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Gas formation mechanism of marine carbonate source rocks in china

Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第4期48卷 441-453页

作者： zhao wenzhi1, wang zhaoyun1, he haiqing2, zhang mingjie3, wang hongjun1, wang yunpeng4 & qin yong5 1. research institute of petroleum exploration & development, petrochina, beijing 100083, china 2. petrochina exploration & Production, beijing 100011, china 3. Department of Geology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, china 4. Guangzhou Geochemical institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, china 5. china University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221000, china research {1. of petroleum exploration & development PetroChinaBeijin China petrochina {1. & Production Beijing China Department of Geology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China Guangzhou Geochemical {1. Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China china University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou China

By breaking through the conventional ideology on the study of gas-formation mechanism of source rocks which focused on merely the characteristics of source rocks them- selves, and based on the development and distribution characteristics of marine carbonate source rocks in the medium-to-bottom parts of the Chinese superimposed sedimentary basins as well as various processes in the course of gas generation and reservoir forming, the complex hydrocarbon-generating model of carbonates is established. Such a model concerns not only the “three-stage” gas formation characteristics of carbonates, but also the gas generation process due to a thermal cracking of oil and the re-generation process of gas from heated secondary organic matters during the gas-generation and reservoir-forming course. The high-quality hy- drocarbon generating matter of marine carbonate source rocks determined a high gas-oil ratio and tended to form paleo-oil-reservoirs, representing an enrichment process of organic matters. The thermal cracking of oil in palaeo-oil-reservoirs is an important means for the effective forma- tion of gas reservoirs. The secondary organic matters in carbonate reservoirs may regenerate gas after a secondary deep burial, thus becoming an effective gas source.

关键词： carbonate, three-stage hydrocarbon generation, inhibitive effect of maturity, oil-cracking gas, second-ary asphalt gas.

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Oil cracking: An important way for highly efficient gen- eration of gas from marine source rock kitchen

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第22期50卷 2628-2635页

作者： zhao {1. wang zhaoyun zhang Shuichang wang hongjun wang yunpeng research {1. of petroleum exploration & development Petro- China Beijing 100083 China Guangzhou institute of Geoc{1.mistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640. China

The potentials of gas generation by kerogen in the late period and by crude oil cracking are closely related to the origin of natural gas in the high- to over mature ma- rine area and their exploration perspectives. The carbon structure of kerogens, with different types and at different evolution stages, have been experimentally studied using the high magnetic field solid 1.C nuclear magnetic resonance technique in order to determine the oil and gas potential of kerogens. Results show that the contents of gas potential carbon(GPC) of types I, II, III kerogens at the high- to over mature stage are very low, indicating their weak gas-generating capacity and limited gas production; however, the content of oil potential carbon(OPC) of the low mature type I kerogen is much higher, implying that a large amount of crude oil generated during the oil-generating period will be the material for later gas generation by oil cracking. The kinetic experiment of gas generation by crude oil cracking shows that, when the temperature is about 1.0℃(Ro=1.6%), the crude oil will start to produce large amounts of gas; the temperature range for major gas generation of crude oil is higher than that of the kerogens, and the gas production is 2 to 4 times higher than that of kerogens. The natural gas de- rived from oil cracking (called oil-cracked gas) is much abundant in methyl hexamethylene, which is quite different from the natural gas produced by thermal degradation of kerogens (named kerogen degradation gas) at high- to over mature stage.

关键词：石油裂化反应油原退化磁场结构 GPC

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