity NR (CV), and whole field latex rubber (WF). The investigation focuses on evaluating their static mechanical behavior, SIC behavior, wear resistance, and fatigue resistance. The findings indicate that protein and gel content exhibit a crucial influence on the NR properties. These constituents contribute to the formation of a high-crosslinking density region, generating a heterogeneous network structure within the rubber. This structure amplifies strains during deformation, leading to earlier and stronger strain-induced crystallization (SIC). Among the four commercial NR brands, RSS demonstrates superior overall mechanical and dynamic properties owing to its high protein and gel content. This study serves as a valuable reference for comprehending the differences in properties among various commercial NR, thereby offering guidance for the actual processing and selection of NR.

关键词： Natural rubber Processingmethod Protein Gel content Property

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