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Speciation evolutions of target metals （Cd, Pb） influenced by chlorine and sulfur during sewage sludge incineration

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014年第6期8卷 871-876页

作者： jingde LUAN Rundong LI Zhihui ZHANG Yanlong LI Yun zhao Key Laboratory of Clean Energy (Liaoning Province) College of Energy and Environment Shenyang Aerospace University Shenyang 110136 China

In sludge incineration, the thermal behavior of heavy metal is a growing concern. In this work, the combined analysis of metal partitioning behavior between vapor phase and condensed phase, speciation redistribu- tion in condensed phase and the difference of metal species in binding energy was carried out to investigate the possible volatilization-condensation mechanism of heavy metals in high-temperature sludge incineration. It was found that there were two steps in metal volatilization. The initial volatilization of heavy metal originated from their exchangeable （EXC）, carbonate bound （CAR） and iron- manganese bound （FM） fractions, which is primarily composed of simple substance, chlorides, oxides and sulfides. With the increase of chlorine and sulfur in sludge, the inner speciation redistribution of heavy metals occurred in condensed phase, which was an important factor affecting the potential volatility of heavy metals. A partial of metal species with complexed （COM） and residual （RES） fractions gradually decomposed into simple substance or ions, oxides and carbonates, which signifi- cantly strengthened the second volatility. In presence of chlorine, about 46% of Cd with the RES fraction disappeared when the volatility rate of Cd increased by 44.89%. Moreover, about 9% of Pb with COM fraction disappeared when there was an increase of nearly 10% in the volatilization rate. Thus, the second volatilization was mainly controlled by the decomposition of metal species with COM and RES fractions. By virtue of XRD analysis and the binding energy calculation, it was found that metal complex and silicates were inclined to decompose under high temperature due to poor thermo stability as compared with sulfates.

关键词： sludge incineration heavy metals inner speciation redistribution binding energy

Antagonism of Transcription Factor MYC2 by EDS1/PAD4 Complexes Bolsters Salicylic Acid Defense in Arabidopsis Effector-Triggered Immunity

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Molecular Plant 2018年第8期11卷 1053-1066页

作者： Haitao Cui jingde Qiu Yue Zhou Deepak D. Bhandari Chunhui zhao Jaqueline Bautor Jane E. Parker Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research Carl-von-Linne Weg 10 50829 Cologne Germany Department of Plant Developmental Biology Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research 50829 Cologne Germany Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops Plant Immunity Center Fujian Agriculture University Fuzhou 350002 China These authors contributed equaily to this article.

In plant immunity, pathogen-activated intracellular nucleotide binding/leucine rich repeat （NLR） receptors mobilize disease resistance pathways, but the downstream signaling mechanisms remain obscure. Enhanced disease susceptibility 1 （EDS1） controls transcriptional reprogramming in resistance triggered by Toll-lnterleukinl-Receptor domain （TIR）-family NLRs （TNLs）. Transcriptional induction of the salicylic acid （SA） hormone defense sector provides one crucial barrier against biotrophic pathogens. Here, we present genetic and molecular evidence that in Arabidopsis an EDS1 complex with its partner PAD4 inhibits MYC2, a master regulator of SA-antagonizing jasmonic acid （JA） hormone pathways. In the TNL immune response, EDSl/PAD4 interference with MYC2 boosts the SA defense sector independently of EDS1-induced SA synthesis, thereby effectively blocking actions of a potent bacterial JA mimic, coronatine （COR）. We show that antagonism of MYC2 occurs after COR has been sensed inside the nucleus but before or coincident with MYC2 binding to a target promoter, pANAC019. The stable interaction of PAD4 with MYC2 in planta is competed by EDS1-PAD4 complexes. However, suppression of MYC2-promoted genes requires EDS1 together with PAD4, pointing to an essential EDS1-PAD4 heterodimer activity in MYC2 inhibition. Taken together, these results uncover an immune receptor signaling circuit that intersects with hormone pathway crosstalk to reduce bacterial pathogen growth.

关键词： NLR receptor stress hormone network Pseudomonas syringae AvrRps4 RRS1/RPS4 coi1

ZIF-7@carbon composites as multifunctional interlayer for rapid and durable Li-S performance

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第6期30卷 19-27,I0002页

作者： Xingbo Wang Yan zhao Feichao Wu Shuming Liu Zisheng Zhang zhaoyang Tan Xiaohang Du jingde Li Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and High Efficient Energy Saving Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process SafetySchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of OttawaOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada

The notorious"shuttle effect"of polysulfide during charge-discharge process induces grievous capacity fading,while the sluggish polysulfide conversion kinetics significantly hinders the development of practically viable lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.In this study,a novel ZIF-7@carbon composite with ZIF-7 sheets vertically rooted on carbon cloth was developed as multifunctional interlayer to address these issues.The composite shows directional layered structure with outstanding compactness,and thus can provide massive active sites for accelerated redox reactions.The pore channels are perpendicular to the square surface,resulting in extremely high utilization of one-dimensional channels.Therefore,this structure can not only maintain the structural stability during the charge-discharge process by providing enough space for volume expansion,but also contribute to efficient exposure and utilization of active sites for the physical/chemical adsorption and catalytic conversion of polysulfide.As a result,Li-S batteries with the as-developed interlayer deliver a considerable areal capacity of 4.75 mAh cm^(-2) at an elevated sulfur loading of 5.5 mg cm^(-2),and an impressive cyclability with an extremely low capacity-fading rate of merely 0.04%per cycle over 500 cycles at 1 C.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur batteries Interlayer ZIF-7 sheets High sulfur loading

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辐射制冷材料军用帐篷内热舒适性的实验研究

热科学与技术 2022年第3期21卷 270-276页

作者：张辉赵敬德樊杰李春华东华大学体育部上海201620 东华大学暖通空调研究所上海201620 同济大学体育教学部上海200092

为了研究辐射制冷材料应用于军用帐篷对帐篷内环境热舒适的改善效果,将辐射制冷材料制成的降温帐篷与普通军用帐篷作对比,在夏季太阳照度充足的时间进行现场实验,测量了两种帐篷的外表面及内部空气温度,并结合WBGT(wet bulb globe tempe... 详细信息

为了研究辐射制冷材料应用于军用帐篷对帐篷内环境热舒适的改善效果,将辐射制冷材料制成的降温帐篷与普通军用帐篷作对比,在夏季太阳照度充足的时间进行现场实验,测量了两种帐篷的外表面及内部空气温度,并结合WBGT(wet bulb globe temperature)、TSV(thermal sensation vote)及TCV(thermal comfort vote)等热舒适评价指标比较二者内部环境的热舒适情况。实验结果表明:在实验持续3 h,室外温度为34.0℃、总太阳辐射强度为743 W/m^(2)的情况下,相较于普通军用帐篷,辐射制冷帐篷表面温度可降低6.9℃,从而低于周围空气温度;帐篷内部空气温度可降低4.3℃,达到32.9℃;WBGT由32.1降低到28.1℃,可降低4.0℃。由WBGT、TSV及TCV的比较结果显示,帐篷内的热舒适情况得到了显著的改善。

关键词：辐射制冷热舒适实验研究军用帐篷

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相变微胶囊悬浮液圆管内换热特性模拟

化工进展 2020年第S2期39卷 36-41页

作者：赵敬德叶鸿鑫东华大学环境科学与工程学院上海201620 东华大学暖通空调研究所上海201620

相变微胶囊悬浮液在相变过程中具有较大的相变潜热,可以减小温度的变化程度,且比单相流体具有更高的对流换热系数,成为广泛关注的新型热工流体。本文针对相变微胶囊悬浮液在等热流边界条件下的管内层流,根据差示扫描量热法所得到的相变... 详细信息

相变微胶囊悬浮液在相变过程中具有较大的相变潜热,可以减小温度的变化程度,且比单相流体具有更高的对流换热系数,成为广泛关注的新型热工流体。本文针对相变微胶囊悬浮液在等热流边界条件下的管内层流,根据差示扫描量热法所得到的相变温度范围,采用矩形等效比热容模型,进行了数值模拟分析,并结合以溴代十六烷为相变材料的相变微胶囊悬浮液的实验数据,将数值模拟结果与实验结果对比并进行误差分析。又对在不同质量分数、不同热流密度条件下的对流换热进行研究,分析了不同参数对对流换热强度的影响。并通过拟合得到了相变微胶囊悬浮液圆管内对流换热关联式。然后改变管径、流速条件重新模拟验证该关联式的通用性,其结果表明模拟结果与预测公式高度吻合,该关联式的通用性较好。

关键词：相变计算流体力学对流传热数值模拟

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基于某单向流洁净室数值模拟

洁净与空调技术 2023年第4期 14-16,86页

作者：赵敬德栾鹍东华大学环境科学与工程学院

洁净室需要稳定和均匀的气流组织,局部热源会对洁净室内部气流组织的均匀性产生影响。针对某实际运行的一级洁净室的气流组织进行了数值模拟研究,对洁净室内局部热源的影响进行了探究。分析发现洁净室内的局部热源对洁净室内温度均匀性... 详细信息

洁净室需要稳定和均匀的气流组织,局部热源会对洁净室内部气流组织的均匀性产生影响。针对某实际运行的一级洁净室的气流组织进行了数值模拟研究,对洁净室内局部热源的影响进行了探究。分析发现洁净室内的局部热源对洁净室内温度均匀性产生了不利影响,但没有影响气流流动。根据模拟结果提出了改善措施并加以验证。

关键词：洁净室数值模拟局部热源

城市更新背景下县域老城区老旧小区更新策略研究——以旌德县徽水河沿岸项目为例

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价值工程 2024年第8期43卷 28-31页

作者：江美菱程树玮赵静安徽长泰建筑有限公司旌德242600 旌德县住房和城乡建设局旌德242600

党的二十大报告明确指出,要“实施城市更新行动”,老旧小区改造作为城市更新的主要方面,逐渐成为当下城市更新改造的重点工程。大城市老旧小区改造开展的比较早,相对偏远落后的县域小城镇老旧小区改造相对滞后。本文从市民视角设计调查... 详细信息

党的二十大报告明确指出,要“实施城市更新行动”,老旧小区改造作为城市更新的主要方面,逐渐成为当下城市更新改造的重点工程。大城市老旧小区改造开展的比较早,相对偏远落后的县域小城镇老旧小区改造相对滞后。本文从市民视角设计调查问卷,对老城区老旧小区目前改造存在的问题进行调查研究,以实际老旧小区改造项目为载体,对县域小城镇城市更新改造存在的问题及重难点进行分析总结,提出基于城市更新的县域老城区老旧小区更新改造策略,希望为类似项目的实施提供借鉴。

关键词：老旧小区城市更新基础配套设施

群智能算法优化PID参数的光电探测自动控制研究

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激光杂志 2022年第7期43卷 44-48页

作者：王金凤徐景德赵军伟付小伟华北科技学院北京101601

光电探测具有较高的实际应用价值,在光电探测过程中,由于多种因素的综合影响,因素之间互相干扰,使得光电探测控制十分困难。为了获得理想的光电探测控制效果,针对当前光电探测控制方法存在的不足,设计了群智能算法优化PID参数的光电探... 详细信息

光电探测具有较高的实际应用价值,在光电探测过程中,由于多种因素的综合影响,因素之间互相干扰,使得光电探测控制十分困难。为了获得理想的光电探测控制效果,针对当前光电探测控制方法存在的不足,设计了群智能算法优化PID参数的光电探测自动控制系统。首先以光电探测控制精度为目标,设计光电探测控制的目标函数,然后引入群智能算法和PID组合机制实现光电探测控制,并采用群智能算法实时优化PID参数,最后在Matlab 2017平台上进行了光电探测控制的仿真测试。结果表明,本系统有效降低了光电探测控制误差,提升了光电探测控制精度,使温度波动保持在±0.04℃以内,且在2 min内达到稳定状态,具有较强的鲁棒性。

关键词：光电探测技术自动控制群智能算法 PID参数

室外高温环境下通风服装的传热模型与实验研究

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纺织学报 2021年第6期42卷 153-159页

作者：赵敬德丁义冉张春红东华大学环境科学与工程学院上海201620 东华大学暖通空调研究所上海201620

为提高夏季室外高温日晒环境下作业人员的热舒适性,对人体、服装与环境之间传热过程进行分析,以此作为针对性降温方式的理论基础建立了通风服装在室外高温日晒环境下的传热模型,并采用真人实验的方法验证了该传热模型;分析了送风后衣下... 详细信息

为提高夏季室外高温日晒环境下作业人员的热舒适性,对人体、服装与环境之间传热过程进行分析,以此作为针对性降温方式的理论基础建立了通风服装在室外高温日晒环境下的传热模型,并采用真人实验的方法验证了该传热模型;分析了送风后衣下空间空气参数及人体主观反映的改变。结果表明:采用该模型计算得到的人体得热量与失热量误差仅为9.1%,人体表面温度在10 min左右趋于稳定;给衣下空间送入处理后的冷空气时,衣下空间内空气温湿度均比未通风时低,强迫对流的存在大大地提高了体表汗液蒸发速率,人体主观热感觉与皮肤湿润感得到明显改善。

关键词：通风服装传热模型衣下送风热感觉室外高温环境