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表征·机理·隐忧·路向:“数字青年”的四重探赜

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合肥工业大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第5期38卷 59-66页

作者：郑乐乐赵冰安徽师范大学马克思主义学院安徽芜湖241002

作为数字时代的网络“原住民”,“数字青年”具有数字信息的个性化满足、数字身份的主体性遮蔽、数字交往的圈层化交互和数字能力的浅表性应用等表征。“数字青年”生成机理在于数字偏好习惯的主导、数字算法推荐的加持和数字应用场景... 详细信息

作为数字时代的网络“原住民”,“数字青年”具有数字信息的个性化满足、数字身份的主体性遮蔽、数字交往的圈层化交互和数字能力的浅表性应用等表征。“数字青年”生成机理在于数字偏好习惯的主导、数字算法推荐的加持和数字应用场景的延展,同时数字化背景下也产生了“数字青年”价值取向偏移、道德认知模糊,以及数字行为越轨、道德失范滋生等时代隐忧,制约着“数字青年”的发展。为此,文章提出以价值引领提升个体“数字素养”、以技术治理防范平台“数字失序”、以制度构建规导社会“数字实践”等措施来引导“数字青年”,以期护航“数字青年”健康成长,为加快推进数字中国建设提供智力和人才支撑。

关键词：数字中国数字青年数字技术引导路向

An aptamer-driven DNA nanodevice for improved delivery of synthetic immunostimulants

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9078-9083页

作者： Dejie Lu zhenghan Di lele Li Jian Zhao Li zheng Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and ApplicationGuangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021China CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China

Efficient delivery of therapeutics to immune cells remains a formidable challenge for cancer *** this work,we demonstrate that an aptamer-driven DNA nanodevice,constructed through linkage of a synthetic immunostimulant(Toll-like receptor 9 agonist:CpG motif)to an aptamer,could significantly enhance the immunostimulatory activity by facilitating the uptake and retention of therapeutics in *** administration of the DNA nanodevice results in efficient tumor growth inhibition in both breast cancer and melanoma mouse *** studies suggest that the DNA nanodevice leads to reeducation of tumor-associated macrophages and ultimately to reversing the tumor immune *** strategy for aptamer-mediated and vehicle-free delivery of immunostimulatory oligonucleotides provides a potential platform for cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： aptamer immunostimulatory oligonucleotides DNA nanodevice tumor-associated macrophages cancer therapy

Quantification of the concrete freeze–thaw environment across the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau based on machine learning algorithms

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 322-334页

作者： QIN Yanhui MA Haoyuan ZHANG lele YIN Jinshuai zheng Xionghui LI Shuo Department of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China Department of Geography Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810008China

The reasonable quantification of the concrete freezing environment on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau(QTP) is the primary issue in frost resistant concrete design, which is one of the challenges that the QTP engineering managers should take into account. In this paper, we propose a more realistic method to calculate the number of concrete freeze–thaw cycles(NFTCs) on the QTP. The calculated results show that the NFTCs increase as the altitude of the meteorological station increases with the average NFTCs being 208.7. Four machine learning methods, i.e., the random forest(RF) model, generalized boosting method(GBM), generalized linear model(GLM), and generalized additive model(GAM), are used to fit the NFTCs. The root mean square error(RMSE) values of the RF, GBM, GLM, and GAM are 32.3, 4.3, 247.9, and 161.3, respectively. The R^(2) values of the RF, GBM, GLM, and GAM are 0.93, 0.99, 0.48, and 0.66, respectively. The GBM method performs the best compared to the other three methods, which was shown by the results of RMSE and R^(2) values. The quantitative results from the GBM method indicate that the lowest, medium, and highest NFTC values are distributed in the northern, central, and southern parts of the QTP, respectively. The annual NFTCs in the QTP region are mainly concentrated at 160 and above, and the average NFTCs is 200 across the QTP. Our results can provide scientific guidance and a theoretical basis for the freezing resistance design of concrete in various projects on the QTP.

关键词： Freeze–thaw cycles Quantification Machine learning algorithms Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Concrete

A Railway Fastener Inspection Method Based on Abnormal Sample Generation

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 565-592页

作者： Shubin zheng Yue Wang Liming Li Xieqi Chen lele Peng Zhanhao Shang Higher Vocational and Technical College Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai200437China School of Urban Railway Transportation Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai201620China Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Vibration and Noise Control Technologies for Rail Transit Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai201620China

Regular fastener detection is necessary to ensure the safety of ***,the number of abnormal fasteners is significantly lower than the number of normal fasteners in real *** supervised inspectionmethods have insufficient detection ability in cases of imbalanced *** solve this problem,we propose an approach based on deep convolutional neural networks(DCNNs),which consists of three stages:fastener localization,abnormal fastener sample generation based on saliency detection,and fastener state ***,a lightweight YOLOv5s is designed to achieve fast and precise localization of fastener ***,the foreground clip region of a fastener image is extracted by the designed fastener saliency detection network(F-SDNet),combined with data augmentation to generate a large number of abnormal fastener samples and balance the number of abnormal and normal ***,a fastener inspection model called Fastener ResNet-8 is constructed by being trained with the augmented fastener *** show the effectiveness of our proposed method in solving the problem of sample imbalance in fastener *** and quantitative comparisons show that the proposed F-SDNet outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in clip region extraction,reaching MAE and max F-measure of 0.0215 and 0.9635,*** addition,the FPS of the fastener state inspection model reached 86.2,and the average accuracy reached 98.7%on 614 augmented fastener test sets and 99.9%on 7505 real fastener datasets.

关键词： Railway fastener sample generation inspection model deep learning

不同测试方法在精密手术器械功能质量检查中的比较效果研究

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中国医学装备 2024年第3期21卷 129-132页

作者：车凤莲钱黎明陈维维郑乐乐陈玉潘慧园上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院护理部上海200025 上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院消毒供应中心上海200025 上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院无锡分院消毒供应中心无锡214000

目的:分析对比不同测试方法在精密手术器械功能质量检查中的测试效果,保障手术器械额安全使用。方法:通过查询相关文献及专业书籍,选定精密手术剪和持针器,选用不同的测试材料及方法。精密手术剪依次采用纱布、棉毛布及Interlock手术器... 详细信息

目的:分析对比不同测试方法在精密手术器械功能质量检查中的测试效果,保障手术器械额安全使用。方法:通过查询相关文献及专业书籍,选定精密手术剪和持针器,选用不同的测试材料及方法。精密手术剪依次采用纱布、棉毛布及Interlock手术器械测试套装内的硅胶薄膜方法测试器械切割性能;精密持针器依次采用光照、夹针和Interlock手术器械测试套装内的夹线方法测试器械夹持性能。选取医院清洗消毒合格的100件精密手术剪和100件持针器进行测试效果研究,自制满意度问卷调查手术医生对器械使用的满意度。结果:100件精密手术剪经纱布、棉毛布和硅胶薄膜3种方法测试后,切割性能合格数量分别为94件、76件和58件,其差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=36.526,P<0.05);手术医生对采用硅胶薄膜测试合格的精密手术剪使用满意率最高,为100%,棉毛布和纱布法分别为82.0%和67.0%,其差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=48.439,P<0.05)。100件精密持针器经光照、夹针和夹线3种方法测试后,夹持性能合格数量分别为96件、78件和62件,其差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=38.160,P<0.05);手术医生对采用夹线测试合格的精密持针器使用满意率最高,为100.0%、夹针和光照分别为79.0%和62.0%,医生使用满意率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=57.705,P<0.05)。结论:采用Interlock手术器械测试套装内的测试物检查精密手术剪及持针器功能质量,能客观精准地反映器械功能状态,为器械定期维护与保养提供参考,确保器械安全使用。

关键词：测试方法精密手术器械质量控制器械测试物切割性能夹持性能

Inter-well internal resonance analysis of rectangular asymmetric cross-ply bistable composite laminated cantilever shell under transverse foundation excitation

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第8期45卷 1353-1370页

作者： lele REN Wei ZHANG Yufei ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Mechanics Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Beijing Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Vibrations and Strength of Mechanical Structures College of Mechanical EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

The chaotic dynamic snap-through and complex nonlinear vibrations are investigated in a rectangular asymmetric cross-ply bistable composite laminated cantilever shell,in cases of 1:2 inter-well internal resonance and primary *** transverse foundation excitation is applied to the fixed end of the structure,and the other end is in a free *** first-order approximate multiple scales method is employed to perform the perturbation analysis on the dimensionless two-degree-of-freedom ordinary differential motion control *** four-dimensional averaged equations are derived in both polar and rectangular coordinate *** from the obtained frequency-amplitude and force-amplitude response curves,a detailed analysis is conducted to examine the impacts of excitation amplitude,damping coefficient,and tuning parameter on the nonlinear internal resonance characteristics of the *** nonlinear softening characteristic is exhibited in the upper stable-state,while the lower stable-state demonstrates the softening and linearity *** simulation is carried out using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method,and a series of nonlinear response curves are *** the excitation amplitude further elucidates the global bifurcation and chaotic dynamic snap-through characteristics of the bistable cantilever shell.

关键词： bistable composite laminated cantilever shell inter-well internal resonance primary resonance chaotic dynamic snap-through complex nonlinear vibration

Utility-Improved Key-Value Data Collection with Local Differential Privacy for Mobile Devices

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ZTE Communications 2022年第4期20卷 15-21页

作者： TONG Ze DENG Bowen zheng lele ZHANG Tao School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi'an 710071China

The structure of key-value data is a typical data structure generated by mobile *** collection and analysis of the data from mobile devices are critical for service providers to improve service ***,collecting raw data,which may contain various per⁃sonal information,would lead to serious personal privacy *** differential privacy(LDP)has been proposed to protect privacy on the device side so that the server cannot obtain the raw ***,existing mechanisms assume that all keys are equally sensitive,which can⁃not produce high-precision statistical results.A utility-improved data collection framework with LDP for key-value formed mobile data is pro⁃posed to solve this *** specifically,we divide the key-value data into sensitive and non-sensitive parts and only provide an LDPequivalent privacy guarantee for sensitive keys and all *** instantiate our framework by using a utility-improved key value-unary en⁃coding(UKV-UE)mechanism based on unary encoding,with which our framework can work effectively for a large key *** then vali⁃date our mechanism which provides better utility and is suitable for mobile devices by evaluating it in two real ***,some pos⁃sible future research directions are envisioned.

关键词： key-value data local differential privacy mobile devices privacy-preserving data collection

Highly stretchable kirigami-patterned nanofiber-based nanogenerators for harvesting human motion energy to power wearable electronics

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Materials Futures 2024年第2期3卷 131-140页

作者： Chuan Ning Shengxin Xiang Xiupeng Sun Xinya Zhao Chuanhui Wei lele Li Guoqiang zheng Kai Dong College of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold(Ministry of Education)Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Ministry of EducationSchool of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001People’s Republic of China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400People’s Republic of China School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China

Wearable electronics are advancing towards miniaturization and ***,traditional energy supply methods have largely hindered their *** effective solution to this problem is to convert human mechanical energy into electricity to power wearable electronic ***,it is greatly attractive to design flexible,foldable and even stretchable energy harvesting ***,we use the electrospinning and kirigami approach to develop a type of highly stretchable kirigami-patterned nanofiber-based triboelectric nanogenerator(K-TENG).Due to its innovative structural design,the K-TENG can achieve a tensile strain of 220%,independent of the tensile properties of the material *** a person swings their arms,the K-TENG fixed to the clothing can convert mechanical energy from human movement into electrical *** produced electricity can directly drive 50 LED lights and a digital watch,or be stored in a lithium battery to charge the smartwatch and smartphone,*** study employs a new method to fabricate a stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator and demonstrates its promising applications in wearable power technology.

关键词： stretchable triboelectric nanogenerators kirigami energy harvesting

An injectable,self-healable,and reusable PEDOT:PSS/PVA hydrogel patch electrode for epidermal electronics

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5479-5490页

作者： Yang Li Yuzhe Gu Sheng Qian Shuwen zheng Yuncong Pang lele Wang Baoguang Liu Shujuan Liu Qiang Zhao College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NJUPT)Nanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NJUPT)Nanjing 210023China

Injectability empowers conductive hydrogels to transcend traditional limitations,unlocking a realm of possibilities for innovative medical,wearable,and therapeutic applications that can significantly enhance patient care and quality of ***,we report an injectable,self-healable,and reusable hydrogel obtained by mixing the concentrated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)doped with polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS)suspension(~2 wt.%solid content),polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),and *** the presence of reversible borax/hydroxyl bonds and multiple hydrogen bonds,this PEDOT:PSS/PVA hydrogel exhibits notable shear-thinning behavior and self-healing capabilities,enabling it to be injected as a gel fiber from a ***-prepared injectable hydrogel also demonstrates an ultra-low modulus(~2.5 MPa),reduced on-skin impedance(~45%of commercial electrodes),and high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)(~15-22 dB)in recording of electrocardiography(ECG),electromyography(EMG),and electroencephalogram(EEG)***,the injectable hydrogels can be remolded and reinjected as the reusable electrodes,maintaining nearly identical electrophysiological recording capabilities and brain-computer interface(BCI)performance compared to commercial wet *** their straightforward fabrication,excellent material properties and electronic performance,ease of cleaning,and remarkable reusability,our injectable PEDOT:PSS/PVA hydrogels hold promise for advancements in BCI based electronics and wearable bioelectronics.

关键词： epidermal hydrogel electrodes reusability injectability self-healing electrophysiological recording brain-computer interface