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天然5α-还原酶抑制剂用于改善良性前列腺增生的研究进展

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中国中药杂志 2024年第4期49卷 858-867页

作者：郑瑞蓉欧阳倩兮刘子瑶李林楠杨莉王峥涛上海中医药大学中药研究所中药标准化教育部重点实验室国家中医药管理局中药新资源与质量评价重点实验室上海市复方中药重点实验室上海201203 厦门医学院药学系福建厦门361023

良性前列腺增生是一种常见的男性泌尿系统疾病,其发病率在我国呈逐年上升的趋势。目前针对该疾病的发病机制尚未十分明确,有研究认为其发病机制与类固醇激素水平变化有关。当体内二氢睾酮的含量过高,会引起前列腺增生等相关疾病。二氢... 详细信息

良性前列腺增生是一种常见的男性泌尿系统疾病,其发病率在我国呈逐年上升的趋势。目前针对该疾病的发病机制尚未十分明确,有研究认为其发病机制与类固醇激素水平变化有关。当体内二氢睾酮的含量过高,会引起前列腺增生等相关疾病。二氢睾酮由睾酮在5α-还原酶的作用下转化而成,因而通过抑制该酶活性,可减少二氢睾酮的生成量,进而达到减轻前列腺增生的效果。从天然药物中筛选和发现新的、有效和安全的5α-还原酶抑制剂,应用于防治前列腺增生,但又不影响男性的生理功能,成为该领域研究的热点话题。该文总结了5α-还原酶的作用特点及组织分布,临床常用的5α-还原酶抑制剂及其副作用,并整理了中药和天然药物中5α-还原酶抑制剂的筛选和发现,概括了前列腺增生实验动物模型和常用检测指标,为良性前列腺增生发病机制及防治药物的研发提供参考依据。

关键词：良性前列腺增生 5α-还原酶 5α-还原酶抑制剂中药材天然药物动物模型

Microstructure and Wear/corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steel Laser-alloyed with Mn+W_(2)C, Mn+NiWC and Mn+SiC

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 283-294页

作者： ZHOU rui DIAO Xiaogang SUN Yixin School of Metallurgical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhangjiagang 215600China CITIC Heavy Cast Iron Industry Co. Ltd.Luoyang 417039China

In-situ formed high Mn steel coating reinforced by carbides was formed by laser surface alloying(LSA).Laser alloyed layers on 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel with Mn+W_(2)C(specimen A),Mn+NiWC(specimen B)and Mn+SiC(specimen C)powders were fabricated to improve the wear and corrosion behavior of 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel blades in high speed *** evolution,phases,element distribution,microhardness,wear and corrosion behavior of the laser alloyed layers were *** indicated that high Mn steel matrix composites with undissolved W_(2)C,WC and other in-situ formed carbides were formed by LSA with Mn+W_(2)C and Mn+NiWC while SiC totally dissolved into the high Mn matrix when adding Mn+*** as the binding phase in Ni-WC powder decreased the crack sensitivity of the alloyed layer as compared with the addition of W_(2)C *** improvement in average microhardness was achieved in the matrix in specimen A,B and C,with the value of 615,602 and 277 HV_(0.5),while that of the substrate was 212 HV_(0.5).The increase of microhardness,wear and corrosion resistance is highly corelated to microstructure,formed phases,type and content of carbides,micro-hardness and toughness of the alloyed layers.

关键词： laser surface alloying stainless steel carbide type microstructure wear and corrosion resistance

The role of axon guidance molecules in the pathogenesis of epilepsy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1244-1257页

作者： zheng Liu Chunhua Pan Hao Huang Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Current treatments for epilepsy can only manage the symptoms of the condition but cannot alter the initial onset or halt the progression of the disease. Consequently, it is crucial to identify drugs that can target novel cellular and molecular mechanisms and mechanisms of action. Increasing evidence suggests that axon guidance molecules play a role in the structural and functional modifications of neural networks and that the dysregulation of these molecules is associated with epilepsy susceptibility. In this review, we discuss the essential role of axon guidance molecules in neuronal activity in patients with epilepsy as well as the impact of these molecules on synaptic plasticity and brain tissue remodeling. Furthermore, we examine the relationship between axon guidance molecules and neuroinflammation, as well as the structural changes in specific brain regions that contribute to the development of epilepsy. Ample evidence indicates that axon guidance molecules, including semaphorins and ephrins, play a fundamental role in guiding axon growth and the establishment of synaptic connections. Deviations in their expression or function can disrupt neuronal connections, ultimately leading to epileptic seizures. The remodeling of neural networks is a significant characteristic of epilepsy, with axon guidance molecules playing a role in the dynamic reorganization of neural circuits. This, in turn, affects synapse formation and elimination. Dysregulation of these molecules can upset the delicate balance between excitation and inhibition within a neural network, thereby increasing the risk of overexcitation and the development of epilepsy. Inflammatory signals can regulate the expression and function of axon guidance molecules, thus influencing axonal growth, axon orientation, and synaptic plasticity. The dysregulation of neuroinflammation can intensify neuronal dysfunction and contribute to the occurrence of epilepsy. This review delves into the mechanisms associated with

关键词： axon guidance drug-resistant epilepsy epilepsy nerve regeneration nervous system diseases neural pathways neuroinflammatory diseases neuronal plasticity neurons synaptic remodeling

应对供应中断风险下消费者恐慌囤货行为:涨价策略与限购策略

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管理工程学报 2025年第2期39卷 118-129页

作者：郑锐王宇鲍丽娜武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院武汉理工大学中国应急管理研究中心浙江大学管理学院

本文研究了零售商应对供应中断风险下消费者恐慌囤货行为的涨价策略与限购策略。研究模型考虑一个垄断零售商在两个订货周期内向市场销售一种生活必需品,第二期的供应中断风险可能导致消费者在第一期发生恐慌囤货。研究基于对消费者恐... 详细信息

本文研究了零售商应对供应中断风险下消费者恐慌囤货行为的涨价策略与限购策略。研究模型考虑一个垄断零售商在两个订货周期内向市场销售一种生活必需品,第二期的供应中断风险可能导致消费者在第一期发生恐慌囤货。研究基于对消费者恐慌囤货决策模型的刻画,分析了消费者恐慌囤货行为如何影响零售商利润以及社会总福利,然后进一步分析了零售商分别在什么条件下应采取涨价策略或限购策略以及这些策略将如何影响社会总福利。研究结果表明:(1)当零售商拥有足够的库存时,一定程度的恐慌囤货可以增加零售商利润和社会总福利;而当恐慌囤货导致零售商严重缺货时,恐慌囤货将损害零售商利润和社会总福利。(2)当零售商需要采取策略应对消费者恐慌囤货行为时,存在一个消费者恐慌强度的阈值,当恐慌强度低于阈值时,零售商应采取涨价策略调节消费者的囤货需求;当恐慌强度高于阈值时,零售商应采取限购策略限制消费者的囤货。(3)零售商不同的应对策略对社会总福利有不同的影响,当恐慌强度非常高时,采取限购策略可以显著改善社会总福利;采取涨价策略可以提高零售商的备货动机,在一定条件下可以改善社会总福利。

关键词：供应链管理供应中断风险恐慌囤货需求管理限购策略

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Mitophagy in acute central nervous system injuries:regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potentials

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2437-2453页

作者： Siyi Xu Junqiu Jia rui Mao Xiang Cao Yun Xu Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalClinical College of Jiangsu UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Nanjing Neurology Medical Center NanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Acute central nervous system injuries,including ischemic stro ke,intracerebral hemorrhage,subarachnoid hemorrhage,traumatic brain injury,and spinal co rd injury,are a major global health *** optimal therapies and improving the long-term neurological functions of patients with acute central nervous system injuries are urgent *** are susceptible to damage after acute central nervous system injury,and this leads to the release of toxic levels of reactive oxygen species,which induce cell ***,a selective form of autophagy,is crucial in eliminating redundant or damaged mitochondria during these *** evidence has highlighted the significant role of mitophagy in acute central nervous system *** this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of the process,classification,and related mechanisms of *** also highlight the recent developments in research into the role of mitophagy in various acute central nervous system injuries and drug therapies that regulate *** the final section of this review,we emphasize the potential for treating these disorders by focusing on mitophagy and suggest future research paths in this area.

关键词： autophagy intracerebral hemorrhage ischemic stroke mitochondria mitochondrial biogenesis mitochondrial quality control mitophagy spinal cord injury subarachnoid hemorrhage traumatic brain injury

Effect of a Carbon Fibre-steel Fibre-graphite Conductive Filler on the Electrothermal Properties of Cementitious Materials

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 141-151页

作者： FAN Yanan WEI Hong zheng Hongyong DU Hongxiu Department of Architecture and Environmental Engineering Taiyuan UniversityTaiyuan 030032China College of Civil Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030032China

Carbon fibre,steel fibre and graphite were used as conductive fillers to prepare cementitious materials with excellent electrothermal *** electrically conductive cementitious materials with different volume dosages were analysed through compressive and flexural strength,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and temperature rise *** equivalent circuit model was established to study the electrically conductive heat generation mechanism in the electrically conductive cementitious *** results indicate that the mechanical properties of cementitious composite materials with a ternary conductive phase are better than those of pristine cementitious materials because the fibrous filler improves their mechanical ***,the incorporation of graphite in the material reduces its *** fibrous and point-like conductive phase materials into the cementitious material enhances the overall conductive pathway and considerably reduces the electrical resistance of the cementitious material,enhancing its conductive *** volume ratios of carbon fibre,steel fibre and graphite that achieve an optimal complex doping in the cementitious material were 0.35%,0.6%and 6%,*** was determined using the mutation point of each circuit element parameter as the percolation *** addition,at a certain safety voltage,there is a uniform change between the internal and surface temperatures of the conductive cementitious material,and the heating effect in this materialis is considerably better than that in the pristine cementitious material.

关键词： cementitious composites conductive fillers electrothermal properties electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

PD-YOLO:Colon Polyp Detection Model Based on Enhanced Small-Target Feature Extraction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 913-928页

作者： Yicong Yu Kaixin Lin Jiajun Hong rong-Guei Tsai Yuanzhi Huang New Engineering Industry College Putian UniversityPutian351100China Engineering Research Center of Big Data Application in Private Health Medicine(Putian University) Fujian Province UniversityPutian351100China Computer College Guangdong University of Science&TechnologyDongguan523668China

In recent years,the number of patientswith colon disease has increased *** polyps are the precursor lesions of colon *** not diagnosed in time,they can easily develop into colon cancer,posing a serious threat to patients’lives and health.A colonoscopy is an important means of detecting colon ***,in polyp imaging,due to the large differences and diverse types of polyps in size,shape,color,etc.,traditional detection methods face the problem of high false positive rates,which creates problems for doctors during the diagnosis *** order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of colon polyp detection,this question proposes a network model suitable for colon polyp detection(PD-YOLO).This method introduces the self-attention mechanism CBAM(Convolutional Block Attention Module)in the backbone layer based on YOLOv7,allowing themodel to adaptively focus on key information and ignore the unimportant *** help themodel do a better job of polyp localization and bounding box regression,add the SPD-Conv(Symmetric Positive Definite Convolution)module to the neck layer and use deconvolution instead of *** results indicate that the PD-YOLO algorithm demonstrates strong robustness in colon polyp *** to the original YOLOv7,on the Kvasir-SEG dataset,PD-YOLO has shown an increase of 5.44 percentage points in AP@0.5,showcasing significant advantages over other mainstream methods.

关键词： Polyp detection YOLOv7 SPD-Conv CBAM deconvolution

Multi boron-doping effects in hard carbon toward enhanced sodium ion storage

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 730-738页

作者： Peng zheng Wang Zhou Ying Mo Biao zheng Miaomiao Han Qin Zhong Wenwen Yang Peng Gao Lezhi Yang Jilei Liu College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan Joint International Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology for Clean Energy Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology Hunan University Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation Hunan University Changsha Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Co. LTD.

Hard carbon （HC） has been considered as promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries （SIBs）.The optimization of hard carbon’s microstructure and solid electrolyte interface （SEI） property are demonstrated effective in enhancing the Na+storage capability,however,a one-step regulation strategy to achieve simultaneous multi-scale structures optimization is highly ***,we have systematically investigated the effects of boron doping on hard carbon’s microstructure and interface chemistry.A variety of structure characterizations show that appropriate amount of boron doping can increase the size of closed pores via rearrangement of carbon layers with improved graphitization degree,which provides more Na+storage ***-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy/electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （FTIR/EIS） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） analysis demonstrate the presence of more BC3and less B–C–O structures that result in enhanced ion diffusion kinetics and the formation of inorganic rich and robust SEI,which leads to facilitated charge transfer and excellent rate *** a result,the hard carbon anode with optimized boron doping content exhibits enhanced rate and cycling *** general,this work unravels the critical role of boron doping in optimizing the pore structure,interface chemistry and diffusion kinetics of hard carbon,which enables rational design of sodium-ion battery anode with enhanced Na+storage performance.

关键词： X ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Pyroptosis,ferroptosis,and autophagy in spinal cord injury:regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2787-2806页

作者： Qingcong zheng Du Wang rongjie Lin Weihong Xu Department of Spinal Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Arthritis Clinical and Research Center Peking University People’s HospitalBeijingChina Department of Orthopedic Surgery Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Regulated cell death is a form of cell death that is actively controlled by *** studies have shown that regulated cell death plays a key role after spinal cord *** and ferroptosis are newly discovered types of regulated cell deaths that have been shown to exacerbate inflammation and lead to cell death in damaged spinal ***,a complex form of cell death that is interconnected with various regulated cell death mechanisms,has garnered significant attention in the study of spinal cord *** injury triggers not only cell death but also cellular survival *** signaling pathways play pivotal roles in influencing the processes of both deterioration and repair in spinal cord injury by regulating pyroptosis,ferroptosis,and ***,this review aims to comprehensively examine the mechanisms underlying regulated cell deaths,the signaling pathways that modulate these mechanisms,and the potential therapeutic targets for spinal cord *** analysis suggests that targeting the common regulatory signaling pathways of different regulated cell deaths could be a promising strategy to promote cell survival and enhance the repair of spinal cord ***,a holistic approach that incorporates multiple regulated cell deaths and their regulatory pathways presents a promising multi-target therapeutic strategy for the management of spinal cord injury.

关键词： autophagy cell death ferroptosis inflammation pathological mechanisms pyroptosis regulated cell death regulatory pathways spinal cord injury therapeutic targets