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SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein impairs airway epithelial barrier function and exacerbates airway inflammation via increased intracellular Cl^(-)concentration

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1745-1759页

作者： Jian-Bang Xu Wei-Jie Guan Yi-Lin Zhang Zhuo-Er Qiu Lei Chen Xiao-Chun Hou Junqing Yue Yu-yun Zhou Jie Sheng Lei zhao yun-Xin Zhu Jing Sun Jincun zhao Wen-liang Zhou Nan-Shan Zhong State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseNational Center for Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Department of Thoracic Surgery Guangzhou Institute for Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Guangzhou National Laboratory GuangzhouP.R.China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Department of Physiology School of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection disrupts the epithelial barrier and triggers airway *** envelope(E)protein,a core virulence structural component of coronaviruses,may play a role in this *** could interfere with transepithelial Cl^(-)transport via impairment of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR),which modulates nuclear factor kB(NF-kB)***,the pathological effects of SARS-CoV-2 E protein on airway epithelial barrier function,Cl^(-)transport and the robust inflammatory response remain to be ***,we have demonstrated that E protein down-regulated the expression of tight junctional proteins,leading to the disruption of the airway epithelial *** addition,E protein triggered the activation of Toll-like receptor(TLR)2/4 and downstream c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)signaling,resulting in an increased intracellular Cl^(-)concentration([Cl^(-)]_(i))via up-regulating phosphodiesterase 4D(PDE4D)expression in airway epithelial *** elevated[Cl^(-)]_(i);contributed to the heightened airway inflammation through promoting the phosphorylation of serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1(SGK1).Moreover,blockade of SGK1 or PDE4 alleviated the robust inflammatory response induced by E ***,these findings provide novel insights into the pathogenic role of SARS-CoV-2 E protein in airway epithelial damage and the ongoing airway inflammation during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

关键词： airway inflammation elevated

Vibronic coupling effect on intersystem crossing rates of TADF emitters

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结构化学 2024年第6期43卷 22-24页

作者： Xin Huang Yi zhao Wanzhen liang State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces iChEMFujian Provincial Key Lab of Theoretical and Computational ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China

To take advantage of all the singlet and triplet excitons and then achieve 100％internal quantum efficiency in OLED devices,the scientists have proposed the thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)strategy which tries to achieve"delayed"fluorescence by converting triplet excitons to singlet excitons through a reverse intersystem crossing(ISC/RISC)process with the help of thermal activation[1].In the early days,the efficient RISC processes were facilitated by a negligible energy gap(△EST)and a large spin-orbit coupling(SOC)matrix element(SOCME)between the first singlet(S1)and triplet(T1)excited states.

关键词： ACTIVATED DELAYED FLUORESCENCE

A Hybrid Level Set Optimization Design Method of Functionally Graded Cellular Structures Considering Connectivity

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1-18页

作者： Yan Dong Kang zhao liang Gao Hao Li The State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Institute of Systems Engineering China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang621900China

With the continuous advancement in topology optimization and additive manufacturing(AM)technology,the capability to fabricate functionally graded materials and intricate cellular structures with spatially varying microstructures has grown ***,a critical challenge is encountered in the design of these structures–the absence of robust interface connections between adjacent microstructures,potentially resulting in diminished efficiency or macroscopic failure.A Hybrid Level Set Method(HLSM)is proposed,specifically designed to enhance connectivity among non-uniform microstructures,contributing to the design of functionally graded cellular *** HLSM introduces a pioneering algorithm for effectively blending heterogeneous microstructure ***,an interpolation algorithm is presented to construct transition microstructures seamlessly connected on both ***,the algorithm enables the morphing of non-uniform unit cells to seamlessly adapt to interconnected adjacent *** method,seamlessly integrated into a multi-scale topology optimization framework using the level set method,exhibits its efficacy through numerical examples,showcasing its prowess in optimizing 2D and 3D functionally graded materials(FGM)and multi-scale topology *** essence,the pressing issue of interface connections in complex structure design is not only addressed but also a robust methodology is introduced,substantiated by numerical evidence,advancing optimization capabilities in the realm of functionally graded materials and cellular structures.

关键词： Hybrid level set method functionally graded cellular structure connectivity interpolated transition optimization design

Manipulation of magnetocaloric and elastocaloric effects in Ni-Mn-In alloys by lattice volume and magnetic variation:Effect of Co and Fe co-doping

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 156-165页

作者： Xinzeng liang Chi Zhang Jing Bai Jianglong Gu Yudong Zhang Claude Esling Xiang zhao liang Zuo School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang 110870China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Resources and Materials Northeastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao 066004China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Laboratoire d’Étude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux LEM3 CNRSUMR 7239University of Lorraine57045 MetzFrance

The effects of Co and Fe co-doping Ni-Mn-In alloy on the phase stability,lattice parameters,mag-netic properties,and electronic structures are systematically investigated by using the first-principles *** indicate that Fe atoms replace the excess Mn2 atoms by direct and indirect coex-istence(Fe→Mn 2 and Fe→In→Mn2);Co substitutes the Ni atoms by direct substitution(Co→Ni)for the Ni-Mn-In *** austenites all exhibit the ferromagnetic(FM)state for the studied *** NM martensites are in the ferrimagnetic(FIM-1)state for the Ni_(2)Mn_(1.5)In_(0.5),Ni_(2)Mn_(1.25)In_(0.5)Fe 0.25,Ni_(1.75)Mn_(1.5)In_(0.5)Co_(0.25),and Ni_(1.75)Mn_(1.25)In_(0.5)Co_(0.25)Fe 0.25 alloys,while the other compositions are in the FM *** phase stability of austenite and martensite decreases with increasing Co and Fe co-doping.A magnetic-structural coupling transition occurs at x<0.25 and y<*** Ni_(1.91)Mn_(1.5)In_(0.5)Co_(0.08)and Ni_(1.91)Mn_(1.42)In_(0.5)Co_(0.08)Fe_(0.08)alloys exhibit an A→6M→NM transformation,accompanied by a magnetic *** Co and Fe are co-doped,the hybridization strength between Co and Fe is greater than that between Co/Fe and *** enhancement of magnetocaloric and elastocaloric effects is favored by larger magnetization difference(△M)and lattice volume change(△V/V_(0)).Based on the calculated phase stability,magneto-structure coupling,△V/V 0 and c/a ratio,one can predict that the Ni_(2)-x Mn_(1.5)-y In_(0.5)Co x Fe y alloy with Co content 0≤x≤0.25 and Fe content 0≤y≤0.05 is predicted to have good magneto-controlled functional behavior.

关键词： Ni-Mn-In-Co-Fe Phase stability Magnetocaloric effect Elastocaloric effect

Deep learning-based inpainting of saturation artifacts in optical coherence tomography images

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第3期17卷 1-10页

作者： Muyun Hu Zhuoqun Yuan Di Yang Jingzhu zhao Yanmei liang Institute of Modern Optics Nankai UniversityTianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyTianjin 300350China Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin 300060China

Limited by the dynamic range of the detector,saturation artifacts usually occur in optical coherence tomography(OCT)imaging for high scattering *** available methods are difficult to remove saturation artifacts and restore texture completely in OCT *** proposed a deep learning-based inpainting method of saturation artifacts in this *** generation mechanism of saturation artifacts was analyzed,and experimental and simulated datasets were built based on the *** super-resolution generative adversarial networks were trained by the clear–saturated phantom image *** perfect reconstructed results of experimental zebrafish and thyroid OCT images proved its feasibility,strong generalization,and robustness.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography saturation artifacts deep learning image inpainting.

Formation and transformation of metastable LPSO building blocks clusters in Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloys by spinodal decomposition and heterogeneous nucleation

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 673-686页

作者： Xin zhao Zhong Yang Jiachen Zhang Minxian liang Liying Wang School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Xi’an Technological UniversityXi’an 710021China Xi’an Tianli Metal Composite Material Co.Ltd. Xi’an 710299China

To study the formation and transformation mechanism of long-period stacked ordered(LPSO)structures,a systematic atomic scale analysis was conducted for the structural evolution of long-period stacked ordered(LPSO)structures in the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy annealed at 300℃~500℃.Various types of metastable LPSO building block clusters were found to exist in alloy structures at different temperatures,which precipitate during the solidification and homogenization *** stability of Zn/Y clusters is explained by the first principles of density functional *** LPSO structure is distinguished by the arrangement of its different Zn/Y enriched LPSO structural units,which comprises local fcc stacking sequences upon a tightly packed *** presence of solute atoms causes local lattice distortion,thereby enabling the rearrangement of Mg atoms in the different configurations in the local lattice,and local HCP-FCC transitions occur between Mg and Zn atoms occupying the nearest neighbor *** finding indicates that LPSO structures can generate necessary Schockley partial dislocations on specific slip surfaces,providing direct evidence of the transition from 18R to *** of the LPSO,devoid of any defects and non-coherent interfaces,was observed separately from other precipitated *** a result,the precipitation sequence of LPSO in the solidification stage was as follows:Zn/Ycluster+Mg layers→various metastable LPSO building block clusters→18R/24R LPSO;whereas the precipitation sequence of LPSO during homogenization treatment was observed to be as follows:18R LPSO→various metastable LPSO building block clusters→14H *** these,14H LPSO was found to be the most thermodynamically stable structure.

关键词： LPSO Spinodal decomposition Homogenization treatment Clusters Phase transformation

Understanding and improving Yangtze River Basin summer precipitation prediction using an optimal multi-Physics ensemble

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第1期18卷 256-277页

作者： Yang zhao Fengxue QIAO Xin-Zhong liang Jinhua YU Climate Environment and Sustainability CenterNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science(Ministry of Education) East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China School of Geographic Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20740USA Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20740USA Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster(KLME)(Ministry of Education)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD) Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

This study employs the regional Climate-Weather Research and Forecasting model(CWRF)to first investigate the primary physical mechanisms causing biases in simulating summer precipitation over the Yangtze River Basin(YRB),and then enhance its predictive ability through an optimal multi-physics ensemble *** CWRF 30-km simulations in China are compared among 28 combinations of varying physics parameterizations during 1980−***-term average summer biases in YRB precipitation are remotely correlated with those of large-scale *** teleconnections of biases are highly consistent with the observed correlation patterns between interannual variations of precipitation and circulations,despite minor shifts in their primary action *** YRB precipitation aligns with a southward shifted East Asian westerly jet,an intensified low-level southerly flow south of YRB,and a south-eastward shifted South Asian high,alongside higher moisture availability over ***,decreased YRB precipitation corresponds to an opposite circulation *** CWRF control configuration using the ensemble cumulus parameterization(ECP),compared to other cumulus schemes,best captures the observed YRB precipitation characteristics and associated circulation *** ECP with the Morrison or Morrison-aerosol microphysics and the CCCMA or CAML radiation schemes enhances the overall CWRF *** to the control CWRF,the ensemble average of these skill-enhanced physics configurations more accurately reproduces YRB summer precipitation’s spatial distributions,interannual anomalies,and associated circulation *** Bayesian Joint Probability calibration to these configurations improves the ensemble’s spatial distributions but compromises its interannual anomalies and teleconnection *** findings highlight substantial potential for refining the representation of climate system physics to improve YRB precipitation *** is notabl

关键词： physics parameterization regional climate model downscaling skill enhancement multi-physics ensemble teleconnection bias reduction

Considerations of advanced aqueous batteries recycling:A perspective

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 46-54,I0002页

作者： yun zhao Yuqiong Kang Hao Du Feiyu Kang Baohua Li Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina

*** Battery technology,serving as a basis for a rechargeable society,has developed rapidly over a century[1].The progress can be roughly divided into three stages,with the initial two mainly focusing on aqueous battery *** to 1859,research primarily focused on the conceptualization of batteries and the development of primary(non-rechargeable)cells[2].In the subsequent150 years,rechargeable battery technology emerged。

关键词： battery Battery primarily

Co_(3)O_(4)as an efficient passive NO_(x) adsorber for emission control during cold-start of diesel engines

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期66卷 1-7页

作者： Jinhuang Cai Shijie Hao yun Zhang Xiaomin Wu Zhenguo Li Huawang zhao Department of Environmental Science&Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringHuaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China Wuxi Weifu Environmental Catalysts Co. LtdWuxi 214000China National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology China Automotive Technology&Research Center Co.Ltd.Tianjin 300300China

The Co_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles,dominated by a catalytically active(110)lattice plane,were synthesized as a low-temperature NO_(x) adsorbent to control the cold start emissions from *** nanoparticles boast a substantial quantity of active chemisorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen,which exhibited a NO_(x) uptake capacity commensurate with Pd/SSZ-13 at 100℃.The primary NO_(x) release temperature falls within a temperature range of 200-350℃,making it perfectly suitable for diesel *** characterization results demonstrate that chemisorbed oxygen facilitate nitro/nitrites intermediates formation,contributing to the NO_(x) storage at 100℃,while the nitrites begin to decompose within the 150-200℃***,lattice oxygen likely becomes involved in the activation of nitrites into more stable nitrate within this particular temperature *** concurrent processes of nitrites decomposition and its conversion to nitrates results in a minimal NO_(x) release between the temperatures of 150-200℃.The nitrate formed via lattice oxygen mainly induces the NO_(x) to be released as NO_(2) within a temperature range of 200-350℃,which is advantageous in enhancing the NO_(x) activity of downstream NH_(3)-SCR catalysts,by boosting the fast SCR reaction *** to its low cost,considerable NO_(x) absorption capacity,and optimal release temperature,Co_(3)O_(4)demonstrates potential as an effective material for passive NO_(x) adsorber applications.

关键词： Emission control Cold-start Low-temperature adsorption Co_(3)O_(4) Nitrate formation