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Defect Engineering:Can it Mitigate Strong Coulomb Effect of Mg^(2+)in Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries?

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 135-159页

作者： Zhengqing Fan Ruimin Li xin zhang Wanyu Zhao Zhenghui Pan Xiaowei Yang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804People’s Republic of China

Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)have been considered a promising“post lithium-ion battery”system to meet the rapidly increasing demand of the emerging electric vehicle and grid energy storage ***,the sluggish diffusion kinetics of bivalent Mg^(2+)in the host material,related to the strong Coulomb effect between Mg^(2+)and host anion lattices,hinders their further development toward practical *** engineering,regarded as an effective strategy to break through the slow migration puzzle,has been validated in various cathode materials for *** this review,we first thoroughly understand the intrinsic mechanism of Mg^(2+)diffusion in cathode materials,from which the key factors affecting ion diffusion are further ***,the positive effects of purposely introduced defects,including vacancy and doping,and the corresponding strategies for introducing various defects are *** applications of defect engineering in cathode materials for RMBs with advanced electrochemical properties are also ***,the existing challenges and future perspectives of defect engineering in cathode materials for the overall high-performance RMBs are described.

关键词： Rechargeable magnesium battery Sluggish diffusion kinetic Defect engineering Cathode materials Ion migration

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From waste to wealth:Coal tar residue derived carbon materials as low-cost anodes for potassium-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 464-475页

作者： Zhonghua Lu Jun Shen xin zhang Lingcong Chao Liang Chen Ding zhang Tao Wei Shoudong Xu College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China College of Chemistry Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Energy and Power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

Carbon materials are widely recognized as highly promising electrode materials for various energy storage system *** tar residues(CTR),as a type of carbon-rich solid waste with high value-added utilization,are crucially important for the development of a more sustainable *** this study,we employed a straightforward direct carbonization method within the temperature range of 700-1000℃to convert the worthless solid waste CTR into economically valuable carbon materials as anodes for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs).The effect of carbonization temperature on the microstructure and the potassium ions storage properties of CTR-derived carbons(CTRCs)were systematically explored by structural and morphological characterization,alongside electrochemical performances *** on the co-regulation between the turbine layers,crystal structure,pore structure,functional groups,and electrical conductivity of CTR-derived carbon carbonized at 900℃(CTRC-900H),the electrode material with high reversible capacity of 265.6m Ah·g^(-1)at 50 m A·g^(-1),a desirable cycling stability with 93.8%capacity retention even after 100 cycles,and the remarkable rate performance for PIBs were ***,cyclic voltammetry(CV)at different scan rates and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)have been employed to explore the potassium ions storage mechanism and electrochemical kinetics of *** indicate that the electrode behavior is predominantly governed by surface-induced capacitive processes,particularly under high current densities,with the potassium storage mechanism characterized by an“adsorption-weak intercalation”*** work highlights the potential of CTR-based carbon as a promising electrode material category suitable for high-performance PIBs electrodes,while also provides valuable insights into the new avenues for the high value-added utilization of CTR.

关键词： coal tar residue carbon materials anode potassium-ion batteries high value-added

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Polybenzimidazolium-reinforced polyimide separators to inhibit dendrites for high-security lithium-ion batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Guohua Sun Jiaqi Cui Qingsong zhang Yisong Zhou xinluo Li Yingying zhang Zhanao zhang xin zhang Jiantao Fan Pengpeng Li Lianlong Hou Nanjun Chen Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University

Lithium dendrite formation poses a significant safety hazard in lithium-ion batteries（LIBs）, severely impeding their widespread adoption and further technological advancements. Here, we present a novel quaternized polybenzimidazolium（q-PBI） to armor polyimide（PI） nanofiber separator（q-PBI@PI）, in which the q-PBI containing lithiophilicity and anionphilicity sites serves as the multifunctional nano-layers to suppress the Li dendrite and reinforce the mechanical properties of PI nanofiber ***, the q-PBI@PI separator displays an unprecedented mechanical strength of 82.8 MPa, significantly outperforming previously reported PI nanofiber membranes（typically below 50.0 MPa）. Besides, we demonstrate that the q-PBI@PI separator simultaneously possesses low nucleation overpotential（59 mV） and exceptional average coulombic efficiency due to the suppression of Li dendrite. Importantly, q-PBI@PI-based Li||Li battery enables a stable Li plating-stripping at 1.0 m A cm-2for600 h. Attributing to these exceptional merits, the armored PI separator-based LIBs display remarkable specific capability and capacity retention. The density function theory calculations reveal that q-PBI is conducive to the desolvation of Li+and can immobilize Li+and PF6-ions near affinity sites of PI nanofibers for inhibiting the formation of Li dendrites. Our work paves a new avenue for the design of next-generation high-performing separators in LIBs.

关键词：

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence enhanced by macrocyclization

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Shuo Li Chenghao Zhu Lijun Mao xin zhang Zecong Ye Chunju Li Da Ma School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies Taizhou University School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules Tianjin Normal University

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) depends on reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) from the lowest triplet to the singlet excited state. Here, a macrocyclization strategy is developed to achieve TADF emission by promoting RISC. 5-(9Hcarbazol-9-yl) isophthalonitrile, a fluorescent molecule, is coupled with 1,4-dimethoxybenzene by methylene bridges to form a macrocycle with TADF emission. Experimental results and theoretical calculation indicate that the macrocyclization strategy contributes to RISC promotion and suppression of nonradiative decay, resulting in effective TADF emission transformed from prompt fluorescence. Three TADF luminophores are cyclized with the same strategy, and an enhanced TADF emission of up to3.8 folds is observed. The marriage of macrocycle chemistry and luminescent materials will provide new guidelines for designing efficient TADF materials.

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Acceptor concentration dependent Fo?rster resonance energy transfer in nanocrystal-molecule complexes revealed by spectral analysis

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： Rongxin zhang Zixiang ZHOU Lei WANG xin zhang Ying LIANG Guijie LIANG Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices， Hubei University of Arts and Science

A nanocrystal-molecule complex composed of CdSe donor and Rhodamine B (RhB) acceptor is prepared to investigate the effect of accepter-donor ratio on the Fo?rster resonance energy transfer (FRET) process. To highlight the FRET process， the energy level alignment between CdSe and RhB is purposefully designed and CdSe nanocrystal is coated with a wide band-gap ZnS shell. The carrier dynamics is observed via combined spectral analysis. The results reveal clear FRET process between the CdSe donor and RhB acceptor. The FRET is enhanced by increasing RhB/CdSe ratio and a gradual saturation will be present at high RhB concentration.

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Peficitinib suppresses diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor by targeting TYK2 and JAK/STAT signaling

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Shan Lu Chenxi Cao Wenjia zhang Jiayi Li Jingli Yang Zisheng Huang Zhijun Wu Baitao Liu Hongjie Huang Haijun Wang Yongjian Wang Dingge Liu Zhihua zhang Kaiping Liu Gang Yang Xi Gong Hui Dai Yingjia Li Erdan Dong xin zhang Yan zhang Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third HospitalState Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling Peking University Department of Sports Medicine Peking University Third Hospital Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Molecular Medicine College of Future Technology Peking University Peking University Health Science Centre Peking University Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical Sciences NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology Peking University Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital) School of Health and Life Sciences University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

Diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor(dTGCT) is a destructive but rare benign proliferative synovial neoplasm. Although surgery is currently the main treatment modality for dTGCT, the recurrence risk is up to 50%. Therefore, there is a great need for effective drugs against dTGCT with minor side effects. The Janus kinase(JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT) signaling plays a central role in rheumatoid arthritis(RA), a disease with similar characteristics as dTGCT, but its function in dTGCT remains *** fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS) and macrophages were isolated from 10 synovial tissue samples from dTGCT patients for the screening and validation of the five clinically approved JAK inhibitors to treat RA against dTGCT. Cell viability, cell death, inflammation and the activity of the JAK family members of cultured dTGCT FLS(both 2-D and 3-D) and macrophages were investigated for the efficacy of the JAK inhibitors. Here, we found that similar to RA, JAK/STAT signaling was markedly activated in the dTGCT synovium. Of the 5 JAK inhibitors, peficitinib was shown to have the most potency in addressing some of the pathological responses of dTGCT FLS and *** potency of peficitinib was much higher than pexidartinib, which is the only FDA-approved drug for dTGCT. Mechanistically, peficitinib inhibited tyrosine kinase 2(TYK2), a JAK family member necessary for the pathological progression of dTGCT FLS and macrophages. In summary, we not only revealed JAK/STAT(especially TYK2) signaling as the major mechanism underlying dTGCT, but also identified peficitinib as a promising drug against dTGCT.

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外柔内刚,鲠直持正,秉持气节——明清江南士大夫人文精神的一个面相

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史学集刊 2025年第1期 52-62页

作者：范金民张彭欣南京大学历史学院江苏南京210023

人们心目中的江南士大夫形象,无论峨冠博带的饱学之士,擅长鸿篇巨制的文学侍从之臣,还是娴熟典故参赞朝政的藻饰能手,能言善辩的博雅君子,似乎儒雅有之而缺乏胆气,温婉有之而少阳刚之气,小心谨慎有余而开拓进取殊少,驰骋疆场斩将搴旗者... 详细信息

人们心目中的江南士大夫形象,无论峨冠博带的饱学之士,擅长鸿篇巨制的文学侍从之臣,还是娴熟典故参赞朝政的藻饰能手,能言善辩的博雅君子,似乎儒雅有之而缺乏胆气,温婉有之而少阳刚之气,小心谨慎有余而开拓进取殊少,驰骋疆场斩将搴旗者更加罕见。这其实只是江南士大夫治国理政、行为出入的一个面相,远非江南士大夫人文精神的基本面貌。江南士大夫外表貌似柔弱,内心实无比强大,态度似乎和顺,意志则极为坚定,往往是外柔内刚,力重千钧。他们学养丰厚,恂恂儒雅,其实是非分明,原则问题绝不退让;其谈吐多温文尔雅,少见其过激举动,但事关国家兴亡和社稷安危等大事,则虽九死而不悔,多能置生死利害而不顾。

关键词：明清江南士大夫人文面相外柔内刚

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计算机视觉领域对抗样本检测综述

计算机科学 2025年第1期52卷 345-361页

作者：张鑫张晗牛曼宇姬莉霞郑州大学网络空间安全学院郑州450001 智能警务四川省重点实验室四川泸州646000 四川大学计算机学院成都610065

随着数据量的增加和硬件性能的提升,深度学习在计算机视觉领域取得了显著进展.然而,深度学习模型容易受到对抗样本的攻击,导致输出发生显著变化.对抗样本检测作为一种有效的防御手段,可以在不改变模型结构的前提下防止对抗样本对深度学... 详细信息

随着数据量的增加和硬件性能的提升,深度学习在计算机视觉领域取得了显著进展.然而,深度学习模型容易受到对抗样本的攻击,导致输出发生显著变化.对抗样本检测作为一种有效的防御手段,可以在不改变模型结构的前提下防止对抗样本对深度学习模型造成影响.首先,对近年来的对抗样本检测研究工作进行了整理,分析了对抗样本检测与训练数据的关系,根据检测方法所使用特征进行分类,系统全面地介绍了计算机视觉领域的对抗样本检测方法;然后,对一些结合跨领域技术的检测方法进行了详细介绍,统计了训练和评估检测方法的实验配置;最后,汇总了一些有望应用于对抗样本检测的技术,并对未来的研究挑战进行展望.

关键词：深度学习对抗样本攻击对抗样本检测人工智能安全图像分类

Reliability Analysis of a Cold Standby Repairable System with Repairman Extra Work

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2015年第5期28卷 1015-1032页

作者： zhang xin Department of Basic Courses Beijing Union University Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences

This paper deals with a cold standby repairable system with two identical units and one repairman who can do extra work in idle time. The authors are devoted to studying the unique existence and exponential stability of the system solution. C0-semigroup theory is used to prove the existence of a unique nonnegative time-dependent solution of the system. Then by using the theory of resolvent positive operator, the authors derive that dynamic solution of the system exponentially converges to its steady-state one which is the eigenfunction corresponding to eigenvalue 0 of the system operator. Some reliability indices of the system are discussed with a different method from traditional one. The authors also make a profit analysis to determine the optimal service time outside the system to maximize the system profit.

关键词： C0-semigroup exponential stability repairable system resolvent positive operator