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Comparative proteomic analysis of plasma exosomes reveals the functional contribution of N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase to Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2998-3012页

作者： Yuan Zhao Yidan zhang Xin Liu jian zhang Ya Gao Shuyue Li Cui Chang Xiang Liu Guofeng Yang Department of Geriatrics Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina

Parkinson’s disease is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder,and few reliable biomarkers are available to track disease *** proteins,DNA,mRNA,and lipids carried by exosomes reflect intracellular changes,and thus can serve as biomarkers for a variety of *** this study,we investigated alterations in the protein content of plasma exosomes derived from patients with Parkinson’s disease and the potential therapeutic roles of these proteins in Parkinson’s *** a tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics approach,we characterized the proteomes of plasma exosomes derived from individual patients,identified exosomal protein signatures specific to patients with Parkinson’s disease,and identified N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase as a differentially expressed protein.N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase expression levels in exosomes from the plasma of patients and healthy controls were validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western *** results demonstrated that the exosomal N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase concentration was not only lower in Parkinson’s disease,but also decreased with increasing Hoehn-Yahr stage,suggesting that N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase could be used to rapidly evaluate Parkinson’s disease ***,western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase levels were markedly reduced both in cells treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and cells overexpressingα-synuclein compared with control ***,N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase overexpression significantly increased cell viability and inhibitedα-synuclein expression in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-treated *** together,our findings demonstrate for the first time that exosomal N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase may serve as a biomarker for Parkinson’s disease diagnosis,and that N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase may reduceα-synuclein expression and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced n

关键词： biomarker diagnosis exosomes N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase Parkinson’s disease proteomic α-synuclein

Insights into spinal muscular atrophy from molecular biomarkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1849-1863页

作者： Xiaodong Xing Xinzhu Liu Xiandeng Li Mi Li Xian Wu Xiaohui Huang Ajing Xu Yan Liu jian zhang Department of Clinical Pharmacy Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina College of Pharmacy Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Spinal muscular atrophy is a devastating motor neuron disease characterized by severe cases of fatal muscle *** is one of the most common genetic causes of mortality among infants aged less than 2 *** research is currently receiving more attention,and new candidate biomarkers are constantly being *** review initially discusses the evaluation methods commonly used in clinical practice while briefly outlining their respective pros and *** also describe recent advancements in research and the clinical significance of molecular biomarkers for spinal muscular atrophy,which are classified as either specific or non-specific *** review provides new insights into the pathogenesis of spinal muscular atrophy,the mechanism of biomarkers in response to drug-modified therapies,the selection of biomarker candidates,and would promote the development of future ***,the successful utilization of biomarkers may facilitate the implementation of gene-targeting treatments for patients with spinal muscular atrophy.

关键词： biomarkers disease progression gene-targeting therapy neurofilaments Nusinersen spinal muscular atrophy(SMA) survival motor neuron therapeutic evaluation treatment outcomes

Negative PO3-implanted bionic ion transport channels for promoting Li-S battery

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Wenhuan Huang Shun Wang Xuehan Hou Yanan zhang Xingxing zhang Yaoxiao Zhao Xilang Jin Huabin zhang Fei Wang jian zhang Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi University of Science and Technology School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Xi'an Technological University Chemistry Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences

Lithium-sulfur （Li-S） battery,as a promising next-generation high-energy-density battery,suffers from lithium polysulfides（LPSs） shuttle and Li dendrites *** crystalline framework-based membranes as separator can effectively absorb and restrain LPSs but without precise structural design principal exploration and mechanism ***,bio-inspired 1D oriented lithium-ion transport channels with molecular negatively charged PO3（-1） have been developed in hybrid tetrazole frameworks for promoting the transmission of Li+*** theoretical calculations and in situ spectroscopy demonstrated the higher binding energy and inhibited diffusion of LPSs in *** assembled PP@PO3Janus separator in Li-S coin cell delivered a high initial capacity of 1410.9 mAh g-1at 0.1 C and a low attenuation rate of 0.038%per cycle over 500 cycles at 5 ***,the high capacities of 862,542 and 409 mAh g-1based on high-sulfur-loading cathodes of 2.6,3.8 and 5.0 mg cm-2at0.5 C were achieved,***,the punch battery of PO3@PP separator with S-cathode of 1.2 mg cm-2has been developed for demonstrating its potentials commercial application,which displays impressive capacity of 873.4 mAh g-1with the retention of～78.9%over 50 cycles.

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Stable copper boron–imidazolate cage as Cu-riched enzyme for highly efficient electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethylene

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Jun-Qiang Chen Qiao-Hong Li Qin-Long Hong Ping Shao Hai-Xia zhang jian zhang State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences

Single-atom catalyst has garnered widespread attention to mimic mature enzymes due to its well-defined atomic structure and coordination environments. However, since the carbon–carbon（C–C） coupling reactions require synergistic catalysis of multiple sites, single-atom catalysts suffer from insufficient active sites and unclear reaction mechanisms. Controlling the reaction intermediates in a precisely targeted pocket through careful metal–organic cage design is therefore crucial. Here, we prepare a tetrahedral [Cu6L4]-type boron–imidazolate cage integrating highly active Cu sites and optimized cavity, which exhibits enzyme like specific catalytic performance in electrochemical CO2reduction reaction（CO2RR） to enhance the selectivity of *** analyses and computational calculations suggest that the single Cu site together with neighboring boron–imidazolate ligands provides suitably synergistic effects that enable the energetically favorable formation of an *COCHO intermediate, a key step determining selectivity. As a result, the [Cu6L4]-type cage of BIC-145 achieves a Faradaic efficiency of 28% for C2H4maintaining an average current density of -3.54 mA cm-2over a 5-hour electrolysis period. This work represents the first example for studying single-metal site catalysts with ultra-low coordination numbers through the rational design of metal–organic cages.

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Breaking the structural symmetry of active sites in zeolite imidazolate framework for enhanced CO2 photoreduction

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yupeng Han Yayu Yan Qiaohong Li Xin Wu Fei Wang jian zhang State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry Fuzhou University

Adjusting the structure and composition of active sites is a highly effective method for activating linear ***, precise control of interfacial chemistry within molecular-scale environments presents a significant challenge in heterogeneous catalysis. In our study, we present symmetry-broken Mo-O-Co triple-atom active sites within the hybrid zeolite imidazole framework HZIF-CoMo. These sites disrupt the electronic balance and create a weak built-in electric field, thus promoting photocatalytic CO2reduction. The CO yield over HZIF-CoMo is improved to 3.1 mmol g-1h-1, which is over four times higher than the parent cobalt-imidazole framework MAF-6-Co. Both experimental and theoretical studies indicate that electronic modulation through the symmetry-breaking Mo-O-Co moiety acts as an organizing knob to accelerate charge separation and result in more carriers participating in the catalytic reaction. This work provides important insights into optimizing site-related electronic structures for targeted photocatalytic reactions.

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Dual-ligand chiral MOFs exhibiting circularly polarized room temperature phosphorescence for anti-counterfeiting

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Hongrui Zheng Qingqing Wang Xinchao Wang Fei Wang Shangda Li jian zhang State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University

Advanced chiral optical materials exhibiting circularly polarized room-temperature phosphorescence（CPRTP） possess significant research value. This study facilitates the synthesis of chiral metal-organic frameworks（CMOFs） with good CPRTP performance by implementing a dual-ligand strategy. By self-assembling the luminescent ligand H2BIIM with the chiral ligands L-or D-H2IDPA in the presence of Zn（II） ions, two robust three-dimensional（3D） CMOFs were successfully constructed. These complexes demonstrated intense fluorescence and exhibited prolonged yellow room-temperature phosphorescence（RTP） with a duration of up to 6 s. Notably, they exhibited both circularly polarized fluorescence(glum= ±7.57 × 10-3) and CPRTP(glum=±2.68 × 10-3). These unique properties were effectively utilized in the creation of multi-color anti-counterfeiting patterns,underscoring their promising potential for a wide range of applications.

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渗透树脂联合美白技术修复微裂氟斑牙

中国组织工程研究 2025年第4期29卷 686-691页

作者：张文怡尹昭张健天津医科大学口腔医院修复科天津市300070 衡水市第四人民医院河北省衡水市053000 天津医科大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科天津市300070

背景:微研磨、家庭美白联合渗透树脂治疗氟斑牙具有良好的效果,但该方法对氟斑牙微裂纹的影响尚不清楚。目的:探究微研磨、家庭美白联合渗透树脂修复微裂氟斑牙的效果。方法:①临床研究:选择2020年7月至2021年3月就诊于天津医科大学口... 详细信息

背景:微研磨、家庭美白联合渗透树脂治疗氟斑牙具有良好的效果,但该方法对氟斑牙微裂纹的影响尚不清楚。目的:探究微研磨、家庭美白联合渗透树脂修复微裂氟斑牙的效果。方法:①临床研究:选择2020年7月至2021年3月就诊于天津医科大学口腔医院修复科的23例微裂氟斑牙患者,包括255颗微裂氟斑牙,均接受牙齿微研磨术、家庭美白与渗透树脂联合治疗,对比治疗前及治疗结束后1周、1个月的牙齿颜色、牙齿敏感程度和牙齿疼痛阈值。②体外实验:收集牙齿表面至少存在一条裂纹的氟斑牙60颗,随机分3组处理:对照组不进行任何处理,美白组进行微研磨与家庭美白处理,联合组进行微研磨、家庭美白和渗透树脂联合处理,每组20颗,测量处理后3组牙齿样本的显微硬度。结果与结论:①临床研究:治疗结束后6个月,255颗微裂氟斑牙中牙齿美白治疗显效207颗、有效48颗,总体治疗有效率为100%。随着治疗时间的延长,中、重度牙齿度敏感程度占比呈下降趋势,治疗结束后6个月,255颗氟斑牙中无重度敏感、15颗为中度敏感、125颗为轻度敏感、115颗无敏感,与治疗前的氟斑牙敏感程度相比差异有显著性意义(P0.05)。②体外实验:美白组牙齿显微硬度值低于对照组、联合组(P0.05)。③结果表明,微研磨、家庭美白联合渗透树脂治疗微裂氟斑牙具有较好的疗效。

关键词：氟斑牙微裂纹渗透树脂牙齿美白治疗效果显微硬度

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视觉富文档理解预训练综述

计算机科学 2025年第1期52卷 259-276页

作者：张剑李晖张晟铭吴杰彭滢西安电子科技大学网络与信息安全学院西安710071 中电科网络安全科技股份有限公司成都610095

视觉富文档指语义结构不仅由文本内容决定,还与排版格式和表格结构等视觉元素相关的文档。现实生活中的票据理解和证件识别等应用场景,都需要对视觉富文档进行自动化的阅读、分析和处理。这一过程即为视觉富文档理解,属于自然语言处理... 详细信息

视觉富文档指语义结构不仅由文本内容决定,还与排版格式和表格结构等视觉元素相关的文档。现实生活中的票据理解和证件识别等应用场景,都需要对视觉富文档进行自动化的阅读、分析和处理。这一过程即为视觉富文档理解,属于自然语言处理和计算机视觉的交叉领域。近年来,视觉富文档理解领域的预训练技术在打破下游任务的训练壁垒和提升模型表现上取得了重大的进展。然而,目前对现有的预训练模型的归纳总结和深入分析仍然有所欠缺。为此,对视觉富文档理解领域预训练技术的相关研究进行了全面总结。首先,介绍了预训练技术的数据预处理阶段,包括预训练数据集和光学字符识别引擎。然后,对预训练技术的模型预训练阶段进行了阐述,提炼出单模态表示学习、多模态特征融合和预训练任务3个关键的技术模块,并基于上述模块归纳了预训练模型之间的共性和差异。此外,简要介绍了多模态大模型在视觉富文档理解领域的应用。接着,对预训练模型在下游任务上的表现进行了对比分析。最后,探讨了预训练技术面临的挑战和未来的研究方向。

关键词：文档智能预训练模型自然语言处理计算机视觉深度学习

影响牙髓干细胞成骨及成牙本质分化的相关物理因素及作用机制

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中国组织工程研究 2025年第7期29卷 1531-1540页

作者：孙玉婷吴家媛张剑遵义医科大学口腔医学院贵州省遵义市563000

背景:牙髓干细胞是口腔颌面部组织工程中极具应用潜力的干细胞之一,较骨髓间充质干细胞具有采集方便、伦理问题少以及增殖分化潜能高等优势。目前,除了生物化学等因素外,物理刺激对于牙髓干细胞的成骨/成牙本质分化也起着关键性的作用... 详细信息

背景:牙髓干细胞是口腔颌面部组织工程中极具应用潜力的干细胞之一,较骨髓间充质干细胞具有采集方便、伦理问题少以及增殖分化潜能高等优势。目前,除了生物化学等因素外,物理刺激对于牙髓干细胞的成骨/成牙本质分化也起着关键性的作用。目的:综述影响牙髓干细胞成骨/成牙本质分化的相关物理因素以及可能涉及的信号传导通路作用机制,寻找影响其分化的最佳诱导条件。方法:检索PubMed和中国知网数据库,以“牙髓干细胞,成骨分化,成牙本质分化,低氧,机械力,激光,磁场,微重力”为中文检索词,以“dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs),osteogenesis differentiation,odontoblastic differentiation,hypoxia,mechanical force,laser therapy,magnetic fields,microgravity”为英文检索词,选取与影响牙髓干细胞成骨/成牙本质分化相关物理因素有关的79篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:(1)微环境中直接或间接的物理信号在调控牙髓干细胞定向分化方面展现出了广阔的应用前景。低氧、力学刺激(动静水压力、机械牵张力及剪切力等)、激光、微重力和磁场等相关物理因素对牙髓干细胞的影响以促进成骨/成牙本质分化为主,因口颌系统拥有复杂的力学环境,力学刺激是细胞环境改变的关键物理因素,同时也是组织工程的一个前沿领域,深入探讨牙髓干细胞对力学环境的响应为口腔疾病的诊断及治疗提供新思路。(2)因该领域比较“年轻”,相关因素涉及的设备参数尚未统一,相关结果存在不一致性,未能达成共识,之后应进一步探索及优化相关物理因素的最佳诱导参数及作用条件。(3)支架材料作为组织工程的三要素之一,在牙髓干细胞成骨/成牙本质分化方面也起到了促进作用,同时也推动了材料学的发展及临床技术的进步。(4)其中涉及到的信号通路有Notch,Wnt,MAPK等,关于物理刺激如何调控牙髓干细胞行为的相关生物学基础尚未明确,未来将进一步探究其具体作用机制,为物理因素影响下的牙髓再生及骨组织工程提供新思路。

关键词：牙髓干细胞成骨分化成牙本质分化物理因素力学因素信号通路干细胞组织工程